WCBS (AM)

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WCBS
WCBS Logo
City of license New York City
Broadcast area New York metropolitan area
Branding WCBS Newsradio 880
Slogan "We are Newsradio"
Frequency 880 kHz (also on HD Radio)
(also on HD Radio via WCBS-FM-HD2)
First air date September 20, 1924; 99 years ago (1924-09-20)
Format Commercial, All News
Language(s) English
Power 50,000 watts
Class A (Clear channel)
Facility ID 9636
Transmitter coordinates Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
(main antenna)
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
(auxiliary antenna)
Callsign meaning W Columbia Broadcasting System
(former legal name of CBS)
Former callsigns WAHG (1924–1926)
WABC (1926–1946)
Former frequencies 920 kHz (1924–1928)
970 kHz (1928)
860 kHz (1928–1941)
Affiliations CBS Radio News
Owner CBS Radio
(CBS Radio East Inc.)
Sister stations WCBS-FM, WCBS-TV, WFAN, WFAN-FM, WINS, WLNY-TV, WBMP, WWFS
Webcast Listen Live
Website newyork.cbslocal.com/station/wcbs-880/

WCBS (880 AM), often referred to as "WCBS Newsradio 880" (pronounced as "Eight Eighty"), is a radio station in New York City. Owned by CBS Radio, the station broadcasts on a clear channel and is the flagship station of CBS Radio News.[1] The station's studios are located in the combined CBS Radio facility in the Hudson Square area of Manhattan, and the transmitter is located on High Island in the Bronx, New York.

WCBS broadcasts in the HD format.[2]

History

Before the news

The station's history traces back to 1924, when Alfred H. Grebe started WAHG at 920 AM. WAHG was a pioneering station in New York, and was one of the first commercial radio stations to broadcast from remote locations including horse races and yachting events. Two years later, in 1926, Alfred Grebe changed the station's call sign to WABC (for his Atlantic Broadcasting Company) after concluding a business arrangement with the Ashland Battery Company (which had owned the call sign for a station in Asheville, North Carolina) and moved his studios to West 57th Street, which would not be the last time the station would operate from 57th Street.

In 1928, General Order 40 moved the station's frequency to 970 AM, and the station became a part-time affiliate of the Columbia Broadcasting System, which was looking for a full-time radio presence in New York City (CBS's first flagship was WOR). After a short time broadcasting CBS programming three days a week, CBS president William S. Paley purchased WABC and it became a subsidiary of CBS.

Soon after this purchase the station moved to a new frequency, this time to 860 AM, and would eventually increase its transmitting power from 5,000 to its present 50,000 watts. The station also moved its studios into the CBS headquarters at 485 Madison Avenue (on the corner of 52nd Street). The station, still operating as WABC, featured a mix of local interest programming, ethnic content and music programs from CBS's national feed. As time went by, WABC turned more and more to the national programming provided by CBS and its affiliates, and its broadcast day was influenced by CBS's growing interest in news programming. In 1939, the broadcasting operations were moved across 52nd Street from the headquarters to the new CBS Studio Building. In 1941, WABC moved to the frequency it currently occupies, 880 AM, and changed its call letters to WCBS on November 2, 1946, to identify more closely with its parent network, the Columbia Broadcasting System or CBS, and avoid possible confusion with the rival network of the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), which had begun operation in 1943. As a result, this station has no relation to the longtime ABC radio flagship station on 770 AM that began in 1921 as WJZ, and has operated as WABC since 1953.

Over the next 20 years WCBS developed a series of radio soap operas, afternoon talk shows and an all night easy-listening music show, "Music 'til Dawn" hosted by Bob Hall and sponsored by American Airlines. During this time WCBS featured well-known personalities including Arthur Godfrey, future CBS News President Bill Leonard, author Emily Kimbrough and folk singer Oscar Brand.

Fear on Trial

One cause célèbre involving WCBS emerged in the 1950s. One of its daytime hosts, John Henry Faulk, was part of an anti-blacklisting wing (including legendary CBS newsman Charles Collingwood) that took over leadership of the flagship New York chapter of the broadcasters' union AFTRA.

After Faulk and WCBS came under pressure from anti-Communist group Aware, Inc., Faulk and attorney Louis Nizer sued Aware, Inc. for libel, a case often considered one of the key turning points in the battle against McCarthyism. Faulk was supported by fellow CBS broadcaster Edward R. Murrow, who was tipped off to Faulk's plight by Carl Sandburg. According to Murrow biographer Joe Persico, Murrow gave Faulk the money he needed to retain Nizer as his lawyer.[3] Faulk finally won the case in 1963, in the meantime becoming a popular radio personality in his native Texas, and later, a national television personality as a regular in the cast of the country music/humor variety show Hee Haw.

WCBS fired Faulk because of declining ratings while he waited for the case to come to trial,[4] but Stanley Cloud and Lynne Olson's book The Murrow Boys asserted[citation needed] that WCBS executive Arthur Hull Hayes admitted on the stand the station's overall ratings, not Faulk's specifically, had slipped.

The controversy became the subject of the 1975 CBS television movie Fear on Trial, based in part on Faulk's autobiography of the same name.

Time announcement

Since 1924, WCBS has been known for announcing the time constantly every three minutes.[citation needed] This is because during the early 20th century, not all listeners had reliable time pieces.[citation needed] They relied on syncing their clocks up with the radio almost every day. To this day, WCBS announces the time frequently. On the hour, WCBS plays the iconic and distinctive CBS network "ding" indicating that the time is on the hour (although the station now broadcasts with a 10-second delay). The time is distinctly introduced with "WCBS news time: _:__". This standard practice, with slight variations, is also used at other CBS-owned-and-operated news radio stations nationwide.

Now, the news

By the late 1950s and early 1960s, WCBS evolved into a Middle of the road (MOR) music and personality format, which included limited talk programming. Personalities included legendary morning host Jack Sterling, Bill Randle and Lee Jordan. Like many MOR stations at the time, WCBS did mix in softer songs by rock-and-roll artists, as its ratings at the time were ordinary compared to the higher ratings at WOR and WNEW, both of which also had MOR formats and more distinct identities. Through it all, the variety show "Arthur Godfrey Time" remained a weekday mid-morning staple. Eventually, WCBS gained a foothold in local news coverage (WOR and WNEW's strengths) bolstered by its standing as CBS's flagship radio station.

During the 1960s, CBS chairman William S. Paley was concerned about the station's low ratings, and that concern started a process that would lead to the creation of a news radio format that would become known as "Newsradio 88". This format debuted on August 28, 1967 – although on WCBS-FM, because a small airplane had crashed into and destroyed the WCBS-AM antenna tower just a few hours earlier. Its original roster of anchors included Charles Osgood, Ed Bradley, Robert Vaughn (not related to the actor of the same name) and Pat Summerall. Later anchors included longtime anchor Lou Adler, and others like Jim Donnelly, Harvey Hauptman, Bill Lynch and Gary Maurer.

Initially, the station ran news in the drive time periods but maintained an MOR format during the midday and overnight hours, and within a couple of years, it ran all-news programming for much of the broadcast day except for overnights. "Newsradio 88" began its transformation into an all-news format[5] in 1970, when the overnight American Airlines-sponsored Music Till Dawn ended in January of that year, and completed the process in 1972, when Godfrey's weekday morning variety show came to an end. The station built a reputation as an all-news powerhouse[6] during the 1970s, and has continued with an all-news format to this day.

Although WINS has usually received the higher Arbitron ratings of the two all-news stations, WCBS has had the stronger ratings in the outlying suburbs because of its broadcast-signal pattern. Its traffic reports and news coverage includes more of Long Island and the northern and western suburbs of New York City than WINS, and it occasionally allows room for longer interviews and analysis pieces than does WINS. The station is less tightly formatted than WINS, and formats at a half-hour cycle instead of a 20-minute cycle.[7] Also unlike WINS, WCBS does not change anchors every thirty minutes during its daily schedule. Instead, each anchor or anchor team has a set shift from 5 AM until 9 PM, with two anchors switching every hour after that.

In October 2000, WCBS made another physical move, this time from CBS corporate headquarters at 51 West 52nd Street (the building known as "Black Rock") to the CBS Broadcast Center at 524 West 57th Street. Around this time, the station began referring to itself on air as "Newsradio 880". On December 2, 2011, the station moved its operations again to 345 Hudson Street, known as the Hudson Square Broadcast Center, sharing space with CBS Radio's other New York stations.

WCBS' format consists of the following:

-CBS Radio News at the top of each hour, with updates interspersed when necessary
-sports reports at :15 and :45 past the hour
-business news from Bloomberg Radio at :25 and :55 past the hour (formerly provided by The Wall Street Journal)
-traffic reports and weather forecasts ("Traffic and Weather Together") every ten minutes "on the eights", starting at :08 past the hour
-simulcast of CBS Evening News daily at 6:30 PM
-simulcast of 60 Minutes Sunday nights

"Traffic and Weather Together"

For years, WCBS has sold the fact that it pairs its traffic and weather reports every ten minutes and came up with the tagline "Traffic and Weather Together" to promote this. The station's chief meteorologist, Craig Allen, and its rush hour traffic reporter Tom Kaminski have both been with WCBS for over three decades and recorded a series of commercials together to that effect.

WCBS' promotional work was the inspiration for the title of the Fountains of Wayne album Traffic and Weather, according to an interview the New Jersey based band gave to the station.

Influence

WCBS' switch to all-news was directly spurred by the switch of WINS to a similar format in April 1965. It was also the first move in CBS Radio's long-term plans to convert its group of AM stations – along with WCBS, the group was then composed of KNX in Los Angeles, WBBM in Chicago, WCAU in Philadelphia, KMOX in St. Louis, WEEI in Boston, and KCBS in San Francisco – to some form of news programming. Once WCBS had been established in the format, CBS began to work on the rest of its AM outlets. KCBS, KNX and WBBM all transitioned in 1968. WEEI adopted an all-news format in 1974, and WCAU made the switch a year later. The programming shift was a gradual one just as it had been at WCBS, with the stations running all-news most of the day while some local and network non-news programming remained at first. KMOX, which had been programming a talk radio format for several years was left unaffected, though it would later evolve into a news/talk station.

In Boston, Chicago, and San Francisco, CBS-owned stations had a monopoly on the all-news format. But in New York, Los Angeles and Philadelphia, CBS had to compete with Westinghouse-owned stations (WINS, KFWB and KYW, respectively) which had adopted all-news programming before the CBS stations did. While the Los Angeles stations made the switch within days of each other, WCAU in Philadelphia did not switch to the format until 1975, giving KYW a ten-year headstart with the audience. Many blame this as the primary reason WCAU did not succeed in competing with KYW; the all-news format on WCAU lasted only three years. In contrast, the other CBS all-news stations experienced success and stability with the format. In 1995, Westinghouse merged with CBS, making WCBS a sister station to its longtime arch rival WINS.

As of 2014, CBS Radio operates ten of the country's largest all-news radio stations: WCBS, WINS, KNX, WBBM, KCBS, KYW, WBZ in Boston, WWJ in Detroit, KRLD in Dallas and WNEW-FM in the Washington, D.C. area.

Sports

WCBS has served three stints as the radio flagship of the New York Yankees baseball team, with the most recent running from 2002 until 2013. The station had previously carried the Yankees from 1939 to 1940 (when the outlet was known as WABC); and from 1960 to 1966, a period that included a time in which the team was owned by CBS Inc., which purchased a majority interest in the Yankees in 1964. The broadcaster sold the club to a group led by George Steinbrenner in 1973.

Until WFAN began broadcasting its all-sports format in 1987, WCBS was the primary outlet for CBS Radio Network coverage of professional sports events, including Major League Baseball and the National Football League. It also served as the flagship commercial station for St. John's University basketball games during the Johnnies' renaissance in the 1980s and 1990s. WCBS also served two tenures as the flagship station of the New York Jets.[8]

In its pre-all-news days, WCBS also carried the Major League Baseball New York Giants (as part of the 1930s-40s Giants-Yankees home game package), the New York Giants of the American Football League (since merged into the National Football League) and the NBA's New York Knicks. The station currently serves as an overflow station for Giants, Brooklyn Nets and New Jersey Devils games that would normally air on WFAN-AM-FM, which replaced WCBS as the Yankees' radio flagship in 2014.[9]

WCBS served as a springboard to athletes-turned-broadcasters in its pre-all-news period. Most notably, former football Giants Pat Summerall and Frank Gifford were employed in various capacities by WCBS and the CBS Radio Network late in their playing days. One of New York sports broadcasting's legendary figures, Marty Glickman, served as sports director during a time in the 1960s.

Mel Allen gained renown as an all-purpose broadcaster on WCBS and the CBS Radio Network before and during his tenure as the Yankees' lead broadcaster. Decades later, Ed Ingles (now at Hofstra University-based WRHU-FM) established a 25-year career as sports director and morning sports anchor at WCBS, reporter for the Jets and St. John's broadcasts, and mentor to several veteran local and national broadcasters such as Barry Landers, Bill Schweizer, Spencer Ross and Bill Daughtry.

WCBS online

In late 2004, WCBS began to stream its programming over the internet.[10] When WCBS served as the flagship station for the New York Yankees, they were not allowed by rule to transmit the game broadcast over their web feed.

Although WCBS is no longer home to the Yankees, as sister station WFAN is now in possession of those rights, it has since become WFAN's primary overflow station. Early season New York Giants football games are mostly carried by WCBS due to conflicts with the Yankees. The station also carries New Jersey Devils and Brooklyn Nets games that conflict with Giants games or when both teams are scheduled to play on the same night, including when either team plays while a Sunday night, Monday, or Thursday football game is also being played; the game will start on WCBS and move to WFAN when the broadcast of the primary event concludes. The station continues to offer continuous news coverage on their web feed during these events.

Retired WCBS producer/anchor Don Swaim maintains an unofficial "WCBS Appreciation Site" at http://donswaim.com/wcbsnewsradio88.html

See also

References

  1. ↑ AM Query Results – Audio Division (FCC) USA
  2. ↑ http://www.hdradio.com/station_guides/widget.php?id=45
  3. ↑ Notable New Yorkers
  4. ↑ Articles about John Henry Faulk – Los Angeles Times
  5. ↑ WCBS Schedules & Guides, Circa 1978
  6. ↑ WCBS – Historical Profile – 1978
  7. ↑ http://donswaim.com/clock-text2.jpg
  8. ↑ List of New York Jets broadcasters#cite note-9
  9. ↑ Broadcasters | mets.com: Team
  10. ↑ WCBS – New York

External links

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