Regent Terrace

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File:Regent Terrace Edinburgh3.JPG
Regent Terrace

Regent Terrace is a residential street of 34 classical 3-bay townhouses built on the tail of Calton Hill in the city of Edinburgh, Scotland. Regent Terrace is within the Edinburgh New and Old Town UNESCO World Heritage Site inscribed in 1995.[1][2]

Houses

The name Regent Terrace was used because of the visit to Edinburgh in 1822 of George IV who had been Prince Regent until 1820 during the illness of his father George III. The terrace was designed by the architect William Playfair in 1825 and built between 1826 and 1833.[3] Playfair designed Regent, Royal and Carlton Terraces at the same time as part of an Eastern extension to the New Town[4] that was planned to be even more magnificent than Craig's original New Town.[5] Playfair hoped to attract the “fashionable and wealthy people” to Regent Terrace.[5] The houses are all category A listed buildings.[3]

File:Plaque 28 Regent Terrace Edinburgh.JPG
Plaque on the wall outside number 28 Regent Terrace

The houses were built as a terrace on the north side of the street, stepped down at intervals following the slope of the road. Originally, eighteen houses were of two stories and basement (although many have added a full third storey or attic) while the remaining sixteen houses were three stories and basement. The front elevation features continuous cast-iron trellis balconies while each house has a porch with fluted attached Greek Doric columns.[3][5] The terrace faces Holyrood Park, Arthur's Seat, Holyrood Palace, the Old Town and the Scottish Parliament building. The houses in the terrace are a mixture of tenures — most are privately owned and occupied but some are rented as holiday accommodation. Some of the houses in the terrace have been split into flats.

Number 3 Regent Terrace has been the United States Consulate since 1951.[6] Number 28 was originally the Free French House and was opened by General de Gaulle in 1942. Later it became the French Consulate and then the home of the French consul-general.[7] Number 32 was the home of the Norwegian consul-general until 2008.[7] The Western end of Regent Terrace was closed in 2001 to traffic because of security concerns about the United States Consulate.[8]

House prices

Number 6 Regent Terrace was sold for ₤1,500 in 1831 and ₤2,700 in 1877.[7] Prices then dropped as low as ₤1,000 before World War II and rose to ₤2,000 at the end of the war, ₤4,000 by the mid 1950s, ₤400,000 in 1993[7] and over ₤2,000,000 in 2008.[9]

People

The first resident was Isaac Bayley, a solicitor in the Supreme Courts of Scotland, who occupied number 13 Regent Terrace in 1826.[7] Bayely's father-in-law Dr. George Husband Baird, principal of Edinburgh University, also lived there towards the end of his life.[7] Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême (the elder son of Charles X of France, last king of the House of Bourbon and hence the last Dauphin of France) and his wife Madame Royale, (the daughter of Louis XVI of France and Marie Antoinette), moved into what is now 22 (then 21) Regent Terrace in 1830.[7][10][11] The widowed duchesse de Berry, sister in law of the Duke of Angoulême, also lived at what is now 12 (then 11) Regent Terrace at that time.[12][11] Her young son, Henri, Count of Chambord grandson of Charles X and next in line after the Duke of Angoulême,[12] is said to have wept bitterly when his family left for Austria in 1832 as he had become very attached to Scotland.[7]

The painter Sir George Harvey lived at 21 Regent Terrace from 1854 to 1876. Sir George was one of the founders of the Royal Scottish Academy, was elected president in 1864 and was knighted in 1867.[7] Sir James Puckering Gibson 1st Baronet of Regent Terrace was Lord Provost of Edinburgh from 1906 to 1909 and represented Edinburgh East in the House of Commons as a Liberal between 1909 and 1912. He lived at 33 Regent Terrace from 1880 and was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 23 November 1909.[13] Sir James had no children so when he died in 1812 his title became extinct.[7] The painter Francis Cadell, one of the Scottish Colourists, lived in 30 Regent Terrace from 1930-1935.[7][14] Lady Margaret Sackville, daughter of Reginald Windsor Sackville, 7th Earl De La Warr, and second cousin of Vita Sackville-West lived at 30 Regent Terrace from 1930-1932.[7] Sir George Dick-Lauder, 10th Baronet, an Indian Civil Service Administrator, lived at 16 Regent Terrace and died there in 1936.[15][16] Queen Mary used to visit Sir Hew Hamilton Dalrymple KCVO at Number 24.[7] Sir Hew, brother of the Earl of Stair, Member of Parliament for Wigtownshire and Captain of the Royal Company of Archers, the King's Bodyguard for Scotland, lived there until he died in 1945.[7] John Murray, 9th Earl of Dunmore lived at 14 Regent Terrace until his death in 1980.[17][18]

The author and mathematician Ann Mitchell, who worked at Bletchley Park during World War II on the German Enigma cypher machines,[19] lived for forty years at number 20 Regent Terrace.[7] Sir Peter Maxwell-Davies, composer, conductor and Master of the Queen's Music, lived at 13 Regent Terrace until 2000.[20] The actor Sean Connery and the Argentinian footballer Claudio Caniggia reportedly bid for 17 Regent Terrace in 2001 but neither succeeded in buying it[10] The diplomat Sir James Marjoribanks lived at 13 Regent Terrace.[21] from 1966 until his death in 2003. Sir James was British Ambassador to the European Economic Community, presented Britain's application to join the European Community in 1967 and was instrumental in this application becoming successful.[22][23] Sir Robert Russell Hillhouse, KCB, Permanent Under-Secretary of State, Scottish Office[24][25] (head of the Scottish Civil Service[26]), was living at 19 Regent Terrace in 2003.[27]

Listed by Address

References

  1. ↑ Newspaper article mentioning the World Heritage Status of Regent Terrace, Howarth, Angus, "UN to investigate capital's wheelie bins", The Scotsman 2004-04-30. Accessed 2009-08-09
  2. ↑ UNESCO World Heritage Site Inscription Accessed 2009-08-10
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Listed Building report for 1 Regent Terrace by Edinburgh City Council Accessed 2009-08-09
  4. ↑ Report on The New Town Conservation Area by Edinburgh Town Council Accessed 2009-08-10
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Youngson, A.J. (2001): “The Companion Guide to Edinburgh and the borders”, Chapter 9 (Calton Hill), Polygon Books, Edinburgh, UK, ISBN 0-7486-6307-X
  6. ↑ Consulate of the United States, Edinburgh, UK - Consulate History Accessed 16 October 2011
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 Mitchell , Anne (1993), “The People of Calton Hill”, Mercat Press, James Thin, Edinburgh, ISBN 1-873644-18-3.
  8. ↑ Edinburgh City Council Traffic Regulation Order to make temporary closure since 2001 permanent Accessed 2009-08-09
  9. ↑ Sold House prices for Regent Terrace Accessed 2009-08-09
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Newspaper article on sale of 21 Regent Terrace Diggines, Graham "For sale: tragic royals bolthole", The Scotsman, 2002-02-09 Accessed 2009-08-09
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Mackenzie-Stuart, A.J., (1995), “A French King at Holyrood” John Donald Publishers Ltd., Edinburgh, ISBN 0-85976-413-3
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ The Baronetage of England, Ireland, Nova Scotia, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Leigh Rayment Accessed 2009-09-07
  14. ↑ Painting "30 Regent Terrace" by Frances Cadell (1934) Accessed 2009-08-06
  15. ↑ "Scottish Baronet Dead Sir George Dick-Lauder", The Scotsman, 1936-05-08
  16. ↑ "Executry Notice - All persons having claims against the estate of the late Sir George William Dalrymple Dick Lauder, Bart., who resided at 16 Regent Terrace..", The Scotsman, 1936-05-20
  17. ↑ John Murray, 9th Earl of Dunmore Accessed 2009-08-09
  18. ↑ Dunmore Family papers Accessed 2009-09-07
  19. ↑ (12 May 2001) Gran and her secret work on Nazi codes The Scotsman, Retrieved 8 November 2013
  20. ↑ Official website of Sir Peter Maxwell-Davies Accessed 2009-08-09
  21. ↑ Dewar, Peter Beauclerk (2001): “Burke's landed gentry of Great Britain: together with members of the titled and non-titled contemporary establishment”, p.1409, Burke's Peerage & Gentry, UK, ISBN 978-0-9711966-0-5 Book Preview Accessed December 08 2009
  22. ↑ “James Marjoribanks” (Obituary), The Herald, February 01, 2002.
  23. ↑ “Sir James Marjoribanks” (Obituary), The Scotsman, February 04, 2002. Retrieved on December 10, 2009.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

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