Sudan I
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
1-phenylazonaphth-2-ol
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| Identifiers | |
842-07-9  |
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| ChEBI | CHEBI:30958 |
| ChemSpider | 10296256 |
| Jmol 3D model | Interactive image |
| KEGG | C19525  |
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| Properties | |
| C16H12N2O | |
| Molar mass | 248.28 g/mol |
| Melting point | 131 °C (268 °F; 404 K) |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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 verify (what is ?) |
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| Infobox references | |
Sudan I (also commonly known as CI Solvent Yellow 14 and Solvent Orange R), is an organic compound, typically classified as an azo dye. It is an intensely orange-red solid that is added to colourise waxes, oils, petrol, solvents and polishes. Sudan I has also been adopted for colouring various foodstuffs, especially curry powder and chili powder, although the use of Sudan I in foods is now banned in many countries, because Sudan I, Sudan III, and Sudan IV have been classified as category 3 carcinogens (not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans)[1] by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.[2] Sudan I is still used in some orange-coloured smoke formulations and as a colouring for cotton refuse used in chemistry experiments.
Contents
Toxicology
Sudan I is genotoxic. It is also carcinogenic in rats.[3] Comparisons between experimental animals and human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) strongly suggest animal carcinogenicity data can be extrapolated to humans.[4]
Sudan I is also present as an impurity in Sunset Yellow, which is its disulfonated water-soluble version.
Food scare
In February 2005, Sudan I gained attention, particularly in the United Kingdom. A Worcestershire sauce produced by Premier Foods was found to be contaminated with Sudan I. The origin was traced to adulterated chili powder.[5] The contamination was discovered by the Food Standards Agency.
Synonyms and brand names
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See also
References
- ↑ http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Larsen, John Chr. "Legal and illegal colors" Trends in Food Science & Technology (2008), 19(Suppl. 1), S60-S65. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2008.07.008
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
