Texas County, Oklahoma

Texas County, Oklahoma
Texas County Courthouse in Guymon
Location in the U.S. state of Oklahoma
Oklahoma's location in the U.S.
Founded	1907
Seat	Guymon
Largest city	Guymon
Area
• Total	2,049 sq mi (5,307 km2)
• Land	2,041 sq mi (5,286 km2)
• Water	7.4 sq mi (19 km2), 0.4%
Population (est.)
• (2013)	22,081
• Density	10/sq mi (4/km²)
Congressional district	3rd
Time zone	Central: UTC-6/-5
Website	www.txcountyok.com

Texas County is a county located in the panhandle of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Its county seat is Guymon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 20,640. It is the second-largest county in the state, based on land area, and is named for Texas, the state that adjoins the county to its south.

Texas County comprises the Guymon, OK Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The county economy is largely based on farming and cattle production. It is one of the top producing counties in the U.S. for wheat, cattle and hogs. It also lies within the noted Hugoton-Panhandle natural gas field.

History

Texas County was formed at Oklahoma statehood (16 November 1907) from the central one-third of "Old Beaver County". When the formation of the county was authorized by the Constitutional Convention of 1907, the county was so named because it was wholly included within the limits of the Texas Cession of 1850, whereby the ownership of the area was passed from the State of Texas to the United States Government. From 1850 to 1890, its lands were never attached to any state or territory, never surveyed, and never divided into townships and sections like the eastern counties were. From 1890 to 1907, it was part of Beaver County.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,049 square miles (5,310 km²), of which 2,041 square miles (5,290 km²) is land and 7.4 square miles (19 km²) (0.4%) is water. It is the second-largest county in Oklahoma by area. The county lies in the High Plains of the Great Plains physiographic region. It is generally flat, but has some rolling hills. It is drained by the North Canadian River, often called the Beaver River in this area. Tributaries of the river are Coldwater, Hackberry, Goff, Teepee, and Pony creeks.

Optima Lake, created in 1978 by damming the Beaver River and Coldwater Creek, is 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Hardesty.

Adjacent counties

• Stevens County, Kansas (north)
• Seward County, Kansas (northeast)
• Beaver County (east)
• Ochiltree County, Texas (southeast)
• Hansford County, Texas (south)
• Sherman County, Texas (southwest)
• Cimarron County (west)
• Morton County, Kansas (northwest)

Texas County is one of four counties in the United States to border the state with which it shares its name (the other three are Nevada County, California, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, and Ohio County, West Virginia).

National protected area

• Optima National Wildlife Refuge

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1910	14,249		—
1920	13,975		−1.9%
1930	14,100		0.9%
1940	9,896		−29.8%
1950	14,235		43.8%
1960	14,162		−0.5%
1970	16,352		15.5%
1980	17,727		8.4%
1990	16,419		−7.4%
2000	20,107		22.5%
2010	20,640		2.7%
Est. 2014	21,853		5.9%
U.S. Decennial Census 1790-1960 1900-1990 1990-2000 2010-2013

As of the 2010 census, there were 20,640 people, 7,212 households, and 5,147 families residing in the county. The population density was 4/km² (10/mi²). There were 8,208 housing units at an average density of 2/km² (4/mi²). The racial makeup of the county was 75.7% White, 1.6% Black or African American, 1.3% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 16.9% from other races, and 2.8% from two or more races. 42.0% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race (34.3% Mexican, 3.5% Guatemalan, 0.7% Cuban, 0.7% Spanish). 65.7% spoke English and 33.1% Spanish as their first language.

There were 7,153 households out of which 39.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.50% were married couples living together, 7.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.60% were non-families. 21.20% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.19.

In the county, the population was spread out with 28.80% under the age of 18, 12.70% from 18 to 24, 29.10% from 25 to 44, 19.20% from 45 to 64, and 10.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 105.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $35,872, and the median income for a family was $42,226. Males had a median income of $26,991 versus $20,404 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,692. About 10.20% of families and 14.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.80% of those under age 18 and 7.40% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of January 15, 2012
Party		Number of Voters	Percentage
	Democratic	2,776	30.22%
	Republican	4,996	54.39%
	Unaffiliated	1,413	15.39%
Total		9,185	100%

Presidential election results

Year	Republican	Democrat
2012	85.12% 4,930	14.88% 862
2008	85.25% 5,336	14.75% 923
2004	84.29% 5,450	15.71% 1,016
2000	81.54% 4,964	17.81% 1,084
1996	67.95% 4,139	23.11% 1,408
1992	58.15% 4,059	21.30% 1,487

Economy

Cattle raising was the most important economic activity before and after statehood. Farming rose in importance after the 1890s. Despite the occurrence of the Dust Bowl these two sectors have recovered and prospered. By 1990, Texas County led the state in producing grain sorghums, with 4.2 million bushels, or one-quarter of the state's harvest, and was the state's fourth-largest wheat-producing county, harvesting 10.3 million bushels. By 1997 it was the state's top producer of both hogs and cattle.

Petroleum exploration began in 1922 and resulted in natural gas production from the Hugoton Gas Field. The county remains the nation's largest producer of natural gas. Four carbon-black plants operated near Optima from the mid-1930s through the 1940s. The field extends from Hugoton, Kansas into the Texas Panhandle.

Education

The Oklahoma Legislature created the Pan-Handle Agricultural Institute in 1909, offering secondary agricultural education for the Panhandle area. In 1921, the legislature changed the name to Panhandle Agricultural and Mechanical College and authorized the school to offer a two-year curriculum. In 1925, the State Board of Agriculture authorized upper division college courses, and in 1926, junior and senior level courses were added. The school name has been changed twice since then, to Oklahoma Panhandle State College of Agriculture and Applied Science (OPSU) in 1967 and to Oklahoma Panhandle State University in 1974. The school is in Goodwell.

Transportation

Major highways

• U.S. Highway 54
• U.S. Highway 56
• U.S. Highway 64
• U.S. Highway 412
• State Highway 3
• State Highway 94
• State Highway 95
• State Highway 136

Airports

Guymon Municipal Airport is a city-owned, public-use airport located two nautical miles (3.7 km) west of the central business district of City of Guymon in Texas County.

Communities

Cities

• Guymon (county seat)
• Hooker

Towns

• Goodwell
• Hardesty
• Optima
• Texhoma
• Tyrone

Unincorporated communities

• Adams
• Baker
• Eva
• Four Corners
• Hough
• Mouser
• Muncy
• Hitchland (partially in Texas)
• Nabisco Township (no longer exists, 1910 census)

NRHP sites

Main article: National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas County, Oklahoma

The following sites in Texas County are listed on the National Register of Historic Places

Adams Woodframe Grain Elevator, Adams Baker Woodframe Grain Elevator, Baker Eva Woodframe Grain Elevator, Eva Franklin Hall, Goodwell Easterwood Archeological Site, Guymon Hooker Woodframe Grain Elevator, Hooker Hough Woodframe Grain Elevator, Hough CCC Ranch Headquarters, Texhoma Johnson-Kline Archeological Site, Texhoma

See also

• Oklahoma Panhandle

External links

• Texas County, Oklahoma
• Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory