Search and rescue in the United States
Search and rescue in the United States involves a wide range of organizations that have search and rescue responsibilities.
In January 2008, the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) released the National Response Framework (NRF) which, serves as the guiding document for a federal response during a national emergency. In addition to the NRF there are 15 annexes relating to Emergency Support Functions (ESF) which, includes other federal agencies that contain resources or expertise to support an emergency. Search and Rescue is included as ESF-9 and divides SAR into 4 primary elements, while assigning a federal agency with the lead role for each of the 4 elements.[1]
- Structural Collapse-USAR: Department of Homeland Security Federal Emergency Management Agency
- Waterborne: United States Coast Guard, United States Coast Guard Auxiliary
- Inland-wilderness: United States Department of Interior, National Park Service
- Aeronautical: United States Air Force Rescue Coordination Center, Civil Air Patrol, United States Air Force Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Service, US Navy (secondary missions for helicopter squadrons)
In the US SAR standards are developed primarily by ASTM International and the US NFPA which are then used by organizations such as the Mountain Rescue Association (MRA), the US National Association of Search and Rescue (NASAR), and the US NFPA to develop training that will meet or exceed those standards.[2] Within ASTM International, most standards of relevance to SAR are developed by Committee F32 on Search and Rescue. Formed in 1988, the committee had 85 current members and jurisdiction of 38 approved standards.[2]
Contents
National organizations
- Explorer Search and Rescue
- Mountain Rescue Association
- National Association for Search and Rescue[3]
- National Association of Volunteer Search and Rescue Teams[4]
- United States Search And Rescue Task Force
State organizations
- California
- San Luis Obispo County Search and Rescue[5]
- Bay Area Search and Rescue Council[6]
- Marin County Sheriff's Office Search & Rescue[7]
- San Mateo County Search and Rescue[8]
- Long Beach Search & Rescue
- San Diego Mountain Rescue Team[9]
- Colorado
- Florida
- Maryland
- Michigan
- Missouri
- New Mexico
- New York
- Urban Search and Rescue New York Task Force 1
- Westchester County Technical Rescue Team[13]
- New York Search And Rescue[14] - Serving the Lower Hudson Valley
- Long Island Search and Rescue[15] - Primarily serving Suffolk and Nassau Counties
- New York State Federation of Search and Rescue Teams[16] - Statewide listing of SAR teams
- North Carolina
- NCCERT (North Carolina Canine Emergency Response Team)
- Ohio
- Oregon
- Multnomah County Sheriff's Office Search and Rescue
- North Oregon Regional Search and Rescue
- Portland Mountain Rescue
- Virginia
Virginia benefits from a state-coordinated system of training and response under the Virginia Department of Emergency Management (VDEM). Under Title 44 of the Code of Virginia, VDEM develops and maintains the Commonwealth of Virginia Emergency Operations Plan (COVEOP) that includes the ESF-9 Annex for Search and Rescue. Similar to the federal version of ESF-9 under the National Response Framework (NRF), VDEM divides SAR into 4 primary elements. While VDEM functions as the lead for ESF-9, many agencies, departments and volunteer organizations routinely responds to and supports SAR operations in the Commonwealth of Virginia.[18][19]
Aeronautical
Search and rescue services for downed, missing, or overdue aircraft and Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs). Organizations include:
- Civil Air Patrol[20]
- Virginia State Police, Aviation Division[21]
Inland/Wilderness
For search and rescue of lost and missing persons in a wide variety of circumstances and environments, resources include:
Maritime/Waterborne
Providing search and rescue for vessels in distress in coastal and inland waters, resources include:
- Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries[36]
- Virginia Marine Resources Commission[37]
- United States Coast Guard
- Smith Point Volunteer Sea Rescue[38]
- Eckerd College Search and Rescue[39]
USAR/Disaster
To provide response in the event of collapsed structures and significant events, organizations include:
References
- ↑ Section ESF #9-1
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External links
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