Sayn-Altenkirchen

County of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn-Altenkirchen
Grafschaft Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn-Altenkirchen
State of the Holy Roman Empire
1648–1803
Coat of arms
Location of Sayn-Altenkirchen Sayn-Altenkirchen as at 1803
Capital		Altenkirchen
Government		Principality
Historical era		Middle Ages
•	Death of William III of     Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn	1623
•	S-W-S partitioned to     Sayn-Altkirchen and     S-W-Hachenburg	1648
•	Mediatised to     Nassau-Weilburg	1803
Preceded by Succeeded by Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn Nassau-Weilburg

Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn-Altenkirchen (sometimes called Sayn-Altenkirchen) was a German county located in what is now Rhineland-Palatinate, near the Sieg River.

When Count William III of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn died in 1623 without clear heirs, the Archbishop of Cologne occupied the vacant County until the succession was settled. It was settled by treaty in 1648, when the County was given jointly to Princesses Ernestine and Johanette, two sisters who were granddaughters of Count William, and their mother Dowager Countess Louise Juliane made regent. But shortly after the treaty, the County was split between the two. Ernestine's portion was called Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hachenburg (or Sayn-Hachenburg for short), a title which descended through the female line and is now a title of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. Johanette's was Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn-Altenkirchen. Their mother remained regent for both Counties until 1652, when Johanette and Ernestine separately ruled their respective Counties. Sayn-Altenkirchen was inherited by Duke Johann William of Saxe-Eisenach — Johanette's son — and secondly by Duke William Henry of Saxe-Eisenach — Johanette's grandson. William Henry died childless and Sayn-Altenkirchen was inherited by Charles, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, Johanette's great-grandson.

The County of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn-Altenkirchen ended when it was mediatised to Nassau-Weilburg in 1803.

Queen Caroline, wife of George II of the United Kingdom, was co-heiress to this County, but she never inherited it and her grandson George III was compensated for his loss of inheritance to it.

Counts of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn-Altenkirchen (1648–1803)

• Johanette (1648–1701)
• Louis Juliane (Regent, 1648–52)
• William Henry, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach (1701–41)
• Charles, Burgrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1741–1803)

Mediatised to Nassau-Weilburg 1803