Romanian passport

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Romanian passport
Pasaport of Romania
The front cover of a contemporary Romanian biometric passport (since 2011)
File:ROUpassportbiodata.png
The data page of a contemporary Romanian biometric passport
Issued by  Romania
Type of document Passport
Eligibility requirements Romanian citizenship

Romanian passport is an international travel document issued to nationals of Romania, and may also serve as proof of Romanian citizenship. Besides enabling the bearer to travel internationally and serving as indication of Romanian citizenship, the passport facilitates the process of securing assistance from Romanian consular officials abroad or other European Union member states in case a Romanian consular is absent, if needed.

According to the 2014 Visa Restrictions Index, Romanian citizens can visit 148 countries without a visa or with a visa granted on arrival. Romanian citizens can live and work in any country within the EU as a result of the right of free movement and residence granted in Article 21 of the EU Treaty.[1]

Every Romanian citizen is also a citizen of the European Union. The passport, along with the national identity card allows for free rights of movement and residence in any of the states of the European Union and European Economic Area.

The types of passports are:

  • Diplomatic
  • Business
  • Simple (biometric): valid for 5 years (3 years for minors under 6 years of age)
  • Simple (temporary): valid for 1 year, issued as an emergency travel document.

Romania has begun issuing its biometric passport on 31 December 2008.[8]

History

1951 Cold-War Romanian passport used by the Ambassador stationed in North Korea

The term for passport - name still in use today, which describe the general document travel under which Romanian travelers can travel beyond the borders of the Danube and the Habsburg Empire - first appears regulated in the Organic Regulations, which came into force in 1830 in Moldova and 1831 in Romanian Country. According to historical data, travelers were required to show a passport at the border of Wallachia both the consulate, and ravaged by road. Foreigners arrived in the country had to have a visa Romanian consulate, which was present at Agie, where passports are then released which could move anywhere in the country.[2]

A historic milestone in the evolution of Romanian passport was the promulgation, on 19 March 1912 by King Carol I, the first modern laws related to passports. Thus, the "Law on paspoartelor" Romanian state introduced the first general principles regarding passports and border crossing mandatory for authorities and citizens. The law was structured XI articles, passport thus becoming national legal instruments needed to be used when Romanians traveling abroad.

Liberate the Ministry of Interior and county prefects, "paspoartele" were issued in the name of King and had small portable card format "size 9 cm 13 cm, is,, composed of 20 pages numbered." Each page had framed,, a fund composed of national reasons, in light lilac color, making apparent to stand above the coat of arms and having the word "Romania", and below the word "Pasport".[3]

Evolution of the passports continued in the period before and during the Second World War, when new types of ordinary passports, service and diplomatic were introduced, some distinguished by a special technique of fastening (sticking, Stitching) tabs of covers, which create a fan effect.[4]

Romanian People's Republic

Political and social changes occurring with the proclamation on 30 December 1947 of the Romanian People's Republic led authorities at the time to introduce into circulation passports with a new name of the state and a new heraldic.

Modern period

After the Romanian Revolution of 1989 and the collapse of the communist bloc Romanian authorities opened the country's borders, which led to an exodus of Romanian citizens wishing to travel abroad.[5]

It was necessary that the organs with attributions issuing passports to circulate the Romanian travel documents to be aligned with international standards to be similar to those issued by other states. Thus, in accordance with Government Decision no. 757 of 30.12.1993, starting June 1994, was introduced into circulation a new model of Romanian passport simple first Romanian travel document issued in accordance with international standards.[6]

On 21.01.2002, the Romanian government introduced a new type of passport in a decision taken due to exacerbation of migration and the need to ensure greater security of documents, as in use European and international level at the time.

Like most countries in Southeast Europe, Romania has committed itself in the process of accession to the EU, assuming certain responsibilities in order to comply, just as member countries, rules and requirements designed to compete in a safe lifestyle, this signifying and harmonization of legislation and issuing travel documents to comply with international and European. The adoption on 20 July 2005, Law no. 248 on the free movement of Romanian citizens abroad held in conditions that Romanian citizens could exercise their right of free movement abroad and the limits of this right.

Application

The Ministry of Interior and Administrative Reform, through the Community Public Service of Issuance and Registration of Simple Passports (Serviciul Public Comunitar pentru Eliberarea şi Evidenţa Paşapoartelor Simple), is responsible for the issuance and renewal of Romanian passports.

Description

Regular Romanian EU passports are burgundy red in color, with the Romania Coat of Arms emblazoned in the center of the front cover. The words "European Union", "Romania", and "passport" are inscribed above and below the coat of arms (in Romanian). The information page identifying the bearer and the issuing authority is on the first page, not numbered (the Romanian passport contains 32 pages, information written on the 32nd page of the passport). On the last page, the bearer fills in information regarding contact person (persons) in case of emergency. On the third cover (the inner back cover) there are instructions for the bearer how to use and how not to use the passport.

The carte de identitate can now be used to travel within the European Union.

Identity Information Page

The Romanian Passport includes the following data:

  • Photo of Passport Holder
  • Type (P)
  • Country Code (ROU)
  • Passport No.
  • Surname
  • Given Names
  • Nationality
  • Date of Birth
  • Personal No.
  • Sex
  • Place of Birth
  • Date of Issue
  • Date of Expiry
  • Authority
  • Holder's Signature

The information page ends with the Machine Readable Zone. The data page/information page is printed in Romanian, English and French.

Visa requirements

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Main article: Visa requirements for Romanian citizens
  Romania (right of abode)
  Freedom of movement (conditions apply) or no controls
  Visa-free access or visa available on arrival free of charge
  Pay for a visa available on arrival / departure tax
  Online visa
  Pre-arrival visa required
  Special permit required, restricted access or unclear/undefined visa regime

As of 2015, Romanian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 149 countries and territories, thus ranking the Romanian passport 19th in the world (second lowest ranking of all EU member states; Croatia has the lowest ranking of all EU member states).[7]

Foreign travel statistics

According to the statistics these are the numbers of Romanian visitors to various countries per annum in 2014:

Foreign travel statistics
Destination Number of visitors
 Austria[8] 264,704
 Belgium[9] 41,630
 Bulgaria[10] 1,439,853
 Croatia[11] 63,000
 Cyprus[12] 18,161
 Greece[note 1][13] 278,873
 Hungary[note 2][14] 230,436
 Macedonia[15] 7,142
 Moldova[16] 22,624
 Montenegro[17] 16,112
 New Zealand[18] 1,188
 Poland[19] 38,112
 Russia[20] 30,886
 Serbia[21] 36,959
 Seychelles[note 3][22] 942
 Slovakia[23] 22,756
 Slovenia[24] 25,730
 Turkey[25] 426,585
 Ukraine[26] 584,774
 United Kingdom[27] 471,411
 United States[note 1][28] 63,051
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Data for 2013
  2. ↑ Counting only visitors staying overnight in official accommodation.
  3. ↑ Data for 2015

Gallery of historic images

  • Kingdom of Romania
    Romanian Passport (cca. 1922 - 1947)
  • RF - Romanian Passport (1987).jpg
    Socialist Republic Romanian Passport (issued in August 1987)
  • Pre-EU
    Romanian Passport (non-biometric) (cca. 2002 - 2008)
  • EU Romanian Biometric Passport (2009 - 2010)

See also

References

  1. ↑ Treaty on the Function of the European Union (consolidated version)
  2. ↑ REPERE EVOLUTIVE ALE ISTORIEI PASAPOARTELOR ROMANESTI
  3. ↑ REPERE EVOLUTIVE ALE ISTORIEI PASAPOARTELOR ROMANESTI
  4. ↑ REPERE EVOLUTIVE ALE ISTORIEI PASAPOARTELOR ROMANESTI
  5. ↑ REPERE EVOLUTIVE ALE ISTORIEI PASAPOARTELOR ROMANESTI
  6. ↑ REPERE EVOLUTIVE ALE ISTORIEI PASAPOARTELOR ROMANESTI
  7. ↑ [1]
  8. ↑ Tourismus in Österreich 2014
  9. ↑ Tourisme selon pays de provenance 2014
  10. ↑ ARRIVALS OF VISIORS FROM ABROAD TO BULGARIA BY MONTHS AND BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN IN 2014
  11. ↑ Tourism in Figures 2014
  12. ↑ ARRIVALS OF TOURISTS BY COUNTRY OF USUAL RESIDENCE
  13. ↑ [2]
  14. ↑ Tourism in Hungary 2014
  15. ↑ Statistical review: Transport, tourism and other services
  16. ↑ [3]
  17. ↑ Table 4. Foreign tourist arrivals and overnight stays by countries, 2014
  18. ↑ Immigration New Zealand statistics - A1b - Arrivals by month
  19. ↑ Overnight stays in accommodation establishments in 2014 (PDF file, direct download 8.75 MB), Główny Urząd Statystyczny (Central Statistical Office (Poland)), pp. 174–177 / 254. Warsaw 2015.
  20. ↑ http://www.russiatourism.ru/contents/statistika/statisticheskie-pokazateli-vzaimnykh-poezdok-grazhdan-rossiyskoy-federatsii-i-grazhdan-inostrannykh-gosudarstv/strany-lidiruyushchie-po-kolichestvu-pribytiy-na-territoriyu-rossiyskoy-federatsii/
  21. ↑ Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Serbia – Tourism, 2015
  22. ↑ [4]
  23. ↑ [5]
  24. ↑ Slovenian Tourism in Numbers 2014
  25. ↑ Border Statistics 2014
  26. ↑ Foreign citizens who visited Ukraine in 2014 year, by countries
  27. ↑ [6]
  28. ↑ [7]

External links

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