Totok
Totok is a Bahasa language term colloquially used in Indonesia to refer to individuals of Dutch and other European origin who lived in the Dutch East Indies until Indonesian independence in 1949.[1] In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries it was popularised among colonists in Batavia, who initially coined the term to describe the foreign born and new immigrants of "pure blood" - as opposed to Eurasians or Indos.[2] When more Dutchmen were born in the East Indies, the term gained significance in describing those of exclusive European ancestry, or local creoles closer to that side of the racial spectrum.[1]
An antonym of Totok is Peranakan, meaning simply "descendants", which is used for other races that mixed with indigenous Asian peoples.[3]
Contents
Famous Dutch Totoks and descendants
- nl, (Semarang, Java, 1922) founder of the North Sea Jazz festival
- Albert Alberts, award winning author, journalist
- Beb Bakhuys
- Frits Bolkenstein, politician
- Ben Bot, minister
- Hans van den Broek, minister
- Jeroen Brouwers, author
- Conrad Busken Huet (1826-1886), newspaper editor on Java (1868-1876)
- Louis Couperus (1863–1923), childhood in Batavia, Java (1871–1877), author of The Hidden Force (1900)
- P.A.Daum (1850-1898), newspaperman, author
- Johan Fabricius (1899-1981), author of De Scheepsjongens van Bontekoe (1923)
- Anthony Fokker (Blitar, Java, 1890), aviation pioneer
- Hella Haasse (Batavia, Java, 1918), award winning author
- Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema (Surabaya, Java, 1917), decorated WWII hero
- W. R. van Hoëvell (1812-1879) Church minister of Batavia, political activist (1838-1848)
- Xaviera Hollander, author
- Rudy Kousbroek, author
- Liesbeth List, singer
- nl, artist, singer
- Willem Oltmans, journalist, author
- Helga Ruebsamen, author
- Mark Rutte, Dutch prime-minister
- Multatuli (1820-1887), Resident on Ambon and Java (1838-1858), iconic author
- F. Springer, author
- Madelon Szekely-Lulofs (Surabaya, 1899) author of Rubber(1931)[4] and Koelie (1931)[5]
- Bram van der Stok (Plaju, Sumatra, 1915), decorated WWII hero
- Peter Tazelaar (Bukittingi, Sumatra, 1922), decorated WWII hero
- Edgar Vos (Makassar, 1931), fashion designer
- Margaretha Geertruida Zelle, Matahari, spy
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Willems, Wim "Tjalie Robinson; Biografie van een Indo-schrijver" Chapter: Een Totok als vader (Publisher: Bert Bakker, 2008) P.45 ISBN 9789035133099
- ↑ Tan, Mely G. (2008) (in English and Indonesian), Etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia: Kumpulan Tulisan [Ethnic Chinese in Indonesia: Collected Writings], (Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2008) ISBN 978-979-461-689-5 P.1
- ↑ Rubber by Madelon Szekely-Lulofs on DBNL website.
- ↑ Koelie by Madelon Szekely-Lulofs on DBNL website.
Bibliography
- (Indonesian) Sastrowardoyo, Subagio Sastra Hindia Belanda dan kita (Publisher: PT Balai Pustaka, Jakarta, 1990) P.21 ISBN 979-407-278-8 [1]
- Taylor, Jean Gelman. The Social World of Batavia: European and Eurasian in Dutch Asia (Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1983). ISBN 9780300097092
- Taylor, Jean Gelman. Indonesia: Peoples and Histories (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003). ISBN 0300097093
- (Dutch) Bosman, Ulbe and Raben, Remco. De oude Indische wereld 1500-1920. (Bert Bakker, Amsterdam 2003) ISBN 90-351-2572-X
External links
- Totok Hall of Fame website. Retrieved 13 Mar 2012.
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