Saxifragaceae

Saxifragaceae
File:Foamflower.jpg
Foamflower
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Core eudicots
Order:	Saxifragales
Family:	Saxifragaceae Juss.
Genera
Many, see text.
File:Saxifragaceae Distribution.svg
The range of Saxifragaceae.

Saxifragaceae is a plant family with about 775 known species in 48 genera.

The flowers are hermaphroditic and actinomorphic. They have 4 or 5 petals and 5 or 10 stamens.

Well known species include:

• Bergenia cordifolia
• Saxifraga stellaris
• Saxifraga oppositifolia
• Saxifraga paniculata

Parnassiaceae have sometimes been treated as part of this family, although they are only distantly genetically related.

Genera

As of December 2014, The Plant List accepted 48 genera within the family:

• Astilbe – false goat's-beards
• Astilboides
• Bensoniella – Oregon Bensoniella
• Bergenia
• Bolandra – false coolworts
• Boykinia – brookfoams
• Chrysosplenium – golden-saxifrages
• Conimitella Rydb.
• Darmera – Indian Rhubarb (synonym Peltiphyllum)
• Elmera Rydb.
• Hemieva Raf.
• Heterisia
• Heuchera – Coral Bells
• Hieronymusia
• Hirculus
• Hydatica
• Jepsonia
• Leptarrhena R.Br.
• Leptasea
• Limnobotrya
• Lithophragma – woodlandstars
• Lobaria
• Micranthes Haw.
• Mitella – miterworts
• Mukdenia – mukdenias
• Neoboykinia
• Oreotrys
• Oresitrophe
• Ozomelis
• Pectiantia
• Peltoboykinia
• Rodgersia
• Saniculiphyllum
• Saxifraga – saxifrages
• Saxifragella Engl. (sometimes included in Saxifraga)
• Saxifragodes
• Saxifragopsis Small (sometimes included in Saxifraga)
• Spatularia
• Steiranisia
• Suksdorfia Gray
• Sullivantia Torr. & Gray ex Gray – coolworts
• Tanakaea
• Telesonix Raf.
• Tellima – Fringecups
• Tetilla
• Therofon
• Tiarella – foamflowers
• Tolmiea – Piggyback Plant

Evolution

Saxifragaceae are found mostly in the Northern Hemisphere, with centers of diversity in the Himalayas, East Asia, and Western North America. The greatest diversity is in the Pacific Northwest region of North America.

The family is divided into two main lineages – the saxifragoids, which includes genera Saxifraga and Saxifragella, and the heucheroids, which includes all the other genera. The heucheroids are composed of eight tribes: Darmera (Astilboides, Bergenia, Darmera, Mukdenia, Orestitrope, and Rodgersia), Heuchera (Bensoniella, Conimitella, Elmera, Heuchera, Mitella, Tellima, Tiarella, and Tolmiea), Peltoboykinia (Chrysosplenium and Peltoboykinia), Micranthes (Micranthes), Boykinia (Boykinia, Bolandra, Hieronymusia, Jepsonia, Lithophragma, Sullivantia, Suxdorfia and Telesonix), Saniculphyllum (Saniculphyllum), Leptarrhena (Leptarrhena and Tanakaea), Astilbe (Astilbe and Saxifragopsis), and Cascadia (Cascadia and Saxifragoides).

External links

• Saxifragaceae in Topwalks