Sironj

Sironj
city
File:Madhya Pradesh districts location map big.svg Sironj Location in Madhya Pradesh, India
Coordinates:
Country	India
State	Madhya Pradesh
District	Vidisha
Elevation	464 m (1,522 ft)
Population (2011-03-01)
• Total	52,460
Languages
• Official	Hindi اردو
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)

Sironj is a city and a municipality in Vidisha district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.

About

Sironj is about 120 km north of Bhopal, the capital of Madhya Pradesh and 85 km from Vidisha where its district headquarter is located. Sironj is a mixture of undulating hilly tracts coupled with black cotton soil plains. The area was once full of forests but now almost completely devoid of them, barring the forests on the fringes of the block in remote villages. Sironj has a mixed population of Hindus, Muslims and Jains. Most of the inhabitants of Sironj are traders, surrounded by the agriculturist community of about 300 villages that surround it. There are many mosques and ancient temples all over the town.

Transport

It is quite easy to reach Sironj from Bhopal than from Vidisha due to better roads and frequent buses plying between Bhopal and Sironj than Vidisha and Sironj. It takes about three hours by a public transport bus to reach Sironj from Bhopal, connected with State Highway 23. These buses are available at Putli Ghar bus stand (earlier Berasia bus stand), Bhopal. The nearest railway station is Ganj Basoda, 45 kilometres east of Sironj, which lies on the main Mumbai-Delhi, Delhi-Chennai railway route.

The Jama Masjid said to be Built By Aurangzeb. During 18th century, great Trignometric Survey is organised by Sir George Everest to measure the Height of Mount Everest in which sironj is one of the three Observatories in India. This survey was later completed by Radhanath Sikdar using a Theodolite. The ruins of These Observatory still alive near Sironj, in a Village called BHOORI TORI on Guna road.one can find there a good English architecture. The Girdhari Temple situated in the town is assigned to the 11th century AD. It is known for its sculptures and fine carvings. The temples of Jatashankar and Mahamai are said to be old and sacred. It is said that Tatya Tope of 1857-fame has halted here for some time. More information about Tatya tope's Sironj Hault is available in the book Operation Red Lotus by Parag Tope. The Mahamai temple is 5 km to the southwest of Sironj. It is situated on a hill. An annual fair is held here.

History

Historically, Sironj was a part of the Malwa region, on the fringes of Bundelkhand, and has been a Jain pilgrimage. As a part of the kingdom of the Nawabs of Tonk, it bordered Gwalior State under the Scindhias. At the time of independence of India, Sironj was a part of the Tonk state of Rajasthan. Thus, it became a land-locked district of Rajasthan surrounded from all four sides by Madhya Pradesh. Under the State Reorganization Act of 1956, Sironj was made a part of Madhya Pradesh. However, it lost its status of a district and became a block (sub-district) under the Vidisha district of MP. Being very close to the medieval trade route between Delhi and Gujarat, Sironj was full of traders. The most famous of such traders were the Maheshwaris, who later left Sironj taking offence on the actions of the Nawab of Sironj. Their deserted palaces still dominate the skyline of Sironj, which was famous for its three tiered market. In a single building, there were shops that were partly underground and partly on the surface (meant for customers on feet), shops that were slightly raised (for the customers on the horseback) and shops on the first floor (for the customers on elephant -back). Many of these shops survive. Sironj is one of the oldest cities of India. It was also known for Moughal district during the time of Mughals and was a big trade centre connected directly to ship port of Gujarat. Water cooling pots and woven mats were exported to outside countries. To know more about Sironj, one can read the book Aasar e Malwa describing brief history of area. It also has a famous Madan Mohan temple said to be constructed centuries ago whose sibling is said be situated in Vrindavan.

Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Sironj had a population of 42,100. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Sironj has an average literacy rate of 55%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 62%, and female literacy is 47%.In Sironj, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Religions in Sironj
Religion			Percent
Hindus			50%
Muslims			48%
Jains			1.7%
Others†			0.3%
Distribution of religions †Includes Sikhs (0.2%), Buddhists (<0.2%).

Economy

Main crops of Sironj area are Wheat, Maize and Gram in winters and Soyabean and Lentils during monsoon. Wheat from Sironj and other parts of Vidisha are famous throughout the country and are sold at premium prices in the markets of Delhi and all over India. Soyabean from this area forms the backbone of the Soya-oil industry based in Indore and Datia.