Order of the Paulownia Flowers
| Order of the Paulownia Flowers 桐花章 |
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|---|---|
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| Star of the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers | |
| Awarded by the Emperor of Japan | |
| Type | Order |
| Eligibility | Individuals with many years of outstanding accomplishments, particularly in public and political life. |
| Status | Currently constituted |
| Sovereign | His Imperial Majesty The Emperor |
| Grades (w/ post-nominals) | Grand Cordon |
| Established | 1888 |
| Precedence | |
| Next (higher) | Order of the Chrysanthemum |
| Next (lower) | Order of the Rising Sun |
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| Ribbon bar of the order | |
The Order of the Paulownia Flowers (桐花章 Tōka shō?) is an order presented by the Japanese government. Established in 1888 during the Meiji Restoration as the highest award in the Order of the Rising Sun; however, since 2003 it has been an Order in its own right.[1] The only grade of the order is Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers (旭日桐花大綬章 Kyokujitsu tōka daijushō?), which ranks higher than the Order of the Rising Sun but lower than the Order of the Chrysanthemum.
Traditionally, the order has been conferred upon eminent statesmen, former prime ministers and senior cabinet ministers, diplomats and judges. It may be conferred posthumously, and is the highest regularly conferred honor in the Japanese honors system. Awards are not made annually; only 21individuals have been decorated with the order since 2003: 16 Japanese (three posthumously), three Americans (one of Japanese descent, United States Senator Daniel Inouye), one Indian (former Prime Minister of India, Dr. Manmohan Singh)[2] and one Singaporean (first Prime Minister of Singapore, Mr Lee Kuan Yew)
Contents
Insignia
The badge for the Order is a gilt cross with white enameled rays, bearing a central emblem of a red enameled sun disc surrounded by red rays, and with three paulownia blossoms between each arm of the cross. It is suspended from three enameled paulownia leaves on a sash in red with white border stripes, and is worn on the right shoulder.
The star for the Order is the same as the badge, but without the paulownia leaves suspension. It is worn on the left chest.
Complete listing of ordinary (non-royal) recipients of the Order
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Ordinary recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun with Paulownia Flowers (1888-2003)
Information from the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia
Awards to living recipients
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Posthumous awards
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Ordinary recipients of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers (from 2003)
Information from the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia
Awards to living recipients
- Yamaguchi Shigeru (29 April 2005)
- Murayama Tomiichi (29 April 2006)
- Hiraiwa Gaishi (3 November 2006)
- Shoichiro Toyoda (3 November 2007)
- Machida Akira (3 November 2007)
- Kurata Hiroyuki (29 April 2008)
- Tamisuke Watanuki (29 April 2010)
- Niro Shimada (29 April 2010)
- Chikage Oogi (3 November 2010)
- Toshiki Kaifu (29 April 2011)
- Yōhei Kōno (3 November 2011)
- Tsutomu Hata (29 April 2013)
- Hironobu Takesaki (3 November 2015)
Posthumous awards
- Yutaka Inoue (22 June 2008)
- Takeo Nishioka (5 November 2011) [3]
- Nobutaka Machimura (1 June 2015)
Foreign recipients
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See also
- Order of Civil Merit (Korea)
- Order of the Nine Gems (Thailand)
- Order of the Bath (UK; Knight Grand Cross equivalent)
- Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (Grand Cross 1st class equivalent)
- Order of Charles III (Spain)
- Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Grand Cross with Collar equivalent)
- Order of Christ (Portugal) and Military Order of Saint James of the Sword (Portugal; Grand Cross)
Notes
- ↑ Japan, Cabinet Office: Decoration Bureau
- ↑ Japanese Wikipedia article
- ↑ Japanese Wikipedia
- ↑ ^ Милисав Савић: „Дринска дивизија", Лозница 2009. године, 242-251. страна; ISBN 978-86-912717-0-1 COBISS 167983628
- ↑ Honor conferred 1963 -- Konrad Adenauer Stiftung: Biographie, Orden und Ehrenzeichen; Kyokujitsu-sho, Orden der Aufgehenden Sonne, 1. Klasse, Großkreuz (22 März 1960); Kyokujitsu Tokwa Daiju-sho (Orden der Aufgehenden Sonne mit Paulownia-Blüten ((2 Dezember 1963). (German)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Honor conferred 1917 -- The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 30363. p. 11322. 30 October 1917. Retrieved 2008-02-01.
- ↑ https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32586/page/641
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Department of the Army, Headquarters: General Orders, No. 13. 6 April 1964.
- ↑ Ottoman frigate Ertuğrul
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Honor conferred 1990 -- Campi, Alicia. "The Role of Mike Mansfield in Consolidating Mongolia's International Status and in Establishing Diplomatic Relations with the United States," The Mansfield Foundation. 17 May 2007.
- ↑ Sleeman, Elizabeth. (2003). The International Who's Who 2004, p. 1547.
- ↑ Honor conferred in 2013. "François Fillon sera décoré par le Japon" Le Figaro, 7 May 2013
- ↑ Trilateral Commission: Foley, bio notes
References
- Peterson, James W., Barry C. Weaver and Michael A. Quigley (2001). Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States. San Ramon, California: Orders and Medals Society of America. ISBN 1-890974-09-9.
External links
- Japan, Cabinet Office: Decorations and Medals
- Decoration Bureau: Order of the Paulownia Flowers
- Japan Mint: Production Process
