Quinn brothers' killings

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File:Quinn brothers.jpg.png
The Quinn brothers. Left to right: Jason, Mark, Richard

Jason, Richard and Mark Quinn were three brothers killed by the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) in a firebomb attack on their home in Ballymoney, County Antrim, Northern Ireland on 12 July 1998. The attack was related to the Drumcree conflict.

Background

A loyalist mural in Carnany

The Quinn family, consisting of mother Chrissie and sons Richard, Mark and Jason, lived in the Carnany estate in the predominantly Protestant town of Ballymoney. The family was of a mixed religious background. Mother Chrissie was Roman Catholic from a mixed background and the boys' father Jim Dillon was Catholic. After separating from her estranged husband, Chrissie reared the boys as Protestant "to avoid the hassle".[1] Chrissie lived with her Protestant partner Raymond Craig in Carnany which had only a few Catholic residents and was mostly Protestant, reflecting the religious make-up of Ballymoney itself. The boys, aged 9, 10 and 11, attended a local state school and on the evening before their deaths had been helping to build the estate's Eleventh Night loyalist bonfire.[1] A fourth brother, Lee, was staying with his grandmother in Rasharkin at the time of the attack.

The entrance to Carnany

The killings took place at the height of the stand-off over the Orange Order march at Drumcree, which created a tense atmosphere in various towns across Northern Ireland. In Ballymoney, the previous year, an off-duty Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) officer, Gregory Taylor, was beaten to death by a group of loyalist bandsmen.The killing followed a row about the RUC's position after loyal order marches had been banned from the nearby nationalist village of Dunloy.[2] In the weeks before the fatal attack, the children's mother Chrissie had expressed fear that she wasn't welcome in the area and that there was a possibility the family home might be attacked by loyalists.[3] The Ballymoney Times reported a story the week of the deaths, stating that a resident of the Carnany estate called in and was concerned about tension in the area adding something serious might happen "unless Catholic residents were left alone".[4] Various members of Chrissie's family had lived in Carnany but due to several incidents only Chrissie and her sons remained. The family had only been living in the home, which was previously occupied by the boys' aunt, for six days before the attack.

The attack

The attack occurred at around half past four in the morning as the inhabitants of the house slept. A car containing members of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), a loyalist paramilitary organisation, arrived at the house and threw a petrol bomb through a window at the rear of the house. The petrol bomb was made from a whiskey bottle.[5] The sounds of the boys' shouting had woken their mother, who found her bedroom full of smoke. Chrissie Quinn, Raymond Craig and a family friend Christina Archibald escaped the resulting fire with minor injuries. Chrissie had thought the boys had escaped the fire as she couldn't locate them in the dense smoke before she jumped to safety from a first floor window. Two of the brother's bodies were found in their mother's bedroom and the other in another bedroom.[6] Chrissie was taken to hospital and released the next day after receiving minor injuries and shock in the attack. It is believed that the attack was a misunderstanding and that the members of the UVF (Ulster Volunteer Force) had not known the Quinn brothers' were inside the house.

Reaction

The M.P. for the area, Dr. Ian Paisley, visited the site of the attack and described the killings as "diabolical", "repugnant" and it "stained Protestantism".[7] However, in an interview with ITN he stated that "The IRA have carried out worse murders than we had in Ballymoney over and over again".[8]

Then British Prime Minister Tony Blair denounced the attack as "an act of barbarism".[4]

Reaction from America was also noted as United States President Bill Clinton extended the condolences of the American people to the Quinn family.[9]

Massachusetts Senator Edward Kennedy condemned the killings and stated "The Orange Order must recognize that its refusal to abide by the decision of the Parades Commission led to the murder of the Quinn boys".[9]

New York mayor Rudy Giuliani extended sympathy to the family from the city of New York.[9]

Representatives of other groups from all sides of the constitutional issue in Northern Ireland also condemned the killings.[10]

The then Chelsea F.C. chairman, Ken Bates, offered a £100,000 reward for information leading to a conviction for the attackers.[11]

At the brothers' Requiem Mass, the bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Down and Connor, Dr. Walsh observed that "For all too long the airwaves and the printed page have been saturated with noises – strident, harsh, discordant noises – carrying words of hatred, of incitement, of recrimination, words not found in the vocabulary of Christianity. But the time for words is over. It's now time for silence, a silence in which we will hear the voice of God."

Irish Taoiseach Bertie Ahern attended a memorial mass in Dublin for the children.[12]

The Progressive Unionist Party, which has political links to the UVF, made no comment that the UVF was implicated in the attack.[13]

Conviction of Garfield Gilmour

Garfield Gilmour, a local loyalist, was found guilty of murder for his part in the attack and sentenced to life imprisonment in October 1999. He had driven the car which had transported the UVF unit containing Johnny McKay, brothers Raymond and Ivan Parke[14] to the Quinn home.[10] Gilmour was described at his trial as a hard working, farm machinery salesman who came from a middle-class background who was unwillingly part of the attack which killed the Quinn brothers. The judge described Gilmour as an "accomplished liar".[15] Gilmour and his girlfriend Christina Lofthouse alleged that an uncle of the Quinn boys, Colm Quinn, had approached their daughter offering her a sweet, knowing it was a small piece of cannabis. Colm Quinn confirmed that the couple had made allegations against him previously that he was a drug dealer. He then had to flee the Carnany estate. However, returning to his old house three months before the fatal attack on his nephews, Quinn claimed he was confronted by Gilmour again and was warned he was "going to be sorted out".[5]

The Orange Order released a press statement a year after the attack, stating, "According to today's judgment the murders were a combination of a sectarian attack by the UVF and a personal grudge between Gilmour and the uncle of the three boys," and voiced the "Order's absolute commitment to ensuring that justice is done for their family."[16]

Gilmour had named the three alleged petrol bombers he had driven to the Quinn family home, but these men were never charged due to a lack of concrete evidence.[17]

Gilmour's conviction for murder was reduced to manslaughter on appeal on 5 June 2000 and he was released six years later.[18]Nine days later, his life sentence was replaced by a fixed prison sentence of 14 years.[19]

Aftermath

After being released from hospital Chrissie Quinn returned to her mother's native Rasharkin to live and decided to have the boys buried there. The boys were buried two days later in St Mary's cemetery in Rasharkin after requiem Mass. Thousands of both Catholics and Protestants attended the funeral.[7]

A number of loyalist bands defied RUC requests not to play music while marching past the boy's grandmother's house in the days after the killings.[8]

In April 1999 the former home of the boys in Carnany Park was demolished and replaced with a children's play park as a memorial.[8]

An uncle of the boys, Frankie Quinn, appeared in court in 2007 accused of stabbing Garfield Gilmour in Ballymoney. Quinn was successful in an application for bail.[20]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Three little boys were dead" An Phoblacht 16 July 1998 Retrieved 13 November 2012
  2. ↑ "A chronology of the conflict 1997 CAIN
  3. ↑ Black Sunday People.com 25 July 1998 Retrieved 15 March 2012
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 It's ten years since the death of the Quinn boys Ballymoney Times 24 July 2008 Retrieved 15 March 2012
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Life three times over for brothers murder" Independent.ie" 30 October 1999 Retrieved 13 November 2012
  6. ↑ "Distraught mother flees petrol bomb trial" The Guardian 8 September 1999 Retrieved 13 November 2012
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 David McKittrick et al, Lost Lives, Mainstream Publishing, 2008, p. 1435 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "lives" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "lives" defined multiple times with different content
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "President decries deaths of Quinn brothers" The Irish Echo online
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ [1] "Irish Examiner Archives" July 11, 1998 Retrieved 11 April 2012
  12. ↑ "Ahern attends mass for Quinn brothers" BBC News 18 July 1998
  13. ↑ "The murders that shocked Northern Ireland" BBC News 29 October 1999 Retrieved 15 March 2012
  14. ↑ "Death, denial and Ballymoney" An Phoblacht 4 November 1999 Retrieved 13 November 2012
  15. ↑ "Gilmour the boy who fell in with a bad crowd" The Free Library.com
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ [2]
  18. ↑ [3]
  19. ↑ [4]
  20. ↑ "Bail for accused in stabbing case" Ballymoney Times 9 February 2007 Retrieved 13 November 2012

Sources

  • Lost Lives:The stories of the men, women and children who died as a result of the Northern Ireland troubles, David McKittrick, Seamus Kelters, Brian Feeney and Christ Thornton, pp. 1434–1436. ISBN 9 781840 182279.
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