Shiwiar language
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| Achuar | |
|---|---|
| Shiwiar | |
| Native to | Peru, Ecuador |
| Ethnicity | Achuar people, Shiwiar |
|
Native speakers
|
unknown (undated figure of 3,000–3,500 in Peru)[1] 4,000 in Ecuador (2007)[2] |
|
Jivaroan
|
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | acu |
| Glottolog | achu1248[3] |
Shiwiar, also known as Achuar, Jivaro, Maina, is a Jivaroan language spoken along the Pastaza and Bobonaza rivers in Ecuador.
Phonology
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Stop | p | t | k | ʔ | ||
| Affricate | ts | tʃ | ||||
| Fricative | s | ʃ | x | |||
| Approximant | j | w | ||||
| Tap | ɾ |
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ĩ iː | u ũ uː | |
| Close-mid | ɘ ɘ̃ ɘː | ||
| Open | a ã aː |
- /i/ and /u/ have slightly lowered allophones [ɪ] and [ʊ], respectively.[5][in which environments?]
- /a, ã, aː/ are phonetically central [a̠, ã̠, a̠ː].[5]
References
- ↑ Achuar at Ethnologue (10th ed., 1984). Note: Data may come from the 9th edition (1978).
- ↑ Achuar-Shiwiar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Fast Mowitz (1975), p. 10.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Fast Mowitz (1975), p. 2.
Bibliography
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
- Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.) 2013. Achuar. In the World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- Michael, Lev, Tammy Stark, and Will Chang (compilers). 2012. Phonological inventory of Achuar-Shiwiar. In the South American Phonological Inventory Database, version 1.1.3. Survey of California and Other Indian Languages Digital Resource. Berkeley: University of California.
- New Testament in Achuar
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Achuar
- The Shiwiar Rainforest Initiative
- Achuar–Shiwiar on Native Languages of the Americas
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| Spanish varieties |
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