Timeline of Kraków

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kraków, Poland.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Prior to 20th century

• 1000 - Catholic diocese of Kraków established.
• 1044 - Benedictine Abbey pl established in Tyniec near Kraków.
• 1142 - Cathedral built (approximate date).
• 1241 - Kraków sacked by Tatars.
• 1257 - The town granted Magdeburg rights, signing of pl.
• 1306 - Kraków taken by Władysław Łokietek.
• 1313 - Kraków Town Hall built (approximate date).
• 1320 - Kraków becomes Polish capital.
• 1364
  • Cracow Academy founded.
  • Wawel Cathedral and Collegium Maius built.
• 1390 - Public clock installed (approximate date).
• 1395 - Kraków Cloth Hall built.
• 1397 - St. Mary's Basilica built.
• 1407 - Synagogue built in Kazimierz.
• 1420 - Bellmakers guild established.
• 1491
  • Paper mill established in Prądnik Czerwony.
  • Printing press in operation.
• 1521 - Sigismund Bell installed in tower of Wawel Cathedral.
• 1566 - pl built (near St. Florian's Gate).
• 1609 - Polish capital relocated from Kraków to Warsaw by Sigismund III Vasa (approximate date).
• 1610 - Bagel first mentioned.
• 1618 - Church of St. Adalbert rebuilt.
• 1619 - Saints Peter and Paul Church built.
• 1643 - Obergymnasium of St. Anna (school) built on pl.
• 1655 - Siege of Kraków (1655) by Swedish forces.
• 1702 - City taken by forces of Charles XII of Sweden.
• 1703 - Church of St. Anne, Kraków rebuilt.
• 1768 - City taken by Russian forces.
• 1781 - Theatre opens.
• 1783 - Botanic Garden of the Jagiellonian University founded.
• 1794
  • 24 March: Kościuszko's proclamation against Russian rule occurs in Main Square.
  • June: Prussians in power.
• 1795 - City becomes part of Austria.
• 1809 - City becomes part of the Duchy of Warsaw.
• 1810 - Population: 23,612.
• 1815 - Republic of Krakow established per Congress of Vienna.
• 1820 - Most of Kraków Town Hall demolished (except tower).
• 1831 - City occupied by Russian forces.
• 1846
  • February: Kraków Uprising against Austrian forces; pl established.
  • November: City becomes part of Austria again; Grand Duchy of Cracow established.
• 1847 - Kraków Główny railway station built.
• 1848 - pl newspaper begins publication.
• 1850 - 18 July: pl.
• 1851 - Population: 41,086.
• 1869 - July: Imprisonment of nun pl discovered; unrest ensues.
• 1873 - School of Fine Arts and Academy of Learning active.
• 1879 - National Museum, Kraków established.
• 1885 - Park Krakowski established.
• 1890 - Population: 76,025.
• 1893 - Municipal Theatre opens.
• 1898 - Mickiewicz monument installed in Main Square.

20th century

• 1905 - Zielony Balonik literary cabaret begins in Jama Michalika on Floriańska Street.
• 1909 - Kraków Philharmonic Orchestra founded.
• 1910 - Population: 151,781.
• 1916 - pl (cinema) opens.
• 1917 - Formiści (art group) formed.
• 1918 - City becomes part of Poland.
• 1920 - Population: 176,463.
• 1929 - pl opens.
• 1930 - Wawel Castle museum established.
• 1931
  • Kraków Philharmonic hall opens.
  • Population: 219,300.
• 1933 - pl (art group) formed.
• 1939
  • 6 September: German forces enter city.
  • 4 November: City becomes seat of Nazi German General Government of occupied Poland.
• 1941 - March: Kraków Ghetto of Jews established by occupying Germans.
• 1945
  • January: Russians take city; German occupation ends.
  • Historical Museum of Kraków established.
• 1946 - Krakow Polytechnic established.
• 1949
  • Gazeta Krakowska newspaper begins publication.
  • Development of Nowa Huta area begins.
• 1950
  • pl founded.
  • Population: 347,500.
• 1951 - Polish Academy of Sciences' Division of Medicinal Plants established.
• 1954
  • Lenin Steelworks begins operating.
  • Opera Krakowska founded.
• 1955
  • Cricot 2 theatre group formed.
  • Population: 428,231.
• 1959 - Krzysztofory Gallery and pl (cinema). open.
• 1961 - Kraków Film Festival begins.
• 1964
  • Balice Airport begins operating.
  • Karol Wojtyła becomes Catholic archbishop.
• 1965 – Population: 520,145.
• 1967 - pl (cinema) opens.
• 1973 - Tyniec becomes part of Kraków.
• 1975 - Population: 684,600.
• 1978 - Kraków Old Town designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• 1988 - Jewish Culture Festival in Kraków begins.
• 1990 - pl newspaper begins publication.
• 1993 - Institute for Strategic Studies established.[1]
• 1997 - Cracow Klezmer Band formed.
• 1998 - Andrzej Maria Gołaś becomes mayor.
• 1999 - City becomes part of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.

21st century

• 2000 - City designated an European Capital of Culture.
• 2002 - Jacek Majchrowski becomes mayor.
• 2006 - Galeria Krakowska shopping mall in business.
• 2008
  • Kraków Fast Tram begins operating.
  • International Festival of Independent Cinema Off Plus Camera begins.
• 2009
  • pl (cinema) opens.
  • Sister city relationship established with San Francisco, USA.
• 2010
  • Museum of Contemporary Art in Kraków, Oskar Schindler's Enamel Factory museum, and pl open.
  • Paderewski monument erected in pl.
• 2012 - Population: 758,300.
• 2014 - May: Kraków referendum, 2014 held; Kraków bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics withdrawn.

See also

• History of Kraków
• Other names of Kraków, e.g. Krakau
• List of mayors of Kraków
• List of churches of Kraków
• Synagogues of Kraków
• List of events in Kraków (currently ongoing)
• List of Polish monarchs, some crowned in Kraków

References

This article incorporates information from the Polish Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in the 18th-19th century

Published in the 20th century

• K.Z. Sowa (1984). "The development of Kraków in the nineteenth century against the background of the historic role of the city." (in) B. Hamm and B. Jaowiecki (eds.), Urbanism and human values. Bonn: BFLR, pp. 101–128.

Published in the 21st century