Water Tribunal of the plain of Valencia
The Water Tribunal of the plain of Valencia, also known as the Tribunal of Waters (Valencian: Tribunal de les Aigües de València) is an institution of Justice to settle disputes arising from the use of irrigation water by farmers in several Irrigation Communities (Valencian: Comunitats de Regants) and canals (Quart, Benàger i Faitanar, Tormos, Mislata, Mestalla, Favara, Rascanya, Rovella and Xirivella)[1] in the Horta de València.
In 2009 it was chosen along with the Council of Wise Men of the plain of Murcia as intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO.[2]
Tribunal function
The Tribunal is a customary court. It consists of one representative, called a trustee, from each of the Irrigation Communities, nine in total, and one among them is elected president for a period of two years. Every Thursday of the week the Tribunal meets in a public and an administrative session at the Casa Vestidor at the Plaça de la Mare de Déu of Valencia to discuss various issues, mainly the distribution of water. That is when the bailiff, with the permission of the president, the reported calls from each of the canals, with the traditional phrase "denunciants de la sèquia de...!" (Valencian: "claimants of the irrigation canal of...!"). The trial takes place quickly and completely in Valencian. The complainant puts the case before the Tribunal, then the accused defends himself and answers questions. It is then when the Tribunal, with the exception of the trustee of the canal in question, to ensure fairness, decides the guilt of the defendant, and if so, is the trustee of the canal who imposes the penalty to pay for the offender, according to the Bylaws of the Irrigation Communities (Valencian: Ordenances de la pròpia Comunitat de Regants).
History
The Tribunal's origin is not fully known, although it is likely to be an evolution, based on previous Andalusi traditions. Some historians such as José Vicente Gómez Bayarri placed its origins in Roman times.[3]
The most widespread theory, but without any historical basis, is owed to Francisco Javier Borrull. His hypothesis is that there was already a precedent in Roman times, but its foundation as it operates today occurred during the reigns of the Caliphs Abd-ar-Rahman III and Al-Hakam II, specifically in 960. Borrull's reason was that during the reign of these two Caliphs was an era of complete peace on the Iberian peninsula, and therefore it must have been founded then. In fact, the millennial anniversary of the founding of the Water Tribunal took place in 1960, led by Vicente Giner Boira, legal adviser to the Tribunal at the time, and leading proponent of this theory in the twentieth century.
See also
References
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tribunal de les Aigües de València. |
- Official Tribunal website. (Spanish)
- UNESCO website. Description.
- Vicente Giner Boira Archive (Biblioteca Valenciana)
