Voiced palatal fricative

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Voiced palatal fricative
ʝ
IPA Number 139
Encoding
Entity (decimal) ʝ
Unicode (hex) U+029D
X-SAMPA j\
Braille ⠦ (braille pattern dots-236) ⠚ (braille pattern dots-245)

The voiced palatal fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʝ⟩ (crossed-tail j), or in broad transcriptionj⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is j\.

The voiced palatal fricative is a very rare sound, occurring in only seven of the 317 languages surveyed by the original UCLA Phonological Segment Inventory Database.[citation needed] In four of the languages listed below (Kabyle, Margi, Modern Greek, and Scottish Gaelic) this sound occurs phonemically along with its voiceless counterpart and in several more as a result of phonological processes.

There is also a voiced post-palatal fricative (also called pre-velar, fronted velar etc.) in some languages.

Features

Features of the voiced palatal fricative:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Asturian frayar [fɾäˈʝär] 'to destroy'
Berber Kabyle cceǥ [ʃʃəʝ] 'to slip'
Catalan Majorcan[1] figuera [fiˈʝeɾə] 'fig tree' Occurs in complementary distribution with [ɟ]. Corresponds to [ɣ] in other varieties. See Catalan phonology
Danish Standard[2] talg [ˈtˢælˀʝ] 'tallow' Possible word-final allophone of /j/ when it occurs after /l/.[2] See Danish phonology
Dutch Southern geld [ʝ̠ɛl̪t̪] 'money' Post-palatal; more back in other dialects. See Hard and soft G in Dutch and Dutch phonology
Greek Cypriot[3] ελιά [e̞ˈʝːɐ] 'olive' Allophone of /ʎ/
Standard Modern[4][5] γένος <phonos file="Ell-Genos.ogg">[ˈʝ̠e̞no̞s̠ ]</phonos> 'gender' Post-palatal.[4][5] See Modern Greek phonology
Hungarian[6] dobj be [dobʝ bɛ] 'throw (one/some) in' An allophone of /j/. See Hungarian phonology
Irish[7] an ghrian [ənʲ ˈʝɾʲiən̪ˠ] 'the sun' See Irish phonology
Italian Southern dialects figlio [ˈfiʝːo] 'son' Corresponds to /ʎ/ in standard Italian. See Italian phonology
Limburgish Weert dialect[8] gèr [ʝ̠ɛ̈ːʀ̝̊] 'gladly' Post-palatal; allophone of /ɣ/ before and after front vowels.[8]
Norwegian Standard Eastern[9][10][11][12] gi [ʝiː] 'to give' Allophone of /j/, especially before and after close vowels and in energetic speech.[12] See Norwegian phonology
Pashto Ghilji and Wardak dialects[13] موږ [muʝ] 'we'
Ripuarian zeije [ˈt͡sɛʝə] 'to show'
Scottish Gaelic[14] dhiubh [ʝu] 'of them' See Scottish Gaelic phonology
Spanish[15] sayo [ˈsaʝo̞] 'smock' More often is an approximant. May also be represented by ⟨ll⟩ in most dialects. See Yeísmo
Swedish[16] jord <phonos file="sv-jord.ogg">[ʝuːɖ]</phonos> 'soil' See Swedish phonology

See also

References

Bibliography

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