Poronaysk
| Poronaysk (English) Поронайск (Russian) |
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.svg) Location of Sakhalin Oblast in Russia |
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 Poronaysk
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| Administrative status (as of December 2011) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Sakhalin Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Poronaysky District[1] |
| Administrative center of | Poronaysky District[1] |
| Municipal status (as of July 2012) | |
| Urban okrug | Poronaysky Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Poronaysky Urban Okrug[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 16,120 inhabitants[3] |
| Time zone | VLAT (UTC+10:00)[4] |
| Founded | 1869[citation needed] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 42431[5] |
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| [[:commons:Category:{{#property:Commons category}}|Poronaysk]] on Wikimedia Commons | |
Poronaysk (Russian: Порона́йск; Japanese: 敷香, Shisuka; Ainu: Sistukari or Sisi Tukari[6]) is a town and the administrative center of Poronaysky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, located on the Poronay River 288 kilometers (179 mi) north of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Population: 16,120 (2010 Census);[3] 17,954 (2002 Census);[7] 25,971 (1989 Census).[8]
Contents
History
It was founded in 1869 as a Russian outpost Tikhmenevsky near the Nivkh and Ainu settlements in the area.[citation needed] The Treaty of Portsmouth transferred it to Japanese control along with the rest of the southern half of the island of Sakhalin. It was renamed Shikuka (敷香?), remaining under Japanese control until the Soviet Army retook the whole of the island in 1945.
After the town had been granted to the Soviet Union, it was named Poronaysk in 1946, after the river on which it stands. The river's name is from Ainu poro nay, meaning Broad River, Big River, or Growing River.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Poronaysk serves as the administrative center of Poronaysky District and is subordinated to it.[1] As a municipal division, the town of Poronaysk, one urban-type settlement, and eleven rural localities of Poronaysky District are incorporated as Poronaysky Urban Okrug.[2]
Economy
Poronaysk has a paper mill, as well as timber and fishing industries. Sakhalinskaya GRES power station is supplied with coal from an open cut mine close to the town.
Transportation
The town lies on the island's railway network, as well as on the main highway connecting Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk with Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky.
Climate
Poronaysk, owing to the cold Sea of Okhotsk surrounding the town, has a subarctic climate (Dfc) with short, mild and very foggy summers and very cold winters.
| Climate data for Poronaysk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 2.0 (35.6) |
5.1 (41.2) |
12.7 (54.9) |
19.2 (66.6) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.9 (93) |
36.2 (97.2) |
33.0 (91.4) |
28.9 (84) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.1 (61) |
8.4 (47.1) |
36.2 (97.2) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −12.5 (9.5) |
−9 (16) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
3.5 (38.3) |
8.4 (47.1) |
12.5 (54.5) |
16.8 (62.2) |
19.3 (66.7) |
16.2 (61.2) |
9.5 (49.1) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−8.9 (16) |
4.2 (39.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −17.2 (1) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−7.8 (18) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
4.4 (39.9) |
8.9 (48) |
13.6 (56.5) |
15.6 (60.1) |
12.1 (53.8) |
5.0 (41) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
−13.6 (7.5) |
0.1 (32.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −22 (−8) |
−19.8 (−3.6) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−3.9 (25) |
1.0 (33.8) |
5.8 (42.4) |
10.7 (51.3) |
12.4 (54.3) |
7.9 (46.2) |
0.5 (32.9) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−18 (0) |
−4 (25) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −39.8 (−39.6) |
−39.1 (−38.4) |
−34.2 (−29.6) |
−23.5 (−10.3) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
0.3 (32.5) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−13.2 (8.2) |
−29.8 (−21.6) |
−35.4 (−31.7) |
−39.8 (−39.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 21.1 (0.831) |
20.7 (0.815) |
32.6 (1.283) |
47.8 (1.882) |
68.7 (2.705) |
70.5 (2.776) |
85.1 (3.35) |
99.0 (3.898) |
125.8 (4.953) |
82.2 (3.236) |
55.5 (2.185) |
32.5 (1.28) |
740.3 (29.146) |
| Source #1: Thermo-Karelia | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: World Climate | |||||||||||||
Sister city
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Law #25-ZO
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Law #524
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Телефонные коды Сахалина - Dialing codes of Sakhalin (Russian)
- ↑ Bronisław Piłsudski, Jan Michał Rozwadowski, Materials for the study of the Ainu language and folklore, Imperial academy of sciences (Spasowicz fund), 1912, p. 177.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ The Russian presence in Japan
Sources
- Сахалинская областная Дума. Закон №25-ЗО от 23 марта 2011 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Сахалинской области», в ред. Закона №62-ЗО от 27 июня 2013 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 10 Закона Сахалинской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Сахалинской области"». Вступил в силу 9 апреля 2011 г.. Опубликован: "Губернские ведомости", №55(3742), 29 марта 2011 г. (Sakhalin Oblast Duma. Law #25-ZO of March 23, 2011 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Sakhalin Oblast, as amended by the Law #62-ZO of June 27, 2013 On Amending Article 10 of the Law of Sakhalin Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Sakhalin Oblast". Effective as of April 9, 2011.).
- Сахалинская областная Дума. Закон №524 от 21 июля 2004 г. «О границах и статусе муниципальных образований в Сахалинской области», в ред. Закона №45-ЗО от 27 мая 2013 г. «О внесении изменения в Закон Сахалинской области "О границах и статусе муниципальных образований в Сахалинской области"». Вступил в силу 1 января 2005 г. Опубликован: "Губернские ведомости", №175–176(2111–2112), 31 июля 2004 г. (Sakhalin Oblast Duma. Law #524 of July 21, 2004 On the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations in Sakhalin Oblast, as amended by the Law #45-ZO of May 27, 2013 On Amending the Law of Sakhalin Oblast "On the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations in Sakhalin Oblast". Effective as of January 1, 2005.).
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