Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata

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The Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (Spanish: Director Supremo de las Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata) was a title given to the executive officers of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata according to the form of government established in 1814 by the Asamblea del Año XIII (Assembly of Year XIII). The supreme director was to wield power for a term of two years.

The assembly hoped to confront the royalists, who had been emboldened by internal dissension within the patriotic faction. To prevent abuses of power, the directorship would be combined with a state council of nine members and would be required to answer to a congress empowered to carry out legislation.

After the resignation of José Rondeau following the unitarian defeat at the Battle of Cepeda,[1] the office of Supreme Director was briefly assumed by Juan Pedro Aguirre. He endorsed the Buenos Aires Cabildo to name a governor for the province of Buenos Aires as the national congress dissolved itself on 16 February 1820, effectively ending the centralism in the national government and giving way to a new federal reorganization for the country, which was immediately formalized by the Treaty of Pilar on 23 February 1820.

For the traditional liberal historiography, exemplified by Bartolomé Mitre's works, the aftermath of the dissolution of the centralist government led to the Anarquía del año 20 (Anarchy of the 1820s). Until 1826 there would not be any central authority among the provinces of Argentina.

List of Supreme Directors

Took office Left office Supreme Director Ref.
January 31, 1814 January 15, 1815 Posadas.jpg Gervasio Antonio de Posadas [2]
January 15, 1815 April 15, 1815 100px Carlos María de Alvear [3]
April 18, 1815 April 20, 1815 Viamonte.jpg Juan José Viamonte [4]
April 20, 1815 April 20, 1815 100px José Rondeau [5]
April 20, 1815 April 17, 1816 100px Ignacio Álvarez Thomas [6]
April 17, 1816 July 12, 1816 100px Antonio González de Balcarce [7]
May 3, 1816 June 9, 1819 Juan Martin de Pueyrredon por Villar.jpg Juan Martín de Pueyrredón [8]
June 9, 1819 February 11, 1820 100px José Rondeau [9]
February 11, 1820 February 16, 1820 100px Juan Pedro Aguirre [10]

See also

References

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