Voiced labiodental stop

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Voiced labiodental plosive
IPA Number 102 408
Encoding
Entity (decimal) b​̪
Unicode (hex) U+0062 U+032A
X-SAMPA b_d
Braille ⠃ (braille pattern dots-12) ⠠ (braille pattern dots-6) ⠹ (braille pattern dots-1456)

The voiced labiodental stop is a consonant sound produced like a [b], but with the lower lip contacting the upper teeth, as in [v]. This can be represented in the IPA as ⟨⟩. A separate symbol that is sometimes seen, especially in Bantu linguistics but not recognized by the IPA, is the db ligatureȸ⟩.

The voiced labiodental stop is not known to be phonemic in any language. However, it does occur allophonically:

In the Austronesian language Sika, this sound occurs as an allophone of the labiodental flap in careful pronunciation.[citation needed]

The XiNkuna dialect of Tsonga has affricates, [p̪͡f] (voiceless labiodental affricate) and [b̪͡v] (voiced labiodental affricate) (that is, [ȹ͡f] and [ȸ͡v]), which unlike the bilabial-labiodental affricate [p͡f] of German are purely labiodental.

Features

Features of the "voiced labiodental stop":

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Danish Standard[1] véd [b̪̆e̝ːˀð̠˕ˠ] 'know(s)' Rather short; also described as an approximant [ʋ]. A rare alternative is a fricative [v].[2] See Danish phonology
Sika[citation needed] [example needed] Allophone of /ⱱ/ in careful pronunciation.

References

  1. Basbøll (2005), p. 27.
  2. Basbøll (2005), pp. 27 and 66.

Bibliography

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