Women's Royal Army Corps

"WRAC" redirects here. For the radio station in Ohio, see WRAC (FM).

Women's Royal Army Corps
150px Badge of the Women's Royal Army Corps
Active	1949-1992
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Branch	British Army
Role	Support services
Garrison/HQ	Guildford, Surrey
Motto	Suaviter in modo, fortiter in re (Gentle in manner, resolute in deed)
Colors	None
March	Quick: Lass of Richmond Hill, Early One Morning Slow: Greensleeves
Anniversaries	Corps Day (1 February)

The Women's Royal Army Corps (WRAC; sometimes pronounced acronymically as /ˈræk/, a term unpopular with its members) was the corps to which all women in the British Army except medical, dental and veterinary officers and chaplains (who belonged to the same corps as the men), the Ulster Defence Regiment which recruited women from 1973, and nurses (who belonged to Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps) belonged from 1949 to 1992.

History

The WRAC was formed on 1 February 1949 by Army Order 6 as the successor to the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) that had been founded in 1938. For much of its existence, its members performed administrative and other support tasks. In March 1952 the ranks of the WRAC, which had previously been Subaltern, Junior Commander, Senior Commander and Controller were harmonised with the rest of the British Army.

In 1974, two soldiers of the corps were killed by the Provisional IRA in the Guildford pub bombings.

In October 1990 WRAC officers employed with other corps were transferred to those corps and in April 1992 the WRAC was disbanded and its remaining members transferred to the Corps they served with. Those that served with the Royal Army Pay Corps, the Corps of Royal Military Police, the Military Provost Staff Corps, the Royal Army Educational Corps, the Army Legal Corps and the Staff Clerks from the Royal Army Ordnance Corps were transferred to the newly formed Adjutant General's Corps. The post of Director WRAC, which carried the rank of Brigadier, was also abolished and it was seven years before a woman, Brigadier Patricia Purves, again reached that rank.

Senior posts

The highest rank available to a serving officer was Brigadier, held by the Director WRAC, although the Controller-Commandant, a member of the Royal Family, held a higher honorary rank. Princess Mary held the post from 1949 to her death in 1965 (beginning as a Major-General and being promoted General on 23 November 1956) and the Duchess of Kent held it from 1967 to 1992 (with the rank of Major-General).

List of Directors WRAC

Directors of the WRAC were:

• Brigadier Dame Mary Tyrwhitt, 1949–1950
• Brigadier Dame Mary Coulshed, 1950–1954
• Brigadier Dame Mary Railton, 1954–1957
• Brigadier Dame Mary Colvin, 1957–1961
• Brigadier Dame Jean Rivett-Drake, 1961–1964
• Brigadier Dame Joan Henderson, 1964–1967
• Brigadier Dame Mary Anderson, 1967–1970
• Brigadier Sheila Heaney, 1970–1973
• Brigadier Eileen Nolan, 1973–1977
• Brigadier Anne Field, 1977–1982
• Brigadier Helen Meechie, 1982–1986
• Brigadier Shirley Nield, 1986–1989
• Brigadier Gael Ramsey, 1989–1992
• Brigadier Joan Roulstone, 1992–1994 (as Director Women (Army) during transitional period)

Band of the WRAC

The Staff Band of the Women's Royal Army Corps was an all female military band.

See also

• Women's Royal Air Force
• Women's Royal Naval Service

Further reading

• Bidwell Shelford. Women's Royal Army Corps (1997) 141pp
• Noakes, Lucy. Women in the British Army: War and the Gentle Sex, 1907–48 (2006), the standard scholarly history; focus on ATS
• WRAC archive of regiments.org