Papa Was a Rollin' Stone

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search
"Papa Was a Rollin' Stone"
File:Papa-rolling-stone-tempts.jpg
Single by The Temptations
from the album All Directions
Released September 28, 1972
Format 7" single
Recorded Detroit, Michigan
Hitsville USA (Studio A); May 15, June 14, June 22, & June 28, 1972
Genre Psychedelic soul[1][2]
Length 6:54 (single edit)
12:02 (album mix)
Label Gordy Records
G 7121
Writer(s) Norman Whitfield
Barrett Strong
Producer(s) Norman Whitfield
The Temptations singles chronology
"Mother Nature"
(1972)		 "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone"
(1972)		 "Masterpiece"
(1973)
"Papa Was a Rollin' Stone '87"
Single by Temptations
A-side "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone '87"
Released 1987
Format 7" single/12" single/CD
Genre Soul
Label Motown

"Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" is a psychedelic soul song, written by Motown songwriters Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong as a single for Motown act The Undisputed Truth in 1971. This version of "Papa" was released as a single in early 1972, and peaked at number 63 on the pop charts and number 24 on the R&B charts.

Later that year, Whitfield, who also produced the song, took "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" and remade it as a 12-minute record for The Temptations, which was a number-one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 and won three Grammy Awards in 1973. While the original Undisputed Truth version of the song has been largely forgotten, The Temptations' version of the song has been an enduring and influential soul classic. It was ranked #168 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, one of the group's three songs on the list. In retrospect, The Temptations' Otis Williams considers "Papa" to be the last real classic the group recorded.

Overview

Beginning with an extended instrumental introduction (3:53 in length), each of the song's three verses is separated by extended musical passages, in which Whitfield brings various instrumental textures in and out of the mix. A solo plucked bass guitar part, backed by hi-hat cymbals drumming, establishes the musical theme, a simple three-note figure; the bass is gradually joined by other instruments, including a blues guitar, wah-wah guitar, Wurlitzer Electric Piano notes, handclaps, horns, and strings; all are tied together by the ever-present bass guitar line and repeating hi-hat rhythm. A very unusual thing about this song is that it uses only one chord throughout the entire song -- B-flat minor.

Vocal jobs are performed in a true ensemble style: Temptations singers Dennis Edwards, Melvin Franklin, Richard Street (who was a frequent fill-in for Paul Williams and his eventual replacement) and Damon Harris (who had replaced Eddie Kendricks as the group's falsetto singer the previous year) alternate vocal lines, taking the role of siblings questioning their mother about their now-deceased father; their increasingly pointed questions, and the mother's repeated response ("Papa was a rollin' stone/wherever he laid his hat was his home/and when he died, all he left us was alone") paint a sombre picture for the children who have never seen their father and have "never heard nothing but bad things about him."

Friction arose during the recording of "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" for a number of reasons. The Temptations did not like the fact that Whitfield's instrumentation had been getting more emphasis than their vocals on their songs at the time, and that they had to press Whitfield to get him to produce ballads for the group. In addition, Dennis Edwards was angered by the song's first verse: "It was the third of September/That day I'll always remember/'cause that was the day/that my daddy died". While legend has it that, coincidentally, Edwards' father had died on that date, making him apprehensive of recording the song, Edwards' father actually died on the third of October, not September;[3] the other half of the legend — that Norman Whitfield forced Edwards to rerecord his parts dozens of times until he finally got the angered, bitter grumble he desired out of the usually fiery-toned Edwards — was true.[3] Whitfield's treatment of the group eventually led to his dismissal as their producer.[3] The guitar parts were played by a young Paul Warren [4] and Melvin Watson Melvin "Wah-Wah Watson" Ragin [5] The Temptations' version of "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" followed in the extended-length "cinematic soul" tradition of the work of Isaac Hayes and others, and future songs like Donna Summer's fourteen-minute "Love to Love You Baby" and the instrumentals of MFSB expanded upon the concept in the mid-1970s.

Release and awards

A seven-minute edited version of "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" was released as a single in September 1972. For this mix, congas were added to bolster the song's sparse percussion; this version appeared on the 1973 Anthology triple LP. The Temptations' box set Emperors of Soul has the edited version in stereo, but without the congas. The b-side was the instrumental backing by The Funk Brothers without the Temptations' vocals (except for a single "Unngh!" at the end of the second verse). "Papa" rose to number one on the U.S. pop charts and number five on the U.S. R&B charts, becoming the Temptations' final pop number-one hit. The song, the anchor of the 1972 Temptations album All Directions, won three 1973 Grammys: its a-side won for Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Group; its b-side won for Best R&B Instrumental (awarded to Whitfield and arranger/conductor Paul Riser); and Whitfield and Barrett Strong won for Best R&B Song as the song's composers.

Notable covers and remixes

A number of notable covers of "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" have been recorded:

Charts

Personnel

Undisputed Truth version

  • Lead and background vocals by Joe Harris, Billie Rae Calvin, and Brenda Joyce

Temptations version

Sample

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. "this seven-minute single (a U.S. No. 1) and its near-twelve-minute album version remain the apex of the psychedelic soul era."
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. "Maurice Davis was involved in producer Norman Whitfield's transition of the Motown Sound into a psychedelic soul label. Whitfield placed much emphasize on instrumentation over vocals, which allowed Davis and the Funk Brothers to shine. The Temptations were a major element in this endeavor, including the production of "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone.""
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Ribowsky, Mark (2010). Ain't Too Proud to Beg: The Troubled Lives and Enduring Soul of the Temptations. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-26117-0. p. 232
  4. ↑ http://thepaulwarrenproject.com/about/)
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ "Ultratop.be – The Temptations – Papa Was A Rollin' Stone" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. You have to use the index at the top of the page and search "Temptations"
  16. ↑ "Officialcharts.de – The Temptations – Papa Was A Rollin' Stone". GfK Entertainment.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
    62. Papa was a rolling stone - The Temptations [#12]
  18. ↑ "Nederlandse Top 40 – The Temptations search results" (in Dutch) Dutch Top 40.
  19. ↑ "Dutchcharts.nl – The Temptations – Papa Was A Rollin' Stone" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ "Austriancharts.at – Was (Not Was) – Papa Was A Rolling Stone" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
  25. ↑ "Ultratop.be – Was (Not Was) – Papa Was A Rolling Stone" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Only one result when searching "Papa was a rolling stone"
  28. ↑ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Was Not Was search results" (in Dutch) Dutch Top 40.
  29. ↑ "Dutchcharts.nl – Was (Not Was) – Papa Was A Rolling Stone" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
  30. ↑ "Charts.org.nz – Was (Not Was) – Papa Was A Rolling Stone". Top 40 Singles.
  31. ↑ "Swisscharts.com – Was (Not Was) – Papa Was A Rolling Stone". Swiss Singles Chart.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Preceded by Billboard Hot 100 number one single (The Temptations version)
December 2, 1972 (one week)		 Succeeded by
"I Am Woman" by Helen Reddy
Retrieved from "https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Papa_Was_a_Rollin%27_Stone&oldid=3565005"