United States Ambassador to Bahrain

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Ambassador of the United States to Bahrain
سفارة الولايات المتحدة في مملكة البحرين
Seal of the United States Department of State.svg
Seal of the United States Department of State
William V. Roebuck.jpg
Incumbent
Ambassador William V. Roebuck
since January 2015
Website U.S. Embassy - Manama

The United States Ambassador to Bahrain is the official representative of the President of the United States to the head of state of Bahrain. The current Ambassador to Bahrain is William V. Roebuck.

Until 1971, Bahrain had been part of a British protectorate along with the other sheikhdoms in the Persian Gulf. In 1971 the protectorate ended and seven of the other sheikhdoms joined in a federation to become the United Arab Emirates. Bahrain, however, did not join the federation, but declared its independence on August 15, 1971. The United States recognized the State of Bahrain on the same day and moved to establish diplomatic relations. The U.S. Embassy in Manama was opened on September 21, 1971, with John N. Gatch, Jr. as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim. Ambassador William A. Stoltzfus, Jr. presented his credentials to the government of Bahrain on February 17, 1972. Stoltzfus was concurrently the ambassador to Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates, while resident in Kuwait. The first ambassador commissioned solely to Bahrain was Joseph W. Twinam in 1974.[1]

Ambassadors and chiefs of mission

U.S. diplomatic terms

Career FSO
After 1915, The United States Department of State began classifying ambassadors as career Foreign Service Officers (FSOs) for those who have served in the Foreign Service for a specified amount of time.

Political appointee
A person who is not a career foreign service officer, but is appointed by the president (often as a reward to political friends).

Appointed
The date that the ambassador took the oath of office; also known as “commissioning”. It follows confirmation of a presidential appointment by the Senate, or a Congressional-recess appointment by the president. In the case of a recess appointment, the ambassador requires subsequent confirmation by the Senate.

Presented credentials
The date that the ambassador presented his letter of credence to the head of state or appropriate authority of the receiving nation. At this time the ambassador officially becomes the representative of his country. This would normally occur a short time after the ambassador’s arrival on station. The host nation may reject the ambassador by not receiving the ambassador’s letter, but this occurs only rarely.

Terminated mission
Usually the date that the ambassador left the country. In some cases a letter of recall is presented, ending the ambassador’s commission, either as a means of diplomatic protest or because the diplomat is being reassigned elsewhere and replaced by another envoy.

Chargé d'affaires
The person in charge of the business of the embassy when there is no ambassador commissioned to the host country. See chargé d'affaires.

Ad interim
Latin phrase meaning "for the time being", "in the meantime". See ad interim.
  • John N. Gatch, Jr. – Career FSO
    • Title: Chargé d'Affaires ad interim
    • Appointed: September 21, 1971
    • Presented credentials: —
    • Terminated mission: Superseded by ambassador, February 17, 1972
  • William A. Stoltzfus, Jr. – Career FSO[2]
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: December 9, 1971
    • Presented credentials: February 17, 1972
    • Terminated mission: Superseded by Ambassador Twinam, June 9, 1974
  • Joseph W. Twinam – Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: May 24, 1974
    • Presented credentials: June 10, 1974
    • Terminated mission: Left post August 10, 1976
  • Wat T. Cluverius IV – Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: October 4, 1976
    • Presented credentials: October 23, 1976
    • Terminated mission: Left post August 2, 1978
  • Robert Pelletreau – Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: February 9, 1979
    • Presented credentials: March 10, 1979
    • Terminated mission: Left post April 3, 1980
  • Peter A. Sutherland – Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: June 30, 1980
    • Presented credentials: July 12, 1980
    • Terminated mission: Left post September 1, 1983
  • Donald C. Leidel – Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: October 7, 1983
    • Presented credentials: November 12, 1983
    • Terminated mission: Left post October 1, 1986
  • Sam H. Zakhem – Political appointee
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: September 12, 1986
    • Presented credentials: October 6, 1986
    • Terminated mission: Left post August 1, 1989
  • Charles Warren Hostler – Political appointee
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: October 10, 1989
    • Presented credentials: October 28, 1989
    • Terminated mission: Left post March 1, 1993
  • David S. Robins – Career FSO
    • Title: Chargé d'Affaires a.i., 1993–94
  • David M. Ransom – Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: July 5, 1994
    • Presented credentials: July 18, 1994
    • Terminated mission: Left post July 28, 1997
  • Johnny Young – Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: November 7, 1997
    • Presented credentials: December 11, 1997
    • Terminated mission: Left post September 29, 2001
  • Ronald E. Neumann – Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: September 17, 2001
    • Presented credentials: October 9, 2001
    • Terminated mission: Left post June 7, 2004
  • William T. Monroe – Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: July 2, 2004
    • Presented credentials: August 31, 2004
    • Terminated mission: Left post August 5, 2007
  • J. Adam Ereli – Political appointee
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: July 2, 2007
    • Presented credentials: September 12, 2007
    • Terminated mission: c. June 2011
  • Thomas C. Krajeski - Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: October 26, 2011
    • Terminated mission: Left post December 15, 2014
  • William V. Roebuck - Career FSO
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Appointed: November 18, 2014
    • Presented credentials: January 20, 2015
    • Incumbent

Notes

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Stoltzfus was concurrently accredited also to Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates, while resident at Kuwait.

See also

References

External links

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