1998 Commonwealth Games
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| Host city | Kuala Lumpur | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Country | Malaysia | ||
| Motto | Bersama-sama Gemilangkannya (Together we'll glorify this moment) |
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| Nations participating | 69 | ||
| Athletes participating | 3638 | ||
| Events | 213 in 15 sports | ||
| Opening ceremony | 11 September 1998 | ||
| Closing ceremony | 21 September 1998 | ||
| Officially opened by | Prime Minister of Malaysia Mahathir Mohamad | ||
| Officially closed by | Elizabeth II | ||
| Athlete's Oath | Shalin Zulkifli | ||
| Main venue | National Stadium, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | ||
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The 1998 XVI Commonwealth Games were held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from 11 to 21 September 1998. The 1998 games were the first held in an Asian country and the last Commonwealth Games of the 20th century. This was also the first time the games took place in a country with a head of state other than the Head of the Commonwealth. A record 69 nations (34 of which collected medals) competed, with 3,638 athletes participating. For the first time ever, the games included team sports.
The other bid from the 1998 games came from Adelaide in Australia.[1]
Contents
Overview
Participating teams
69 teams were represented at the 1998 Games.
(Teams competing for the first time are shown in bold).
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Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Australia
Bahamas
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belize
Bermuda
Botswana
British Virgin Islands
Brunei
Cameroon
Canada
Cayman Islands
Cook Islands
Cyprus
Dominica
England
Falkland Islands
Fiji
Ghana
Gibraltar
Grenada
Guernsey
Guyana
India
Isle of Man
Jamaica
Jersey
Kenya
Kiribati
Lesotho
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Malta
Mauritius
Montserrat
Mozambique
Namibia
Nauru
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Northern Ireland
Pakistan
Papua New Guinea
Saint Helena and Dependencies
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Samoa
Scotland
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Solomon Islands
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Swaziland
Tanzania
The Gambia
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks and Caicos Islands
Uganda
Vanuatu
Wales
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Opening ceremony
The 16th Commonwealth Games opening ceremony took place on 11 September 1998 at 17:30 MST (UTC+08:00). Contrary to tradition, the games were not officially opened by the Malaysian head of state, Yang di Pertuan Agong Tuanku Jaafar because he was unable to arrive to the stadium in time. Instead, the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad, opened the games. The venue for the opening and closing ceremonies was the newly built National Stadium Bukit Jalil, a 100,000-spectator capacity stadium. The theme song "Malaysiaku Gemilang" was sung by Malaysian pop singers Norzila Binti Haji Aminuddin, Shahrul Anuar Zain, Siti Roziana Binti Zain, Shaheila binti Abdul Majid, Amy Mastura Binti Suhaimi, Ning Baizura binti Sheikh Hamzah, and Siti Nurhaliza Binti Tarudin—and many other Malaysian singers also performed. The games featured 15 sports with 3638 athletes, and 69 countries in the Commonwealth of Nations has competed.
The theme of the opening ceremony was 'Unity towards Progress', which was conveyed through dance, music, and intricate human graphics. Malaysian schoolgirls unfurled hundreds of colourful umbrellas, and brightly attired performers danced. Approximately 5,000 volunteers displayed coloured cards which depicted sporting images, flags and messages that heralded the first Games in Asia in the 68 years since their inception. They created pictures of flags of the Commonwealth nations, scenes of Malaysian lifestyle, and depictions of Malaysian achievements just by changing the colour of their hand-held cards.
The end of the ceremony featured fireworks of various colours and shapes—forming hoops, flowers, and fountains. The opening ceremony's broadcast concluded at 00:00 MST, later than the time originally planned at 23:00 MST.
The Commonwealth Games's official theme, "Bersama-sama Gemilangkannya", was composed by the Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra and performed in the opening ceremony by Search. Raihan was official theme song of the 1998 Commonwealth Games.
Sports overview
The logo for these games was inspired by the national flower of Malaysia, the hibiscus (the bunga raya), and was the first time that the colour yellow was introduced in the logo. (All previous logos had been red, white and blue to reflect the colours of the British Union Flag). The official mascot for the games was Wira (Malay for "warrior" or "hero") the orang utan.[2]
The host nation was thrilled at achieving its best ever haul of ten gold medals before being surpassed by its twelve gold medals achievement in 2010 Commonwealth Games.
The 16th Commonwealth Games' host newly introduced team sports of cricket, field hockey, netball and rugby sevens and individuals sports of ten-pin bowling and squash, while of athletics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, lawn bowls, shooting, swimming and weightlifting to make a total of 15-different categories of events.
In front of 20,000-fans at the Petaling Jaya Stadium, Rugby Sevens in particularly were an enormous success with New Zealand collecting its 100th Commonwealth Games medal with a 21–12 win over the plucky Fiji, (the reigning world champions). Man of the match was the giant Jonah Lomu who had worked tirelessly during the 10-minutes each way final.
Led by veteran star David Campese, Australia took the bronze beating Samoa 33–12.
In the squash event many had anticipated a close match between Michelle Martin and Sarah Fitz-Gerald who had both comfortably won their respective semi finals. Fitz-Gerald had won the previous two years world open and Michelle the three prior to that and so it was with some surprise to many that Martin took the gold in three straight sets 9–0, 9–6, 9–5. Fitz-Gerald did avenge this defeat in the final of the world championship later that year, in what many people regard as the greatest women's final ever, coming back from 8–2 down in the fifth to retain her title.
Martin also teamed up with Craig Rowland to take the commonwealth mixed doubles gold.
Erika-Leigh Stirton took five of the six available gold medals in the rhythmic gymnastics only being beaten into second place in the team event in the hosts took gold.[3][4]
Closing ceremony
The games concluded on 21 September 1998. At the center of the field, two "sports sculpture" performers rise gradually and show different athletic gestures slowly in the air, conveying the noble Commonwealth Games spirit. Other Malaysian dance were performed while the Main Stage in tune with the rhythm of the song form was primarily a Malaysia Day and Hari Merdeka entered the stadium, flew around the athletes and danced with all athletes in the stadium and millionaire marshals in tune with the rhythm of the song of folk music ethnics based in Kuala Lumpur forming a spectacular dance circle.
Finally, Malaysian festivals performers in festive clothes, millionaire performers of minority ethnic groups, Malaysian dance performances, millionaire collectors of launched red silk and Petronas Towers and Kuala Lumpur Tower performers threw the Wira lucky cloud yarn strips into the stadium, interacting with the athletes. At the same time, innumerable dazzling fireworks were launched from the top of the "bowl rim". Then, numerous fireworks formed a huge circle of fireworks, symbolising the successful conclusion of 1998 Commonwealth Games.
The Commonwealth Games's official theme which start song "Bersama-sama Gemilangkannya" was composed by Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra was performed in the opening ceremony by Search featuring. Raihan was official theme song of the 1998 Commonwealth Games. The nation that won the most medals during the 1998 Commonwealth Games was Australia. England came 2nd place, Canada came 3rd place and hosts Malaysia came in 4th place.
Main venues
National Sports Complex, Bukit Jalil
- National Stadium, Bukit Jalil—Opening/Closing Ceremony, Athletics
- Putra Stadium, (Indoor) Bukit Jalil—Gymnastics
- National Aquatic Centre—Swimming
- National Hockey Stadium—Hockey
- National Squash Centre—Squash
Bukit Kiara Sports Complex
- Juara Stadium—Netball
- National Lawn Bowls Centre—Lawn Bowls
Other venues
- Cheras Veledrome, Kuala Lumpur—Track cycling
- Kuala Lumpur Badminton Stadium—Badminton
- Mines Convention Centre—Weightlifting
- Shah Alam—Cycling road racing
- Melawati Stadium, Shah Alam—Boxing
- Pyramid Bowl, Sunway Pyramid, Subang Jaya—Tenpin bowling
- Petaling Jaya Stadium, Petaling Jaya—Rugby
- Langkawi International Shooting Range (Lisram) – Shooting
Corporate sponsors
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- Telekom Malaysia
- Bank Bumiputra
- RHB Bank
- Bank Rakyat
- Bank Negara Malaysia
- Malaysia Airlines
- Siemens
- Proton
- Maybank
- Panasonic
- National
- Nikon
- Pensonic
- Petronas
- KFC
- McDonald's
- Procter & Gamble
- Toyota
- Daihatsu
- Mitsubishi Motors
- Pepsi
- Coca-Cola
- Nestlé Milo
- Ovaltine
- Seiko
- Mikasa Sports
- Yonex
- MasterCard
- Unilever
- Philips Astro
- Spritzer
- New Straits Times Press
- Mega TV
- Petronas Towers
- The Federal Kuala Lumpur
- Media Nusantara Citra
- American Express
- Sony
- Golden Screen Cinemas
- Taylor's University
- Indofood
- Gatorade
- Garuda Indonesia
- Kao Corporation
- Mandom
- Unicharm
- Lion Corporation
- Philips
- Great Eastern Life
- Mercedes Benz
- Samsung
- Jaguar Cars
- Manulife Financial
- Allianz
- Motorola
- Konica
- AXA
- Prudential
- Peugeot
- Ford Motor Company
- Honda
- Subaru
- Raymond Weil
- Rolex
- Kuala Lumpur International Airport
- Kuala Lumpur Tower
- Ancasa Hotel and Spa Kuala Lumpur
- Genting Highlands
- Citibank
- Citizen
- Midea
- Pharmaton Activity
- Pharmaton Caples
Broadcast rights
Host nation
| 1998 Commonwealth Games Broadcasters in Commonwealth of Nations | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | Network station | Sports station | Television station | Radio station | |||
| Australia | ABC | ABC Sport | Nine Network | ABC Radio National & ABC NewsRadio | |||
| Brunei | RTB & Astro | Astro SuperSport | TV1, ESPN, STAR Sports & Astro SuperSport | Nasional FM | |||
| Canada | CBC | CBC Sports | CBLT-TV | CBLA-FM & CBL-FM | |||
| India | Doordarshan | DD Sports | DD National | All India Radio | |||
| Malaysia | RTM, STMB, Mega TV & Astro | Astro SuperSport | TV1, TV2, TV3, MetroVision Channel 8, NTV7, ESPN, STAR Sports & Astro SuperSport | ||||
| New Zealand | TVNZ & RNZ | One Sport | TV1 & TV2 | RNZN, RNZC & AM Network | |||
| Singapore | STV12, RCS & SCV | Twelfth Frequency | Premiere 12, ESPN & STAR Sports | Singapore 1, Singapore 2, Singapore 3 & Singapore 4 | |||
| South Africa | SABC | SABC Sports | SABC 1, SABC 2 & SABC 3 | SAFM, 5FM, Umhlobo Wenene FM & Metro FM | |||
| United Kingdom | BBC | BBC Sport | BBC One, BBC Two & BBC News 24 | BBC Radio 4 & BBC Radio 5 Live | |||
Medal table
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Australia (AUS) |
80 | 61 | 57 | 198 |
| 2 | England (ENG) |
36 | 47 | 53 | 136 |
| 3 | Canada (CAN) |
30 | 31 | 38 | 99 |
| 4 | Malaysia (MAS) |
10 | 14 | 12 | 36 |
| 5 | South Africa (RSA) |
9 | 11 | 14 | 34 |
| 6 | New Zealand (NZL) |
8 | 6 | 20 | 34 |
| 7 | India (IND) |
7 | 10 | 8 | 25 |
| 8 | Kenya (KEN) |
7 | 5 | 4 | 16 |
| 9 | Jamaica (JAM) |
4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
| 10 | Wales (WAL) |
3 | 4 | 8 | 15 |
| 11 | Scotland (SCO) |
3 | 2 | 7 | 12 |
| 12 | Nauru (NRU) |
3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 13 | Northern Ireland (NIR) |
2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 14 | Zimbabwe (ZIM) |
2 | 0 | 3 | 5 |
| 15 | Ghana (GHA) |
1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| 16 | Mauritius (MRI) |
1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 17 | Cyprus (CYP) |
1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Tanzania (TAN) |
1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) |
1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| 20 | Bahamas (BAH) |
1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Mozambique (MOZ) |
1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
| 22 | Barbados (BAR) |
1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 23 | Lesotho (LES) |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 24 | Cameroon (CMR) |
0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 25 | Namibia (NAM) |
0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 26 | Seychelles (SEY) |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 27 | Sri Lanka (SRI) |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 28 | Bermuda (BER) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Fiji (FIJ) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Isle of Man (IOM) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Pakistan (PAK) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 32 | Papua New Guinea (PNG) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Uganda (UGA) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Zambia (ZAM) |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Total | 213 | 213 | 244 | 670 | |
Medals by event
Aquatics
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Athletics
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Badminton
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Boxing
Cricket
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| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's cricket | South Africa |
Australia |
New Zealand |
Cycling
Track cycling
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's 1000 m individual sprint | Darryn Hill (AUS) |
Sean Eadie (AUS) |
Barry Forde (BAR) |
| Women's 1000 m individual sprint | Tanya Dubnicoff (CAN) |
Michelle Ferris (AUS) |
Lori-Ann Muenzer (CAN) |
| Men's 1000m track time trial | Shane Kelly (AUS) |
Jason Queally (ENG) |
Joshua Kersten (AUS) |
| Women's 3000 m individual pursuit | Sarah Ulmer (NZL) |
Alayna Burns (AUS) |
Yvonne McGregor (ENG) |
| Men's 4000 m individual pursuit | Brad McGee (AUS) |
Luke Roberts (AUS) |
Matt Illingworth (ENG) |
| Men's 4000 m team pursuit | Australia Brad McGee Brett Lancaster Luke Roberts Michael Rogers Timothy Lyons |
England Bradley Wiggins Colin Sturgess Jon Clay Matt Illingworth Robert Hayles |
New Zealand Brendon Cameron Greg Henderson Lee Vertongen Timothy Carswell |
| Men's 25 scratch race | Michael Rogers (AUS) |
Shaun Wallace (ENG) |
Timothy Barswell (NZL) |
| Women's 24 km points race | Alayna Burns (AUS) |
Sarah Ulmer (NZL) |
Annie Gariepy (CAN) |
| Men's 40 km points race | Glen Thomson (NZL) |
Rob Hayles (ENG) |
Greg Henderson (NZL) |
Road bicycle racing
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women's 28 km individual time trial | Anna Wilson (AUS) |
Linda Jackson (CAN) |
Kathy Watt (AUS) |
| Men's 42 km individual time trial | Eric Wohlberg (CAN) |
Stuart O'Grady (AUS) |
David George (RSA) |
| Women's 92 km road race | Lyne Bessette (CAN) |
Susy Pryde (NZL) |
Anna Wilson (AUS) |
| Men's 184 km road race | Jay Sweet (AUS) |
Rosli Effandy (MAS) |
Eric Wohlberg (CAN) |
Gymnastics
(Field) Hockey
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Lawn bowls
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Netball
Rugby sevens
Shooting
Squash
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's singles | Peter Nicol (SCO) |
Jonathon Power (CAN) |
Alex Gough (WAL) Paul Johnson (ENG) |
| Women's singles | Michelle Martin (AUS) |
Sarah Fitz-Gerald (AUS) |
Cassie Jackman (ENG) Sue Wright (ENG) |
| Men's doubles | Mark Chaloner & Paul Johnson (ENG) |
Byron Davis & Rodney Eyles (AUS) |
Mark Cairns & Chris Walker (ENG) Stuart Cowie & Peter Nicol (SCO) |
| Women's doubles | Cassie Jackman & Sue Wright (ENG) |
Robyn Cooper & Rachael Grinham (AUS) |
Sarah Fitz-Gerald & Carol Owens (AUS) Natalie Grainger & Claire Nitch (RSA) |
| Mixed doubles | Craig Rowland & Michelle Martin (AUS) |
Simon Parke & Suzanne Horner (ENG) |
Glen Wilson & Sarah Cook (NZL) Rodney Durbach & Natalie Grainger (RSA) |
Ten-pin bowling
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's singles | Kenny Ang (MAS), 6046 points |
Bill Rowe (CAN), 5946 |
Warren Rennox (CAN), 5850 |
| Women's singles | Cara Honeychurch (AUS), 6406 |
Maxine Nable (AUS), 6028 |
Lai Kin Ngoh (MAS), 5920 |
| Men's doubles | Kenny Ang and Ben Heng (MAS), 3522 |
Antoine Jones and Conrad Lister (BER), 3329 |
Michael Muir and Frank Ryan (AUS), 3229 |
| Women's doubles | Cara Honeychurch and Maxine Nable (AUS), 3678 |
Lai Kin Ngoh and Shalin Zulkifli (MAS), 3548 |
Pauline Buck and Gemma Burden (ENG), 3536 |
| Mixed doubles | Frank Ryan and Cara Honeychurch (AUS), 3605 |
Richard Hood and Pauline Buck (ENG), 3560 |
Bill Rowe and Jane Amlinger (CAN), 3536 |
Weightlifting
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's 56 kg snatch | Mehmey Yagci (AUS), 107.5 kg |
Arumugam K. Pandian (IND) 107.5 kg |
Matin Guntali (MAS), 105 kg |
| Men's 56 kg clean and jerk | Dharmaraj Wilson (IND), 140 kg |
Arumugam K. Pandian (IND) 137.5 kg |
Matin Guntali (MAS), 135 kg |
| Men's 56 kg combined | Arumugam K. Pandian (IND), 245 kg |
Dharmaraj Wilson (IND), 242.5 kg |
Matin Guntali (MAS), 240 kg |
| Men's 62 kg snatch | Marcus Stephen (NRU), 125 kg |
Yourik Sarkisian (AUS), 125 kg |
Ganapathy Gnanasekar (IND), 117.5 kg |
| Men's 62 kg clean and jerk | Marcus Stephen (NRU), 167.5 kg |
Yourik Sarkisian (AUS), 157.5 kg |
Murugesan Arun (IND), 155 kg |
| Men's 62 kg combined | Marcus Stephen (NRU), 292.5 kg |
Yourik Sarkisian (AUS), 282.5 kg |
Murugesan Arun (IND), 272.5 kg |
| Men's 69 kg snatch | Sebastien Groulx (CAN), 130 kg |
Stewart Cruikshank (ENG), 130 kg |
Tony Morgan (WAL), 130 kg, |
| Men's 69 kg clean and jerk | Muhamad Hidayat Hamidon (MAS), 167.5 kg |
Sebastien Groulx (CAN), 167.5 kg |
G. Vadivelu (IND), 135.5 kg |
| Men's 69 kg combined | Sebastien Groulx (CAN), 297.5 kg |
Muhamad Hidayat Hamidon (MAS), 295 kg |
Sandip Kumar (IND), 285 kg |
| Men's 77 kg snatch | Satheesha Rai (IND), 147.5 kg |
Dave Morgan (WAL), 145 kg |
Damian Brown (AUS), 140 kg |
| Men's 77 kg clean and jerk | Damian Brown (AUS), 187.5 kg |
Satheesha Rai (IND), 147.5 kg |
Alain Bilodeau (CAN), 167.5 kg |
| Men's 77 kg combined | Damian Brown (AUS), 327.5 kg |
Satheesha Rai (IND), 322.5 kg |
Alain Bilodeau (CAN), 305 kg |
| Men's 85 kg snatch | Stephen Ward (ENG), 157.5 kg |
Leon Griffin (ENG), 155 kg |
David Matam Matam (CMR), 147.5 kg |
| Men's 85 kg clean and jerk | Leon Griffin (ENG), 192.5 kg |
Stephen Ward (ENG), 187.5 kg |
David Matam Matam (CMR), 180 kg |
| Men's 85 kg combined | Leon Griffin (ENG), 347.5 kg |
Stephen Ward (ENG), 345 kg |
David Matam Matam (CMR), 327.5 kg |
| Men's 94 kg snatch | Kiril Kounev (AUS), 165 kg |
Anthony Arthur (ENG), 152.5 |
Simon Heffernan (AUS), 150 kg |
| Men's 94 kg clean and jerk | Kiril Kounev (AUS), 205 kg |
Andrew Callard (ENG), 190 kg |
Simon Heffernan (AUS), 185 kg |
| Men's 94 kg combined | Kiril Kounev (AUS), 370 kg |
Andrew Callard (ENG), 340 kg |
Simon Heffernan (AUS), 335 kg |
| Men's 105 kg snatch | Akos Sandor (CAN), 167.5 kg |
Tommy Yule (ENG), 160 kg |
Nigel Avery (NZL), 155 kg |
| Men's 105 kg clean and jerk | Akos Sandor (CAN), 192.5 kg |
Tommy Yule (ENG), 190 kg |
Karl Grant (ENG), 187.5 kg |
| Men's 105 kg combined | Akos Sandor (CAN), 360 kg |
Tommy Yule (ENG), 350 kg |
Nigel Avery (NZL), 340 kg |
| Men's 105+ kg snatch | Darren Liddle (NZL), 165 kg |
Giles Greenwood (ENG), 162.5 kg |
Christopher Rae (AUS), 160 kg |
| Men's 105+ kg clean and jerk | Darren Liddle (NZL), 202.5 kg |
Jean Bilong (CMR), 192.5 kg |
Christopher Rae (AUS), 192.5 kg |
| Men's 105+ kg combined | Darren Liddle (NZL), 367.5 kg |
Christopher Rae (AUS), 352.5 kg |
Giles Greenwood (ENG), 352.5 kg |
See also
External links
References
| Preceded by | Commonwealth Games Kuala Lumpur XVI Commonwealth Games |
Succeeded by Manchester |
- EngvarB from May 2013
- Use dmy dates from May 2013
- Pages with broken file links
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- 1998 Commonwealth Games
- International sports competitions hosted by Malaysia
- Sport in Kuala Lumpur
- Multi-sport events in Malaysia
- Commonwealth Games
- 1998 in Malaysian sport
- 1998 in multi-sport events
- 20th century in Kuala Lumpur
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