Uzana I of Pinya

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For other people named Uzana, see Uzana (disambiguation).
Uzana I of Pinya
ပထမ ဥဇနာ (ပင်းယ)
King of Pinya
Reign c. February 1325 – 1 September 1340
Predecessor Thihathu
Successor Sithu of Pinya
Born c. June 1298
Died late 1356/early 1357 (aged 58)[1]
Consort Atula Maha Dhamma Dewi[2]
Issue Sithu Min Okka
Saw Pa Oh[3]
Full name
Anawrahta Maha Dipati[2]
House Myinsaing
Father Kyawswa of Pagan
Mother Mi Saw U[4]
Religion Theravada Buddhism

Uzana I of Pinya (Burmese: ပထမ ဥဇနာ (ပင်းယ), pronounced: [pətʰàma̰ ʔṵzənà]; 1298 – 1356) king of Pinya Kingdom from 1325 to 1340. Uzana inherited from his stepfather Thihathu the kingdom of Pinya, which covered roughly the eastern part the Irrawaddy river and southern parts of central Burma (Myanmar). The western and extreme northern parts of central Burma was the domain of the Sagaing Kingdom, founded by Thihathu's eldest son, Saw Yun.

Uzana I, an ethnic Burman, was essentially a nominal king of a kingdom dominated by ethnic Shan ministers of the court. In 1340, Uzana I abdicated the throne and became a hermit. He was eventually succeeded by his half-brother, Kyawswa I, son of his mother and Thihathu.

Background

Uzana was a grandson of King Narathihapate, the last sovereign king of Pagan Kingdom. Uzana's father Kyawswa of Pagan and his wife Mi Saw U were half-brother and half-sister. (Their father was Narathihapate.) Uzana was still in his mother's womb in December 1297 when his father Kyawswa was overthrown by the Three Shan Brothers. As Mi Saw U was three months pregnant at the time,[5] Uzana was likely born circa June 1298. The youngest Shan brother, Thihathu, now co-regent of Myinsaing Kingdom, married his mother, and raised her as queen. Thihathu adopted Uzana as his own son.[6]

Ancestry of Uzana I of Pinya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8. Uzana of Pagan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4. Narathihapate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9. Su Le Htone of Pagan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2. Kyawswa of Pagan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10. unnamed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5. Shin Hpa of Pagan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11. unnamed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1. Uzana I of Pinya
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 12. Uzana of Pagan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6. Narathihapate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13. Su Le Htone of Pagan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3. Mi Saw U
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 14. unnamed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7. Shin Shwe of Pagan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 15. unnamed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Heir Apparent (1313–1325)

On 7 February 1313, Thihathu moved the capital to Pinya, and appointed Uzana as his heir-apparent.[5] Thihathu's eldest biological son Saw Yun resented the choice, and in 1315 set up a rival kingdom out of Sagaing, a few miles south of Pinya across the Irrawaddy. Thihathu sent Uzana to retake Sagaing but the expeditionary force failed to take the fortified city. Another expedition led by Kyawswa failed.[7] Saw Yun nominally remained loyal to his father who no longer had the energy to punish a rebellious son.[6]

Uzana was however able to redeem himself. In 1317–18, he marched to Toungoo (Taungoo), and put down a rebellion.[8]

Reign

When Thihathu died in 1325, the two kingdoms formally separated. Uzana's Pinya Kingdom ruled the eastern side of the Irrawaddy and the southern parts of central Burma while the Sagaing Kingdom ruled the western and northern parts. Uzana, a last vestige of Pagan dynasty, was an anomaly in the Pinya court dominated by Shan ministers and warriors. Although his reign lasted for 15 years, he was essentially a caretaker of the throne for his eventual successor and maternal half-brother, Kyawswa I. The younger Kyawswa, the son of Thihathu and a grandson of Narathipate, seemed a perfect choice as he possessed lineage from both the old (Pagan) and new (Pinya) dynasties.

On 1 September 1340, Uzana abdicated the throne, and became a hermit. According to the royal chronicles, he abdicated the throne in 1342 (704 ME)[9] but inscriptional evidence shows that he actually abdicated on 1 September 1340. Moreover, although the chronicles say that Uzana handed over the throne to Kyawswa I, the inscription indicates that the successor was Myinsaing Sithu, uncle and father-in-law of Kyawswa I. However, there is no mention of Myinsaing Sithu in any of the chronicles.[10]

Death

The former king died as a monk at age 58.[1]

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kala Vol. 1 2006: 350
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 377
  3. ↑ Than Tun 1959: 127
  4. ↑ Harvey 1925: 79–80
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 371
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Htin Aung 1967: 77
  7. ↑ Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 375–376
  8. ↑ Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 372
  9. ↑ Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 379
  10. ↑ Than Tun 1959: 124

References

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Uzana I of Pinya
Born: June 1298 Died: late 1356/early 1357
Regnal titles
Preceded by King of Pinya
February 1325 – 1 September 1340		 Succeeded by
Sithu of Pinya
Royal titles
Preceded by
None
 Heir to the Pinya Throne
7 February 1313 – February 1325		 Succeeded by
Kyawswa I
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