Somerset County, New Jersey

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Somerset County, New Jersey
Basking Ridge, New Jersey.jpg
A walking trail in Basking Ridge
Seal of Somerset County, New Jersey
Seal
Map of New Jersey highlighting Somerset County
Location in the U.S. state of New Jersey
Map of the United States highlighting New Jersey
New Jersey's location in the U.S.
Founded May 14, 1688[1]
Named for English county of Somerset
Seat Somerville[2]
Largest city Franklin Township (population)
Hillsborough Township (area)
Area
 • Total 304.86 sq mi (790 km2)
 • Land 301.81 sq mi (782 km2)
 • Water 3.04 sq mi (8 km2), 1.00%
Population
 • (2010) 323,444[3]
 • Density 1,059/sq mi (409/km²)
Congressional districts 7th, 12th
Website www.co.somerset.nj.us

Somerset County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States Census, the county's population was 323,444,[3] increasing by 25,954 (+8.7%) from the 297,490 counted in the 2000 Census,[4] retaining its position as the state's 13th-most populous county.[5][6] As of the 2014 Census Estimate, the county's population was 332,568.[7] It is part of the New York Metropolitan Area. Its county seat is Somerville.[2][8] The most populous place was Franklin Township, with 62,300 residents at the time of the 2010 Census, while Hillsborough Township, covered 55.00 square miles (142.4 km2), the largest total area of any municipality.[6]

Somerset County, as of the 2000 Census, was the seventh-wealthiest county in the United States by median household income at $76,933 (third in New Jersey behind Hunterdon County at $79,888 and Morris County at $77,340), fourth in median family income at $90,655 (second in New Jersey behind Hunterdon County at $91,050) and ranked seventh by per capita income at $37,970 (highest in New Jersey).[9] The Bureau of Economic Analysis ranked the county as having the 11th-highest per capita income of all 3,113 counties in the United States (and the highest in New Jersey) as of 2009.[10] In 2012, 49.8 percent of Somerset County residents were college graduates, the highest percentage in the state.[11]

Somerset County was created on May 14, 1688, from portions of Middlesex County.[1]

History

Somerset County is one of America's oldest counties, and is named after the English county of Somerset. The area was first settled in 1681, in the vicinity of Bound Brook, and the county was established by charter on May 22, 1688. Most of the early residents were Dutch. General George Washington and his troops marched through the county on several occasions and slept in many of the homes located throughout the area. Somerset County also played an important part during both World War I and World War II with weapons depots and the manufacturing of the army's woolen blankets.

For much of its history, Somerset County was primarily an agricultural county. In the late 19th century, the Somerset Hills area of Somerset County became a popular country home for wealthy industrialists. The area is still the home of wealthy pharmaceutical industrialists.[12]

In the 1960s, townships that were once exclusively agricultural were quickly transformed into suburban communities. Examples include Bridgewater Township[13] and the Watchung Hills communities of Watchung, Green Brook and Warren Township.[14][15][16] This growth was aided by the development of the county's very strong pharmaceutical and technology presence. Warren Township used to be considered "the greenest place in New Jersey."[14] More recently, there has been an influx of New York City commuters who use New Jersey Transit's Raritan Valley Line and Gladstone Branch or use Interstate 78.

Geography

According to the 2010 Census, the county had a total area of 304.86 square miles (789.6 km2), including 301.81 square miles (781.7 km2) of land (99.0%) and 3.04 square miles (7.9 km2) of water (1.0%).[6][17]

The high point is on Mine Mountain in Bernardsville, at approximately 860 feet (260 m) above sea level.[18] The lowest point is just above sea level on the Raritan River at the Middlesex County line.

Adjacent counties

Somerset County borders the following counties:[19]

Climate and weather

Somerville, New Jersey
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D
 
 
3.6
 
 
38
18
 
 
2.8
 
 
41
20
 
 
3.9
 
 
50
27
 
 
4.1
 
 
61
36
 
 
4.3
 
 
72
46
 
 
4.4
 
 
80
56
 
 
4.8
 
 
85
61
 
 
4
 
 
83
60
 
 
4.3
 
 
76
52
 
 
4.2
 
 
64
40
 
 
3.6
 
 
54
31
 
 
3.8
 
 
42
23
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[20]

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Somerville have ranged from a low of 18 °F (−8 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −16 °F (−27 °C) was recorded in January 1984 and a record high of 105 °F (41 °C) was recorded in August 1955. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.84 inches (72 mm) in February to 4.83 inches (123 mm) in July.[20]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop.
1790 12,296
1800 12,815 4.2%
1810 14,725 14.9%
1820 16,506 12.1%
1830 17,689 7.2%
1840 17,455 * −1.3%
1850 19,692 12.8%
1860 22,057 12.0%
1870 23,510 6.6%
1880 27,162 15.5%
1890 28,311 4.2%
1900 32,948 16.4%
1910 38,820 17.8%
1920 47,991 23.6%
1930 65,132 35.7%
1940 74,390 14.2%
1950 99,052 33.2%
1960 143,913 45.3%
1970 198,372 37.8%
1980 203,129 2.4%
1990 240,279 18.3%
2000 297,490 23.8%
2010 323,444 8.7%
Est. 2014 332,568 [7][21] 2.8%
Historical sources: 1790-1990[22]
1970-2010[6] 2000[4] 2010[3] 2000-2010[23]
* = Lost territory in previous decade.[1]

Census 2010

At the 2010 United States Census, there were 323,444 people, 117,759 households, and 84,669 families residing in the county. The population density was 1,071.7 per square mile (413.8/km2). There were 123,127 housing units at an average density of Lua error in Module:Convert at line 272: attempt to index local 'cat' (a nil value).. The racial makeup of the county was 70.06% (226,608) White, 8.95% (28,943) Black or African American, 0.17% (556) Native American, 14.11% (45,650) Asian, 0.03% (94) Pacific Islander, 4.13% (13,360) from other races, and 2.55% (8,233) from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 13.01% (42,091) of the population.[3]

There were 117,759 households, of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.8% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.1% were non-families. 23.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.22.[3]

In the county, 25% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 29.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.2 years. For every 100 females there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.[3]

Census 2000

At the 2000 United States Census[24] there were 297,490 people, 108,984 households and 78,359 families residing in the county. The population density was 976 per square mile (377/km²). There were 112,023 housing units at an average density of 368 per square mile (142/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 79.34% White, 7.53% Black or African American, 0.13% Native American, 8.38% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.74% from other races, and 1.83% from two or more races. 8.68% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.[4][25] Among those residents listing their ancestry, 18.7% were of Italian, 15.6% Irish, 14.5% German, 9.6% Polish and 7.1% English ancestry according to Census 2000.[25][26]

There were 108,984 households of which 36.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.60% were married couples living together, 8.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.10% were non-families. 22.80% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.19.[4]

Age distribution was 25.50% under the age of 18, 5.90% from 18 to 24, 33.80% from 25 to 44, 23.50% from 45 to 64, and 11.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 95.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.10 males.[4]

The median household income was $76,933 and the median family income was $90,605. Males had a median income of $60,602 versus $41,824 for females. The per capita income for the county was $37,970. About 2.3% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.7% of those under age 18 and 4.9% of those age 65 or over.[25][27]

Parks and recreation

Somerset County parks include Lord Stirling Park (part of the Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge), Colonial Park (with a lovely rose garden), Washington Valley Park (with biking and hiking trails), the Sourland Mountain Preserve (hiking and mountain biking trails), and the newest park in development called Raritan River Greenway (which is being developed along the Raritan River in Bridgewater Township).[28]

The southeastern portion of Somerset County in Franklin Township also includes the Delaware and Raritan Canal State Park, which provides hiking, biking and boating.[29]

Trump National Golf Club in Bedminster is an exclusive golf club owned by Donald Trump.[30]

Government

Somerset County is governed by a five-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, whose members are elected at-large to three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with one or two seats coming up for election each year. At an annual reorganization meeting held on the first Friday of January, the board selects a Director and Deputy Director from among its members.[31] As of January 2015, Somerset County's Freeholders are:[32]

Constitutional officers elected on a countywide basis are County Clerk Brett A. Radi (R, Somerville, 2017),[38] Sheriff Frank J. Provenzano (R, Raritan, 2016)[39][40] and Surrogate Frank Bruno (R, Branchburg, 2015).[41]

The Freeholders employ a full-time County Administrator who manages the day-to-day operations of County government. The current County Administrator is Michael J. Amorosa.[42] The Clerk of the Board of Freeholders oversees the work of their offices. Department heads are appointed in accordance with statute and by resolution of the board. Somerset County currently has approximately 1,100 full-time and 130 part-time employees in 52 divisions (including the Library System).[43]

The 7th and 12th Congressional Districts cover the county.[44][45] New Jersey's Seventh Congressional District is represented by Leonard Lance (R, Clinton Township).[46] New Jersey's Twelfth Congressional District is represented by Bonnie Watson Coleman (D, Ewing Township).[47]

The county is part of the 16th, 17th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd and 25th Districts in the New Jersey Legislature.[48] For the 2014-2015 Session, the 16th District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Christopher Bateman (R, Somerville) and in the General Assembly by Jack Ciattarelli (R, Hillsborough Township) and Donna Simon (R, Readington Township). [49][50] For the 2014-2015 Session, the 17th District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Bob Smith (D, Piscataway) and in the General Assembly by Joseph Danielsen (D, Franklin Township) and Joseph V. Egan (D, New Brunswick)[51][52] For the 2014-2015 Session, the 21st Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Thomas Kean, Jr. (R, Westfield) and in the General Assembly by Jon Bramnick (R, Westfield) and Nancy Munoz (R, Summit).[53][54] For the 2014-2015 Session, the 22nd Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Nicholas Scutari (D, Linden) and in the General Assembly by Jerry Green (D, Plainfield) and Linda Stender (D, Scotch Plains).[55][56] For the 2014-2015 Session, the 23rd Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Michael J. Doherty (R, Washington Township, Warren County) and in the General Assembly by John DiMaio (R, Hackettstown) and Erik Peterson (R, Franklin Township, Hunterdon County).[57][58] For the 2014-2015 Session, the 25th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Anthony Bucco (R, Boonton Town) and in the General Assembly by Tony Bucco (R, Boonton Township) and Michael Patrick Carroll (R, Morris Township).[59][60]

Politics

Somerset County has been known as one of New Jersey's more conservative counties.[citation needed]

As of October 31, 2014, there were a total of 216,901 registered voters in Somerset County, of whom 55,782 (25.7%) were registered as Democrats, 53,345 (24.6%) were registered as Republicans and 107,546 (49.6%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 228 voters registered to other parties.[61] Among the county's 2010 Census population, 67.1% were registered to vote, including 75.% of those ages 18 and over.[61][62]

In the 2004 presidential election, George W. Bush carried Somerset County by a 4.3% margin over John Kerry, with Kerry carrying the state by 6.7% over Bush.[63] However, in 2008, Barack Obama became the first Democratic Presidential nominee to carry the county since Lyndon Johnson in 1964. Obama won Somerset by a 6.1% margin over John McCain, with Obama carrying the state by 15.5% over McCain.[64]

In the 2009 Gubernatorial Election, Republican Chris Christie received 56% of the vote, defeating Democrat Jon Corzine, who received around 34%. In the 2012 presidential election, the county was carried by Barack Obama, winning 52.8% of the vote to Mitt Romney's 47.2%, a 5.6% gap that represented a 0.5% drop off for Obama from his 2008 margin of victory in the county.[65][66]

Legal

In 1996, Nicholas L. Bissell, Jr., the then county prosecutor, was charged with embezzlement, tax fraud and abuse of power. He fled to Laughlin, Nevada, near Las Vegas and took his own life when the federal authorities attempted to arrest him.[67]

Taxation

Based on IRS data for the 2004 tax year, Somerset County taxpayers had the ninth-highest average federal income tax liability per return in the country. Average tax liability was $16,502, representing 16.8% of Adjusted Gross Income.[68]

Education

Somerset County is home to two colleges:

Alma White College, (1921 to 1978) was a private college located in Zarephath. Beginning in 1931 the college operated WAWZ 1380 on the AM dial. The station continued to 1984 after the school closed. The building is now occupied by Somerset Christian College.

Somerset Hills Learning Institute is a state-of-the-art program dedicated to educating children on the autism spectrum by utilizing the principles of ABA.

Municipalities

Index map of Somerset County municipalities (click to see index key)

Municipalities in Somerset County (with 2010 Census data for population, housing units and area) are listed below.[72] Other, unincorporated communities in the county are listed alongside their parent municipality (or municipalities, as the case may be). These areas include census designated places (CDPs), which have been created by the United States Census Bureau for enumeration purposes within a Township.[6] Other communities, historical areas, unincorporated areas, and enclaves that exist within a municipality are also listed.

Municipality
(with map key)
Municipal
type
Population Housing
Units
Total
Area
Water
Area
Land
Area
Pop.
Density
Housing
Density
Communities[73]
Bedminster Township (21) township 8,165 4,349 26.30 0.22 26.08 313.1 166.8 Lamington
Pluckemin
Pottersville
Bernards Township (20) township 26,652 10,103 24.06 0.13 23.93 1,113.6 422.1 Basking Ridge
Liberty Corner
Lyons
Bernardsville (1) borough 7,707 2,871 12.98 0.08 12.91 597.2 222.5
Bound Brook (6) borough 10,402 3,816 1.69 0.04 1.66 6,269.6 2,300.0
Branchburg Township (16) township 14,459 5,419 20.28 0.24 20.04 721.4 270.4 Neshanic Station
North Branch
Bridgewater Township (17) township 44,464 16,657 32.51 0.47 32.04 1,387.9 519.9 Bradley Gardens CDP (14,206)
Finderne CDP (5,600)
Green Knoll CDP (6,200)
Martinsville CDP (11,980)
Far Hills (3) borough 919 418 4.88 0.08 4.80 191.6 87.1
Franklin Township (14) township 62,300 24,426 46.85 0.70 46.15 1,350.0 529.3 Blackwells Mills CDP (803)
Clyde CDP (213)
East Franklin CDP (8,669)
East Millstone CDP (579)
East Rocky Hill CDP (469)
Franklin Center CDP (4,460)
Franklin Park CDP (13,295)
Griggstown CDP (819)
Kingston CDP (part; 271)
Middlebush CDP (2,326)
Pleasant Plains CDP (922)
Rockingham
Six Mile Run CDP (3,184)
Somerset CDP (22,083)
Ten Mile Run CDP (1,959)
Voorhees CDP (976)
Weston CDP (1,235)
Zarephath CDP (37)
Green Brook Township (19) township 7,203 2,448 4.48 0.01 4.47 1,610.5 547.3
Hillsborough Township (15) township 38,303 14,030 55.00 0.47 54.54 702.3 257.3 Amwell
Cloverhill
Flagtown
Neshanic
South Branch
Zion
Manville (8) borough 10,344 4,277 2.45 0.09 2.36 4,382.0 1,811.9
Millstone (11) borough 418 167 0.76 0.02 0.74 566.5 226.3
Montgomery Township (13) township 22,254 7,902 32.48 0.17 32.31 688.8 244.6 Amwell
Belle Mead CDP (216)
Blawenburg CDP (280)
Dutchtown
Harlingen CDP (297)
Skillman CDP (242)
Stoutsburg
Zion
North Plainfield (5) borough 21,936 7,848 2.81 0.01 2.79 7,850.0 2,808.5
Peapack-Gladstone (2) borough 2,582 949 5.85 0.04 5.81 444.5 163.4 Gladstone
Raritan (10) borough 6,881 2,847 2.04 0.04 1.99 3,452.2 1,428.3
Rocky Hill (12) borough 682 292 0.62 0.00 0.62 1,101.4 471.6
Somerville (9) borough 12,098 4,951 2.36 0.03 2.33 5,189.5 2,123.8
South Bound Brook (7) borough 4,563 1,865 0.75 0.10 0.66 6,933.8 2,834.0
Warren Township (18) township 15,311 5,258 19.64 0.08 19.57 782.5 268.7
Watchung (4) borough 5,801 2,234 6.05 0.03 6.03 962.7 370.7
Somerset County county 323,444 123,127 304.86 3.04 301.81 1,071.7 408.0

Transportation

Roads and highways

Somerset County is served by a number of different routes. As of May 2010, the county had a total of 1,714.99 miles (2,760.01 km) of roadways, of which 1,370.80 miles (2,206.09 km) were maintained by the local municipality, 234.23 miles (376.96 km) by Somerset County and 109.96 miles (176.96 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[74]

Major county roads that pass through include County Route 512, County Route 514, County Route 518, County Route 523, County Route 525, County Route 527, County Route 529, County Route 531 and County Route 533.

The only two state routes that traverse through are Route 27 (only in Franklin) and Route 28.

U.S. Routes include U.S. Route 22, U.S. Route 202 and U.S. Route 206.

The two interstates that pass through are Interstate 78 and Interstate 287.

Interstate 95 was planned to run along the Somerset Freeway from its proposed southern end in Hopewell Township, Mercer County to Franklin Township at I-287 in the 1960s. However, this was cancelled in 1983.

Route 18 runs at the New Brunswick border of Somerset.

Public transportation

Bernardsville Station

New Jersey Transit provides train service on the Gladstone Branch and the Raritan Valley Line.[75][76] Public bus transportation is provided by several transit agencies.[77]

NJ Transit provides bus service to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan, as well as service to major cities in New Jersey and within Somerset County.[78] Ridewise provides three SCOOT shuttles[79] as well as DASH buses and CAT buses.[80][81]

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 221. Accessed October 30, 2012.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Somerset County, NJ, National Association of Counties. Accessed January 21, 2013.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 DP1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data for Somerset County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 23, 2013.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 DP-1 - Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000; Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Somerset County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 23, 2013.
  5. NJ Labor Market Views, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, March 15, 2011. Accessed January 23, 2013.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 New Jersey: 2010 - Population and Housing Unit Counts; 2010 Census of Population and Housing, p. 6, CPH-2-32. United States Census Bureau, August 2012, backed up by the Internet Archive as of July 31, 2013. Accessed June 28, 2015.
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  8. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. "Census 2000 Data Rankings; A data rankings document focused on the Roanoke Valley and Alleghany Highlands region", Roanoke Valley-Alleghany Regional Commission, p. 22. Accessed October 6, 2013.
  10. 250 Highest Per Capita Personal Incomes of the 3113 Counties in the United States, 2009, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Accessed April 9, 2012.
  11. 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book Available for Order, Rutgers University. Accessed May 13, 2015.
  12. Clemence, Sara. "Home of the Week: Peapack Palace", Forbes, March 14, 2005. Accessed May 22, 2008. "It was once the country home of some of the 19th century's wealthiest families, and modern-day residents now include pharmaceuticals and chemicals barons."
  13. The History of Bridgewater Township, Bridgewater Township, New Jersey. Accessed May 22, 2008. "In the early years, Bridgewater was known as a farming town."
  14. 14.0 14.1 Sordillo, Victor J. About Warren Township, Warren Township. Accessed October 1, 2013. "Once described as 'the greenest place in New Jersey', Warren Township residents and elected officials are working to keep its rural character and charm while recognizing that there will be growth due to the town's beauty, favorable property taxes and strategic location. Less than 35 miles to Manhattan makes Warren Township a favorite suburb for commuters to New York City."
  15. Overview, Green Brook Historical Society. Accessed October 1, 2013. "As the traffic through the corridor expanded, Green Brook Township developed from a quiet farming community, which it had been for nearly two hundred years, into the suburban community that it is today."
  16. History, Borough of Watchung. Accessed October 1, 2013. "Watchung was settled in the early eighteenth century and grew slowly until recent years. In 1960 the population was 3,312 and in 2000 it was 5,613."
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  28. Parks & Facilities, Somerset County Park Commission. Accessed October 6, 2013.
  29. Delaware & Raritan Canal State Park, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Division of Parks and Forestry. Accessed October 6, 2013.
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  64. U.S. Election Atlas
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External links

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