Voiced retroflex sibilant

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Voiced retroflex sibilant
ʐ
IPA Number 137
Encoding
Entity (decimal) ʐ
Unicode (hex) U+0290
X-SAMPA z`
Braille ⠲ (braille pattern dots-256) ⠵ (braille pattern dots-1356)

The voiced retroflex sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʐ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is z`.Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of a z (the letter used for the corresponding alveolar consonant).

Some scholars transcribe the laminal variant of this sound as /ʒ/, even though it is not palatalized. In such cases the voiced palato-alveolar sibilant is transcribed /ʒʲ/.

Features

Features of the voiced retroflex fricative:

Occurrence

In the following transcriptions, diacritics may be used to distinguish between apical [ʐ̺] and laminal [ʐ̻].

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Abkhaz абжа [ˈabʐa] 'half' See Abkhaz phonology
Adyghe жъы <phonos file="Zheaaa2.ogg">[ʐ̻ə]</phonos> 'old' Laminal.
Chinese Mandarin /ròu <phonos file="Zh-ròu.ogg">[ʐoʊ̯˥˩]</phonos> 'meat' May also be a retroflex approximant ([ɻ]). See Mandarin phonology
Faroese renn [ʐɛn] 'run'
Italian Marked accents of Emilia-Romagna[1] caso [ˈkäːʐo] 'case' Apical;[1] may be [z̺ʲ] or [ʒ] instead.[1] It corresponds to [z] in standard Italian. See Italian phonology
Lower Sorbian[2][3] Łužyca [ˈwuʐɨt͡sa] 'Lusatia'
Mapudungun[4] 'rayen [ʐɜˈjën] 'flower' May be [ɻ] or [ɭ] instead.[4]
Marrithiyel Marri Tjevin dialect [wiˈɲaʐu] 'they are laughing' Voicing is non-contrastive.
Pashto Southern dialect تږى‎ [ˈtəʐai] 'thirsty' See Pashto phonology
Polish Standard[5] żona <phonos file="Pl-żona-2.ogg">[ˈʐ̻ɔn̪ä]</phonos> 'wife' Also represented by ⟨rz⟩ and when written so, it can be instead pronounced as the raised alveolar non-sonorant trill by few speakers.[6] It is transcribed as /ʒ/ by most Polish scholars. See Polish phonology
Southeastern Cuyavian dialects[7] zapłacił [ʐäˈpwät͡ɕiw] 'he paid' Some speakers. It's a result of hypercorrecting the more popular merger of /ʐ/ and /z/ into [z].
Suwałki dialect[8]
Russian[5] жена <phonos file="Ru-жена.ogg">[ʐɨ̞ˈna]</phonos> 'wife' See Russian phonology
Serbo-Croatian жут / žut [ʐûːt̪] 'yellow' Laminal. It may be palato-alveolar instead, depending on the dialect. See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Slovak[9] žaba [ˈʐaba] 'frog'
Tilquiapan Zapotec[10] ? [ʐan] 'bottom'
Torwali[11] ? [ʂuʐ] 'straight'
Ubykh [ʐa] 'firewood' See Ubykh phonology
Upper Sorbian Some villages north of Hoyerswerda[12][13] [example needed] Corresponds to [ʒ] in standard language. See Upper Sorbian phonology
Vietnamese Southern dialects rô [ʐow] 'diamond' See Vietnamese phonology
Yi ry [ʐʐ̩˧] 'grass'

See also

References

Bibliography

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