Piperales

Piperales
Piper aduncum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Magnoliids
Order:	Piperales Bercht. & J.Presl
Families
Aristolochiaceae Hydnoraceae Lactoridaceae Piperaceae Saururaceae

Piperales is a botanical name for an order of flowering plants. It necessarily includes the family Piperaceae but otherwise has been treated variously over time. Well-known plants which may be included in this order include black pepper, kava, lizard's tail, birthwort, and wild ginger.

Classification

APG system

In the APG III system, of 2009, this order is placed in the clade magnoliids and is circumscribed as follows:

order Piperales family Aristolochiaceae family Hydnoraceae family Lactoridaceae family Piperaceae family Saururaceae	Magnoliids Canellales Piperales Aristolochiaceae Hydnoraceae Lactoridaceae Piperaceae Saururaceae Laurales Magnoliales
The current composition and phylogeny of the Piperales.

This is an expansion from the APG system, of 1998, which used the same placement (in the magnoliids) but used this circumscription:

• order Piperales

  family Aristolochiaceae

  family Lactoridaceae

  family Piperaceae

  family Saururaceae

Lactoridaceae is now no longer maintained; its sole genus Lactoris is placed in Aristolochiaceae.

Earlier systems

The Cronquist system, of 1981, placed the order in the subclass Magnoliidae of class Magnoliopsida [=dicotyledons] and used this circumscription:

• order Piperales

  family Chloranthaceae

  family Piperaceae

  family Saururaceae

The Engler system, in its update of 1964, placed the order in subclassis Archichlamydeae in class Dicotyledoneae [=dicotyledons] and used this circumscription:

• order Piperales

  family Chloranthaceae

  family Lactoridaceae

  family Piperaceae

  family Saururaceae

The Wettstein system, latest version published in 1935, assigned the order to the Monochlamydeae in subclass Choripetalae of class Dicotyledones. It used the circumscription:

• order Piperales

  family Piperaceae