Southernmost settlements

Location of Punta Arenas, Ushuaia and Puerto Williams in the southern tip of South America.

Southernmost settlements are cities, towns, weather stations or permanent military bases which are further south than latitude 45°S. They are closely related to the Southern Ocean or either the Roaring Forties or Furious Fifties.

Southernmost city

Main article: The southernmost city in the world

The southernmost city in the world is mainly a slogan used for tourism to attract visitors to the city as well as the tourists headed for Antarctica. Currently three cities or towns use this slogan: Ushuaia in Argentina as well as Punta Arenas and Puerto Williams in Chile, with the latter being the absolute southernmost city by latitude (see table below). There are several more settlements further south but none are considered to be large enough to be classified as a 'city'.

Settlements of more than 1,000 inhabitants south of 45°S

45°

45th parallel south

This is a list of the all settlements south of the 45th parallel south with over 1,000 permanent inhabitants.

Rank	Settlement name	Country	Population	Latitude/longitude
1	Puerto Williams	Chile	2,874
2	Ushuaia	Argentina	56,956
3	Tolhuin	Argentina	3,004
4	Río Grande	Argentina	55,231
5	Porvenir	Chile	4,807
6	Punta Arenas	Chile	130,136
7	Puerto Natales	Chile	19,116
8	Stanley	Falkland Islands (UK)	2,115
9	Veintiocho de Noviembre	Argentina	4,686
10	Río Gallegos	Argentina	110,435
11	Río Turbio	Argentina	6,650
11	El Calafate	Argentina	6,410
12	Puerto Santa Cruz	Argentina	3,397
13	Comandante Luis Piedrabuena	Argentina	4,175
14	Gobernador Gregores	Argentina	2,519
15	Puerto San Julián	Argentina	6,143
16	Puerto Deseado	Argentina	10,237
17	Cochrane	Chile	2,217
18	Pico Truncado	Argentina	14,985
19	Bluff	New Zealand	1,850
20	Perito Moreno	Argentina	3,588
21	Las Heras	Argentina	10,688
22	Los Antiguos	Argentina	2,047
23	Chile Chico	Chile	3,042
24	Caleta Olivia	Argentina	36,077
25	Invercargill	New Zealand	52,900
26	Riverton	New Zealand	1,900
27	Balclutha	New Zealand	4,104
28	Mataura	New Zealand	1,740
29	Winton	New Zealand	2,100
30	Milton	New Zealand	2,000
31	Gore	New Zealand	9,730
32	Rada Tilly	Argentina	6,208
33	Comodoro Rivadavia	Argentina	182,631
34	Dunedin	New Zealand	122,900
35	Río Mayo	Argentina	2,939
36	Sarmiento	Argentina	8,028
37	Waikouaiti	New Zealand	1,125
38	Coihaique	Chile	50,041
39	Puerto Chacabuco	Chile	1,243
40	Te Anau	New Zealand	1,857
41	Puerto Aisen	Chile	16,936
42	Alexandra	New Zealand	4,827
43	Clyde	New Zealand	1,011
44	Ranfurly	New Zealand	1,060
45	Oamaru	New Zealand	12,950
46	Cromwell	New Zealand	4,080
47	Queenstown	New Zealand	10,442
48	Alto Río Senguer	Argentina	1,454

Southernmost settlements outside Antarctica

This list of settlements excludes research stations in Antarctica and its surrounding islands.

#	Location	Country	Settlement type	Latitude	Population	Population as of
1	Estación Naval Islas Diego Ramirez	Chile	Naval station	56°30' S	?
2	Estación Meteorológica de Cabo de Hornos	Chile	Weather station	55°59' S	4	2008
3	Puerto Toro	Chile	Hamlet	55°05' S	36	2002
4	Caleta Wulaia	Chile	Hamlet	55°02' S	?
5	Caleta Eugenia	Chile	Hamlet	54°56' S	?
6	Puerto Williams	Chile	Town	54°56' S	2,874	2002
7	Puerto Navarino	Chile	Village	54°55' S	?
8	Puerto Almanza	Argentina	Village	54°52' S	200
9	Ushuaia	Argentina	City	54°48' S	56,956	2010
10	Tolhuin	Argentina	Town	54°31' S	3,004
11	Macquarie Island Station	Australia	Scientific research station	54°30' S	20 to 40
12	Grytviken	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	Hamlet	54°19' S	up to 18
13	Río Grande	Argentina	City	53°45' S	67,038	2010
14	Porvenir	Chile	City	53°17' S	5,465
15	Punta Arenas	Chile	City	53°17' S	119,496	2002

• The former Argentine base Corbeta Uruguay (59°28' S) in South Sandwich Islands was the southernmost settlement outside Antarctica from 1976–1982.

Settlements on the Antarctic continent

There are many research stations in Antarctica, both permanent and summer only. Many of the stations are staffed all year. McMurdo Station is the largest with an average population of 1200.

A total of 30 countries (as of October 2006), all signatory to the Antarctic Treaty, operate seasonal (summer) or year-round research stations on the continent and on its surrounding islands. In addition to these permanent stations, approximately 30 field camps are established each austral summer to support specific one off projects.

The full list is available at: Research stations in Antarctica

See also

• Extreme points of Earth
• List of southernmost items
• Northernmost cities and towns
• Northernmost settlements