Viggo Kampmann

Viggo Kampmann
File:Viggo Kampmann.jpg
Prime Minister of Denmark
In office 21 February 1960 – 3 September 1962
Monarch	Frederick IX
Preceded by	Hans Christian Hansen
Succeeded by	Jens Otto Krag
Personal details
Born	(1910-07-21)21 July 1910 Frederiksberg
Died	Store Torøje, Faxe
Political party	Social Democrats

Viggo Olfert Fischer Kampmann (Danish pronunciation: [ˈʋiɡo ˈʌlfɐd ˈfiɕɐ ˈkɑmpmaˀn]) (21 July 1910 – 3 June 1976) was the leader of the Danish Social Democrats and Prime Minister of Denmark from 19 February 1960 until 3 September 1962. His cabinet before the 1960 election was called the Cabinet of Viggo Kampmann I and the cabinet he formed after that election was called the Cabinet of Viggo Kampmann II. Before becoming Prime Minister he was Finance Minister from 30 September 1953 to 21 February 1960 in the Cabinet of Hans Hedtoft II and the Cabinet of H. C. Hansen I and II.

Kampmann was born in Frederiksberg Denmark. He came from an academic background and was the first academic to rise to a high rank in the Danish Social Democratic Party. Before becoming Minister of Finance he worked in the newly formed economical secretariat as the Financial Minister's closest adviser. He was first elected to the Folketing in 1953.

When Prime Minister and Social Democrat H. C. Hansen died in February 1960 Kampmann succeeded him, creating the Cabinet of Viggo Kampmann I. H. C. Hansen had cooperated with the Danish Social Liberal Party and Retsforbundet, but Viggo Kampmann had problems working with Retsforbundet. After the 1960 Danish parliamentary election Retsforbundet failed to get into Folketinget and the Danish Social Liberal Party went from 14 to 11 mandates. But the Social Democrats gained 6 mandates to 76, and Viggo Kampmann was able to form a minority government with the Danish Social Liberal Party, the Cabinet of Viggo Kampmann II.

A number of progressive reforms were introduced during Kampmann's time as Prime Minister. The Rehabilitation Act of March 1960 established a unified framework providing rehabilitation, aids, vocational training, and special training centres for partially disabled and handicapped persons. Under the New Public Assistance Act of May 1961 (which replaced the 1933 Act) public assistance no longer resulted in the loss of political rights and restrictions on marriage. In 1961, health insurance was made compulsory.

In 1962 the oms, the precursor to the moms, was introduced.

Kampmann was one of the most intelligent and knowledgeable Danish Prime Ministers, though his conduct in office was erratic. Through most of his adult life he suffered from bipolar disorder, and in his darker moments he tended towards alcoholism and frequently 'disappeared' from view for days at a time, leaving the government without its head. The press of the day, more discreet than their contemporary peers, never publicised any of this.

Viggo Kampmann resigned on 3 September 1962 after a series of heart attacks, and was succeeded by Jens Otto Krag as leader of the Social Democrats and as Prime Minister. In retirement he worked as a political commentator and head of the Press Complaints Commission. Viggo Kampmann died in Store Torøje on 3 June 1976.

References

• Kristian Hvidt, Statsministre i Danmark fra 1913 til 1995 (1995)
• Growth to Limits: The Western European Welfare States Since World War II, Volume 4 edited by Peter Flora
• https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jI0b97hNv1oC&pg=PA7&dq=denmark+health+insurance+1960&hl=en&sa=X&ei=9BJiVbiWFIOQ7Aay44KICA&ved=0CEMQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=denmark%20health%20insurance%201960&f=false

Political offices
Preceded by Hans Christian Hansen	Finance Minister of Denmark 16 September 1950 – 30 October 1950	Succeeded by Thorkil Kristensen
Preceded by Thorkil Kristensen	Finance Minister of Denmark 30 September 1953 – 31 March 1960	Succeeded by Kjeld Philip
Preceded by Hans Christian Hansen	Prime Minister of Denmark 21 February 1960 – 3 September 1962	Succeeded by Jens Otto Krag
Party political offices
Preceded by H. C. Hansen	Leader of the Danish Social Democrats 1960–1962	Succeeded by Jens Otto Krag