Saint-Calais

Saint-Calais
Saint-Calais
Location within Pays de la Loire region Saint-Calais
Coordinates:
Country	France
Region	Pays de la Loire
Department	Sarthe
Arrondissement	Mamers
Canton	Saint-Calais (chef-lieu)
Intercommunality	Communauté de communes du Pays Calaisien
Government
• Mayor (2008–2014)	Michel Letellier
Area1	22.76 km2 (8.79 sq mi)
Population (2006)2	3,589
• Density	160/km2 (410/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code	72269 / 72120
Elevation	87–163 m (285–535 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Saint-Calais is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays-de-la-Loire in north-western France.

Prior to the French Revolution it was known for its Benedictine abbey named after the Anisola stream (modern Aniole, a tributary of the Braye). Saint-Calais is a later name coming from one of the local saints of the Perche area. William of St. Calais, a product of this monastery, was a post-conquest bishop of Durham. There are no remains of the Abbey, which was a principal land-owner in the vicinity. The existing parish church has a fine Renaissance facade. The Aniole was dammed by the monks, thereby retaining a significant lake area.

Reaction against monastic landowners and the relative proximity to Paris (under twenty-four hours by stage-coach) conditioned the nineteenth century politics of the town. The coming of the railways and more recently of the motorway favoured neighbouring La Ferté-Bernard which has grown at the expense of Saint-Calais, which has a population under 4000 and which lost its sous-préfecture status in 1926. The town however retains certain services appropriate to that level, e.g. hospital facilities.

History

Saint-Calais was involved in the 1906 Grand Prix de l'Automobile Club de France, the world's first motoring Grand Prix. The D357 towards Le Mans and the D1 towards Vibraye and La Ferté-Bernard formed two sides of the triangular course.

People

Famous persons from the town include Cardinal Louis-Ernest Dubois, archbishop of Rouen and subsequently archbishop of Paris in the early twentieth century.

See also

• Communes of the Sarthe department

References

• INSEE
• Paul Bois, Paysans de l'ouest
• The Le Mans Charters