Squire Whipple
| Squire Whipple | |
|---|---|
| 200px | |
| Born | September 16, 1804 Hardwick, Massachusetts, USA |
| Died | Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist. Albany, New York, USA |
| Occupation | Civil Engineer |
| Spouse(s) | W. Anna Case |
| Children | none |
| Parent(s) | James Whipple and Electa Johnson |
Squire Whipple (September 16, 1804 – March 15, 1888) was a civil engineer born in Hardwick, Massachusetts, USA. His family moved to New York when he was thirteen. He studied at Fairfield Academy. He graduated from Union College after only one year. He has become known as the father of iron bridge building in America.[1]
He died March 15, 1888 in Albany, New York, USA and was buried in Albany Rural Cemetery, Menands, New York.
Bridges
Constructed by S. DeGraff of Syracuse, New York, 1867–69, the Whipple Cast and Wrought Iron Bowstring Truss Bridge over Norman's Kill in Albany, New York, is a very well preserved example of a Whipple Bowstring Arch Truss, still in daily use, with no posted weight limits. Due to the sleek appearance, many users think it is a modern bridge. (The Delaware Turnpike once ran through both neighborhoods until 1929 with the construction of a new much higher, longer, and wider Delaware Avenue Bridge over the Normans Kill. This allowed commuters to and from Albany to bypass both Normansvilles. The original Whipple Bowstring bridge still stands, though it has been closed to vehicular traffic since January 1990.)
His patented designs were implemented in numerous bridges, both Whipple truss and prefabricated bowstring arch truss bridges, which became the standard design for Erie Canal crossings; using an economical mix of wrought iron for tension members and cast iron in compression. Another such arch is the Shaw Bridge, the only known Whipple bowstring at its original location and the only know "double" believed extant, the only "a structure of outstanding importance to the history of American engineering and transportation technology."[2] There are at least four other Whipple bowstrings standing in Central New York state, and one in Newark, Ohio.
Patents
- U.S. Patent 2,064 – Bowstring iron-bridge truss (1841)
- U.S. Patent 134,338 – Lift draw bridge
Books
- A Work on Bridge-Building: Consisting of Two Essays, the One Elementary and General, the Other Giving Original Plans, and Practical Details, for Iron and Wooden Bridges (1847)
- An elementary and practical treatise on bridge building (1899)
References
- ↑ Survey number HAER NY-4 - Whipple Cast & Wrought Iron Bowstring Truss Bridge, Normans Kill Vicinity, Albany, Albany County, NY (Biography on page 3)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (includes map and diagrams)
- ↑ Historic American Engineering Record (Library of Congress). Survey number HAER NE-2. pages 221-261.
External links
- Genealogy Squire Whipple, Whipple.org
- Squire Whipple essay, Whipple.org
- ASCE – History and Heritage of Civil Engineering
- Squire Whipple information at Structurae
- Survey number HAER NY-4 – Whipple Cast & Wrought Iron Bowstring Truss Bridge, Normans Kill Vicinity, Albany, Albany County, NY (Biography on page 3)
- Photo of an all-wood Whipple bowstring arch truss bridge built in 1882 in Santa Cruz, California (Santa Cruz Public Library collection)
