Princess Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark

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Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark
File:Kurfürstin Wilhelmine Caroline von Hessen-Kassel.jpg
Portrait by August von der Embde, 1818
Landgravine consort of Hesse-Kassel
Electress consort of Hesse
Tenure 1785 – 1820
Born (1747-07-10)10 July 1747
Christiansborg Palace, Copenhagen, Denmark
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
Kassel, Germany
Spouse William I, Elector of Hesse
Issue Maria Frederica, Duchess of Anhalt-Bernburg
Caroline Amalie, Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
Frederick
William II, Elector of Hesse
Full name
Danish: Vilhelmina Caroline
House Oldenburg
Father Frederick V of Denmark
Mother Louise of Great Britain

Princess Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark (Danish: Vilhelmina Karoline, German: Wilhelmina Karolina) (10 July 1747 in Christiansborg Palace, Copenhagen – 14 January 1820 in Kassel, was the Electress of Hesse-Kassel.

Biography

Princess Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark, electress of Hesse-Kassel.

She was one of the daughters of King Frederick V of Denmark (1723–1766), and his first wife Louise (1724–1751), daughter of King George II of Great Britain.

At Christiansborg Palace on 1 September 1764 she married Prince William of Hesse, Count of Hanau, one of the wealthiest rulers of the period. Wilhelmina and William had grown up together and played together as children, as William had been evacuated to the Danish court during the Seven Years' War (1755–63), and it was decided early on that they should marry when they became adults. The couple settled in Hanau.

File:The family of william i elector of hesse.JPG
William IX, his wife, Wilhelmine Caroline of Denmark, and their children, Wilhelm, Friederika and Caroline. Painting by Wilhelm Böttner, 1791.

William succeeded in 1785 as Landgrave William IX of Hesse and in 1803 was raised to the rank of Elector of Hesse-Kassel as William I. The marriage was unhappy: her spouse was unfaithful and had many lovers, notably Karoline von Schlotheim, whom he had appointed Countess of Hessenstein. Caroline herself was described as beautiful, distant, kind and sympathetic; in 1804, she still spoke Danish without accent and had a strong attachment to her birth country.

In 1806, Hesse was occupied by France. Her spouse and son fled to her brother-in-law Charles of Hesse in Schleswig, but she remained until a French governor was installed, after which she moved to her daughter Amalie in Gotha.[1] She spent the duration of the Kingdom of Westphalia (1806–13) in exile, among other places in Schleswig and in Prague. In 1813, the spouses returned to Kassel.

Issue

Ancestry

Family of Princess Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. Christian V of Denmark
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. Frederick IV of Denmark
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17. Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4. Christian VI of Denmark
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18. Duke Gustav Adolf of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19. Princess Magdalene Sibylle of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. Frederick V of Denmark
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20. Margrave Georg Albrecht of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10. Margrave Christian Heinrich of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21. Princess Marie Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. Sophia Magdalen of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22. Count Albert Frederick of Wolfstein
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11. Countess Sophie Christiane of Wolfstein
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23. Sophia Louise of Castell-Remlingen
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark and Norway
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24. Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12. George I of Great Britain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. Countess Palatine Sophia of Simmern
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. George II of Great Britain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26. George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. Sophia Dorothea of Celle
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. Eleonore Desmier d'Olbreuse
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. Louise of Great Britain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28. Albrecht V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. Johann Friedrich, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29. Countess Sophia Margaret of Oettingen-Oettingen
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30. John George I, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15. Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31. Countess Johanetta of Sayn-Wittgenstein
 
 
 
 
 
 

References

Notes

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Princess Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark
Born: 10 July 1747 Died: 14 January 1820
German royalty
Preceded by Landgravine consort of Hesse-Kassel
31 October 1785 – 1803
Title abolished
Title created Electress consort of Hesse
1803 – 14 January 1820
Vacant
Title next held by
Augusta of Prussia

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