Severn Railway Bridge

Severn Railway Bridge 'The White Elephant'
Severn Railway Bridge in July 1948
Crosses	River Severn
Locale	Lydney – Sharpness
Preceded by	Severn Tunnel
Characteristics
Total length	4,162 feet (1,269 m)
Clearance above	70 feet (21 m)
History
Designer	George Baker Keeling
Construction begin	1875
Construction end	1879
Collapsed	25 October 1960

Railways and Canals of the Forest of Dean
Railways legend Waterways legend
Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway Mitcheldean Road Ross and Monmouth Railway Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway Lydbrook Junction x20px Mitcheldean Road and Forest of Dean Jn Ry Drybrook Quarry Drybrook Halt Nailbridge Halt Lower Lydbrook Steam Mills Crossing Halt Upper Lydbrook Churchway Colliery Whimsey Halt Mineral Loop Drybrook Road Coleford Railway Serridge Platform Cinderford New Wimberry Quarry Whitecliff Quarry Speech House Road Bilson Halt Bicslade Tramroad Ruspidge Halt Bicslade Wharf Staple Edge Halt Eastern United Colliery Coleford (CR) Upper Soudley Halt Coleford (S&WR) Bullo Cross Halt Gloucester to Newport Line Milkwall Newnham Parkhill Colliery Ruddle Road Halt New Fancy Colliery Howbeach Colliery Parkend Forest of Dean Central Railway Whitecroft Awre for Blakeney Tufts Junction & Mineral Loop Norchard River Severn Middle Forge Junction Lydney Town Severn Railway Bridge Severn Bridge Gloucester and Sharpness Canal St Mary's Halt Sharpness Lydney Junction Sharpness Docks Lydney Sharpness Branch Line Upper Forge Lydney Harbour Pidcock's Canal x20px Lydney Canal Lower Forge Gloucester to Newport Line River Severn

Severn Bridge Railway

Legend For canal icons used below, please refer to waterways legend instead. Dean Forest Railway Severn Bridge Tunnel Lydney Town Severn Bridge St Mary's Halt Lydney Junction Lydney Gloucester to Newport Line(From Newport to Gloucester) Lydney Harbour Branch Pidcock's Canal Forges Lydney Canal Lower Docks Upper Docks Severn Railway Bridge over River Severn(Dismantled 1970) Swing bridge over Gloucester and Sharpness Canal Locks onto River Severn Sharpness Sharpness Docks Locks onto River Severn Old Docks Branch River Severn Cross Country Route(To Gloucester) Berkeley Berkeley Road(Closed 1965) Berkeley Loop Cross Country Route(To Bristol)

A 1946 Ordnance Survey map showing the bridge and branch line.

The Severn Railway Bridge was a crossing across the River Severn between Sharpness and Lydney, Gloucestershire. It was badly damaged by river barges in 1960 and demolished in 1970.

Construction

It was built by the Severn Bridge Railway company in the 1870s to transport coal from the Forest of Dean on the Severn and Wye Railway. Work began in 1875 and was completed in 1879. The wrought iron bridge, which was 4,162 feet (1,269 m) long and 70 feet (21 m) above high water, had 22 spans and had stone abutments made from local limestone. The span across the Gloucester and Sharpness Canal operated as a swing bridge.

History

The bridge was single track, and it took approximately 30 miles (48 km) off the journey from Bristol via Gloucester to Cardiff during Severn Tunnel maintenance occupations. The bridge predated the construction of the Severn Tunnel, a dozen miles or so downstream, by seven years. It was known by locals as 'The White Elephant'.

Until the Severn Road Bridge was opened in 1966, the Severn Railway Bridge was often referred to as the Severn Bridge. There was a small station known as Severn Bridge on the Lydney side, adjacent to the main line from Gloucester to Chepstow, which the railway from the bridge crossed.

The bridge was used as a diversionary route for the Severn Tunnel when that was closed for engineering work. The south-to-north chord at Berkeley Loop South Junction used for this route was closed when the bridge was abandoned. The remaining line from Berkeley Rd Junction to Sharpness docks remains and on the north side of the Severn estuary, the line from the former Otters Pool Junction at Lydney to the Severn Bridge has long been lifted but a short headshunt on the trackbed exists as part of the Dean Forest Railway network.

In 1943 a flight of three Spitfires was being delivered by ATA pilots, including one woman, Ann Wood, from their Castle Bromwich factory to Whitchurch, Bristol. As it was low tide, the lead pilot Johnnie Jordan flew under the bridge. Some time later, Ann Wood repeated this underflying – without realising that this time it was high tide and there was 30 ft (9 m) less headroom. This was not the only instance of pilots buzzing the bridge; it was seemingly so common at one time that a local policeman was tasked with recording serial numbers.

Accident

After the accident, April 1966

Wreckage of the barges, Arkendale H (bows, left) and Wastdale H (stern right), still visible at low water.

On 25 October 1960, in thick fog and a strong tide, two barges (named the Arkendale H and Wastdale H) - which had overshot Sharpness Dock - collided with one of the columns of the bridge after being carried upstream. Two spans of the 22-span steel and cast iron bridge collapsed into the river. Parts of the structure hit the barges causing the fuel oil and petroleum they were carrying to set on fire. Five people died in the incident.

The Western Region of British Railways planned to reconstruct the bridge but after further damage to the bridge in February 1961, when another span collapsed, the bridge was deemed to be damaged beyond economic repair.

Following the accident, schoolchildren who had used the bridge daily had to be taken to school on a 40-mile (64 km) detour via Gloucester.

Demolition

Remaining tower of the swing section over the canal

Demolition began in 1967 and took until 1970, by Nordman Construction although evidence of several of the piers remains. Most notable is between the canal and river, a large circular pier that formed the base of the swinging section. Some piers are mere foundations & only visible at low tide, as are the wrecks of the petrol barges.

The river at this point has always had hazardous tidal currents, the cause of the 1960 collision. During the demolition a support vessel (the Severn King which was one of the old Aust Ferry boats replaced when the Severn Road Bridge had opened) broke its mooring in the tide, struck the remains of the bridge and sank.

See also

• Crossings of the River Severn

References

• Awdry, Christopher, (1990). Encyclopaedia of British Railway Companies. London: Guild Publishing.
• Disasters on the Severn, Chris Witts

External links

• , Archive film of the demolition