Ordinary Time

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Ordinary Time refers to two periods of time in the Christian liturgical calendar, particularly the calendar of the ordinary form of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, although some other churches of Western Christianity also use the term. In Latin, the name of this time is Tempus per annum translated as time during the year.

Since 1970 in the ordinary form of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, Ordinary Time comprises two periods: one beginning on the day after the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord (the end of the Christmas season) and ending on the day before Ash Wednesday, the other beginning on the Monday after Pentecost, the conclusion of the Easter season, and continuing until the Saturday before the First Sunday of Advent. These periods of time combined are the longest time in the liturgical year.[1]

The weeks of Ordinary Time are numbered. Several Sundays bear the name of feasts or solemnities celebrated on those days, including Trinity Sunday and the Feast of Christ the King.

The liturgical color normally assigned to Ordinary Time is green.

Events of Ordinary Time

In the Catholic Church, Ordinary Time begins on the day after the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord. The church normally celebrates this feast on the Sunday after the Solemnity of the Epiphany of the Lord (6 January). However, some dioceses, including those in the United States, always celebrate Epiphany on the Sunday after the Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God (1 January); when they celebrate the Solemnity of the Epiphany of the Lord on Sunday (7 or 8 January), they move the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord to Monday (8 or 9 January), respectively.

Therefore, Ordinary Time starts on the second Monday or Tuesday of the year (January 9 or 10) in those years and dioceses. The Christmas season includes the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord, so Ordinary Time begins the next day, Monday or Tuesday, not on Sunday. However, the Sunday after the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord is always counted as the "Second Sunday of Ordinary Time".

Ordinary Time continues through the day before Ash Wednesday, which falls between 4 February and 10 March (inclusive), and marks the beginning of the Season of Lent. Thus, for Roman Catholics, the period of Ordinary Time between Christmas and Lent may end amid the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, or ninth week of Ordinary Time. Ash Wednesday is a moveable feast which occurs on the 40th day (excluding Sundays) before the Solemnity of the Resurrection of the Lord (Easter Sunday).

Ordinary Time resumes on the Monday following Solemnity of Pentecost, which is the Sunday between 10 May and 13 June that marks the 50th day of Easter. Ordinary Time concludes with the Saturday afternoon before the first Sunday of Advent (27 November to 3 December). Ordinary Time thus always includes the entire months of July, August, September and October and most or all of June and November. In some years, Ordinary Time includes a portion of May, or a day or two in early December, or both. The Catholic Church substitutes the Solemnity of Our Lord Jesus Christ the King of the Universe in the place of the 34th Sunday in Ordinary Time, the last Sunday of the season.

Readings at Mass after Epiphany and before Lent

Baptism of the Lord

Every second Sunday of the calendar year, if the feast of the Epiphany of the Lord Sunday falls January 7 to 8 will be falls on Monday.

  • A. Isaiah 42:1-4,6-7/Acts 10:34-38/Matthew 3:13-17
  • B. (Isaiah 55:1-11)/(1 John 5:1-9)/Mark 1:7-11
  • C. (Isaiah 40:1-5,9-11)/(Titus 2:11-14,3:4-7)/Luke 3:15-16,21-22
  • Monday I.Hebrews 1:1-6/II. 1 Samuel 1:1-8/Mark 1:14-20
  • Tuesday I. Hebrews 2:5-12/II. 1 Samuel 1:9-20/Mark 1:21-28
  • Wednesday I. Hebrews 2:14-18/II. 1 Samuel 3:1-10,19-20/Mark 1:29-39
  • Thursday I. Hebrews 3:7-14/II. 1 Samuel 4:1-11/Mark 1:40-45
  • Friday I. Hebrews 4:1-5,11/II. 1 Samuel 8:4-7,10-22/Mark 2:1-12
  • Saturday I. Hebrews 4:12-16/II. 1 Samuel 9:1-4,17-19,10:1/Mark 2:13-17

Second Sunday in Ordinary Time

  • A. Isaiah 49:3,5-6/1 Corinthians 1:1-3/John 1:29-34
  • B. 1 Samuel 3:3-10,19/1 Corinthians 6:13-15,17-20/John 1:35-42
  • C. Isaiah 62:1-5/1 Corinthians 12:4-11/John 2:1-11
  • Monday I. Hebrews 5:1-10/II. 1 Samuel 15:16-23/Mark 2:18-22
  • Tuesday I. Hebrews 6:10-20/II. 1 Samuel 16:1-13/Mark 2:23-28
  • Wednesday I. Hebrews 7:1-3,15-17/II. 1 Samuel 17:32-33,37,40-51/Mark 3:1-6
  • Thursday I. Hebrews 7:25-8:6/II. 1 Samuel 18:6-9,19:1-7/Mark 3:7-12
  • Friday I. Hebrews 8:6-13/II. 1 Samuel 24:3-21/Mark 3:13-19
  • Saturday I. Hebrews 9:2-3,11-14/II. 2 Samuel 1:1-4,11-12,19-23,27/Mark 3:20-21

Feast of the Holy Child Jesus

Every third Sunday of the calendar year.

  • Isaiah 9:1-6/Ephesians 1:3-6,15-18/
  • A. Matthew 18:1-5,10
  • B. Mark 10:13-16
  • C. Luke 2:41-52

Third Sunday in Ordinary Time

  • A. Isaiah 8:23-9:3/1 Corinthians 1:10-13,17/Matthew 4:12-23
  • B. Jonah 3:1-5,10/1 Corinthians 7:29-31/Mark 1:14-20
  • C. Nehemiah 8:2-6,8-10/1 Corinthians 12:12-30/Luke 1:1-4,4:14-21
  • Monday I. Hebrews 9:15,24-28/II. 2 Samuel 5:1-7,10/Mark 3:22-30
  • Tuesday I. Hebrews 10:1-10/II. 2 Samuel 6:12-15,17-19/Mark 3:31-35
  • Wednesday I. Hebrews 10:11-18/II. 2 Samuel 7:4-17/Mark 4:1-20
  • Thursday I. Hebrews 10:19-25/II. 2 Samuel 7:18-19,24-29/Mark 4:21-25
  • Friday I. Hebrews 10:32-39/II. 2 Samuel 11:1-10,13-17/Mark 4:26-34
  • Saturday I. Hebrews 11:1-2,8-19/II. 2 Samuel 12:1-7,10-17/Mark 4:35-41

Fourth Sunday in Ordinary Time

  • A. Zephaniah 2:3,3:12-13/1 Corinthians 1:26-31/Matthew 5:1-12
  • B. Deuteronomy 18:15-20/1 Corinthians 7:32-35/Mark 1:21-28
  • C. Jeremiah 1:4-5,17-19/1 Corinthians 12:31-13:13/Luke 4:21-30
  • Monday I. Hebrews 11:32-40/II. 2 Samuel 15:13-14,30,16:5-13/Mark 5:1-20
  • Tuesday I. Hebrews 12:1-4/II. 2 Samuel 18:9-10,14,24-25,30,19:3/Mark 5:21-43
  • Wednesday I. Hebrews 12:4-7,11-15/II. 2 Samuel 24:2,9-17/Mark 6:1-6
  • Thursday I. Hebrews 12:18-19,21-24/II. 1 Kings 2:1-4,10-12/Mark 6:7-13
  • Friday I. Hebrews 13:1-8/II. Sirach 47:2-11/Mark 6:14-29
  • Saturday I. Hebrews 13:15-17,20-21/II. 1 Kings 3:4-13/Mark 6:30-34

Fifth Sunday in Ordinary Time

  • A. Isaiah 58:7-10/1 Corinthians 2:1-5/Matthew 5:13-16
  • B. Job 7:1-4.6-7/1 Corinthians 9:16-19,22-23/Mark 1:29-39
  • C. Isaiah 6:1-8/1 Corinthians 15:1-11/Luke 5:1-11
  • Monday I. Genesis 1:1-19/II. 1 Kings 8:1-7,9-13/Mark 6:53-56
  • Tuesday I. Genesis 1:20-2:4/II. 1 Kings 8:22-23,27-30/Mark 7:1-13
  • Wednesday I. Genesis 2:5-9,15-17/II. 1 Kings 10:1-10/Mark 7:14-23
  • Thursday I. Genesis 2:18-25/II. 1 Kings 11:4-13/Mark 7:24-30
  • Friday I. Genesis 3:1-8/II. 1 Kings 11:29-32,12:19/Mark 7:31-37
  • Saturday I. Genesis 3:9-24/II. 1 Kings 12:26-32,13:33-34/Mark 8:1-10

Sixth Sunday in Ordinary Time

  • A. Sirach 15:15-20/1 Corinthians 2:6-10/Matthew 5:17-37
  • B. Leviticus 13:1-2,44-46/1 Corinthians 10:31-11:1/Mark 1:40-45
  • C. Jeremiah 17:5-8/1 Corinthians 15:12,16-20/Luke 6:17,20-26
  • Monday I. Genesis 4:1-15,25/II. James 1:1-11/Mark 8:11-13
  • Tuesday I. Genesis 6:5-8,7:1-5,10/II. James 1:12-18/Mark 8:14-21
  • Wednesday I. Genesis 8:6-13,20-22/II. James 1:19-27/Mark 8:22-26
  • Thursday I. Genesis 9:1-13/II. James 2:1-9/Mark 8:27-33
  • Friday I. Genesis 11:1-9/II. James 2:14-24,26/Mark 8:34-9:1
  • Saturday I. Hebrews 11:1-7/II. James 3:1-10/Mark 9;2-13

Seventh Sunday in Ordinary Time

  • A. Leviticus 19:1-2,17-18/1 Corinthians 3:16-23/Matthew 5:38-48
  • B. Isaiah 43:18-19,21-22,24-25/2 Corinthians 1:18-22/Mark 2:1-12
  • C. 1 Samuel 26:2,7-9,12-13,22-23/1 Corinthians 15:45-49/Luke 6:27-38
  • Monday I. Sirach 1:1-10/II. James 3:13-18/Mark 9:14-29
  • Tuesday I. Sirach 2:1-11/II. James 4:1-10/Mark 9:30-37
  • Wednesday I. Sirach 4:11-19/II. James 4:13-17/Mark 9:38-40
  • Thursday I. Sirach 5:1-8/II. James 5:1-6/Mark 9:41-50
  • Friday I. Sirach 6:5-17/II. James 5:9-12/Mark 10:1-12
  • Saturday I. Sirach 17:1-15/II. James 5:13-20/Mark 10:13-16

Eighth Sunday in Ordinary Time

  • A. Isaiah 49:14-15/1 Corinthians 4:1-5/Matthew 6:24-34
  • B. Hosea 2:16-17,21-22/2 Corinthians 3:1-6/Mark 2:18-22
  • C. Sirach 27:4-7/1 Corinthians 15:54-58/Luke 6:39-45
  • Monday I. Sirach 17:20-24/II. 1 Peter 1:3-9/Mark 10:17-27
  • Tuesday I. Sirach 35:1-12/II. 1 Peter 1:10-16/Mark 10:28-31
  • Wednesday I. Sirach 36:1,4-5,10-17/II. 1 Peter 1:18-25/Mark 10:32-45
  • Thursday I. Sirach 42:15-25/II. 1 Peter 2:2-5,9-12/Mark 10:46-52
  • Friday I. Sirach 44;1,9-13/II. 1 Peter 4:7-13/Mark 11:11-26
  • Saturday I. Sirach 51:12-20/II. Jude 1;17,20-25/Mark 11:27-33

Weeks in a year

Weeks of Ordinary Time
Wk
No		 Beginning
on or after		 Date
2023 2024 2025
1 Jan 7 Jan 8 Jan 7 Jan 12
2 Jan 14 Jan 15 Jan 14 Jan 19
3 Jan 21 Jan 22 Jan 21 Jan 26
4 Jan 28 Jan 29 Jan 28 Feb 2
5 Feb 4 Feb 5 Feb 4 Feb 9
6 Feb 11 Feb 12 Feb 11 Feb 16
7 Feb 18 Feb 19 Feb 23
8 Feb 25 Mar 2
9 Mar 3
6 May 8
7 May 15 May 19
8 May 22 May 28 May 26
9 May 29 Jun 4 Jun 2
10 Jun 5 Jun 11 Jun 9 Jun 8
11 Jun 12 Jun 18 Jun 16 Jun 15
12 Jun 19 Jun 25 Jun 23 Jun 22
13 Jun 26 Jul 2 Jun 30 Jun 29
14 Jul 3 Jul 9 Jul 7 Jul 6
15 Jul 10 Jul 16 Jul 14 Jul 13
16 Jul 17 Jul 23 Jul 21 Jul 20
17 Jul 24 Jul 30 Jul 28 Jul 27
18 Jul 31 Aug 6 Aug 4 Aug 3
19 Aug 7 Aug 13 Aug 11 Aug 10
20 Aug 14 Aug 20 Aug 18 Aug 17
21 Aug 21 Aug 27 Aug 25 Aug 24
22 Aug 28 Sep 3 Sep 1 Aug 31
23 Sep 4 Sep 10 Sep 8 Sep 7
24 Sep 11 Sep 17 Sep 15 Sep 14
25 Sep 18 Sep 24 Sep 22 Sep 21
26 Sep 25 Oct 1 Sep 29 Sep 28
27 Oct 2 Oct 8 Oct 6 Oct 5
28 Oct 9 Oct 15 Oct 13 Oct 12
29 Oct 16 Oct 22 Oct 20 Oct 19
30 Oct 23 Oct 29 Oct 27 Oct 26
31 Oct 30 Nov 5 Nov 3 Nov 2
32 Nov 6 Nov 12 Nov 10 Nov 9
33 Nov 13 Nov 19 Nov 17 Nov 16
34 Nov 20 Nov 26 Nov 24 Nov 23
  Movable by Lent
  Movable by Eastertide

The actual number of complete or partial weeks of Ordinary Time in any given year can total 33 or 34. In most years, Ordinary Time comprises only 33 weeks,[2][3] so the Church omits one week that otherwise would precede the resumption of Ordinary Time following Pentecost Sunday. For example, in 2011, the Sunday before Ash Wednesday was the Ninth Sunday in Ordinary Time, but the day after Pentecost Sunday began the 11th Week in Ordinary Time.

In the Church of England, a similar situation arises with "Sundays after Trinity", as Sundays in the second period of Ordinary Time are termed (until the final four, which are termed "Sundays before Advent"). The total number of Sundays varies according to the date of Easter and can range anything from 18 to 23. When there are 23, the Collect and Post-Communion for the 22nd Sunday are taken from the provision for the Third Sunday before Lent.

In the Episcopal Church (United States), it is normal to refer to Sundays after Epiphany and Sundays after Pentecost. The use of Ordinary Time is not common.

In the Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic churches, Sundays are all numbered after Pentecost which runs through the following year. The Orthodox do not distinguish Ordinary Time.

Solemnities and feasts in Ordinary Time

In addition, certain solemnities and feasts that fall on Sundays during Ordinary Time preempt the observance of an ordinarily numbered Sunday. On preempted Sundays, the liturgical color of the feast or solemnity replaces the liturgical color green. These feast days include, in the Roman Catholic calendar, any holy day of obligation, any other solemnity, any feast of the Lord, and the Commemoration of All Faithful Departed Souls.

On the universal calendar, these include:

The following observances always preempt a Sunday in Ordinary Time:

Other solemnities which outrank Sundays of Ordinary Time vary from parish to parish and diocese to diocese; they may include the feast of the patron saint of a parish and the feast of the dedication of the parish church.

In addition, if a solemnity or feast that outranks a Sunday of Ordinary Time, such as those mentioned above, should occur during the week, a priest celebrating Mass with a congregation may observe the solemnity on a nearby Sunday. Such a celebration is traditionally called an "external solemnity," even if the feast in question is not ranked as a solemnity. If an external solemnity is celebrated on a Sunday, the color of that celebration is used rather than green.

Use of the term

In the extraordinary form there are two distinct seasons in the Roman Breviary and Roman Missal, known as the season after Epiphany and the season after Pentecost, respectively. Liturgical days in these times are referred to as the - nth Sunday after Epiphany or Pentecost, or Feria II, III, IV, V or VI after the - nth Sunday.

With the reforms of 1970 came the introduction of four liturgical weeks - the 6th through 9th weeks of Ordinary Time - which could fall either after Epiphany or after Pentecost, making the old numbering scheme unusable, and the term tempus per annum was used to describe both of these seasons. Before the reforms until the present, the term tempus per annum has been used to describe the season of the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary that is not part of Advent or Christmastide, and so tempus per annum extends from Matins on 3 February through None on the last Saturday before Advent.

Following the lead of the liturgical reforms of the Roman Rite, many Protestant churches also adopted the concept of Ordinary Time alongside the Revised Common Lectionary.

Kingdomtide exception

Some Protestant denominations (most notably the United Methodist Church) set off the last 13 or 14 weeks of Ordinary Time into a separate season, known as Kingdomtide.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ "Ordionary Time", Catholic Culture website.
  2. ↑ Lectionary Calendar and Movable Feasts
  3. ↑ There are 34 weeks of Ordinary Time in years with dominical letters A or g or some combination containing A or g, i.e., Ag, bA, or gf. All other years have 33 weeks of Ordinary Time, with the fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, or ninth or 10th week dropped from the calendar that year.
  4. ↑ In the United States, white may be used in place of violet on All Souls Day.
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