Template:Infobox antimony

Antimony,  ₅₁Sb

General properties
Name, symbol	antimony, Sb
Appearance	silvery lustrous gray
Pronunciation	UK /ˈæntᵻməni/, AN-ti-mə-nee US /ˈæntᵻmoʊni/, AN-ti-moh-nee
Antimony in the periodic table
As ↑ Sb ↓ Bi tin ← antimony → tellurium
Atomic number (Z)	51
Group, block	group 15 (pnictogens), p-block
Period	period 5
Element category	metalloid
Standard atomic weight (±) (Ar)	121.760(1)
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 5
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Melting point	903.78 K ​(630.63 °C, ​1167.13 °F)
Boiling point	1908 K ​(1635 °C, ​2975 °F)
Density near r.t.	6.697 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	6.53 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	19.79 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	193.43 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.23 J/(mol·K)
vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 807 876 1011 1219 1491 1858
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 ​(an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.05
Ionization energies	1st: 834 kJ/mol 2nd: 1594.9 kJ/mol 3rd: 2440 kJ/mol (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius	139±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	206 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​rhombohedral
Speed of sound thin rod	3420 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	11 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	24.4 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	417 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Young's modulus	55 GPa
Shear modulus	20 GPa
Bulk modulus	42 GPa
Mohs hardness	3.0
Brinell hardness	294–384 MPa
CAS Number	7440-36-0
History
Discovery	3000 BC
First isolation	Vannoccio Biringuccio (1540)
Most stable isotopes of antimony
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 121Sb 57.36% – (SF) <25.718 123Sb 42.64% – (SF) <23.454 125Sb syn 2.7582 y β− 0.767 125Te
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed

References

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