Wuhan University

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Wuhan University
武汉大学
File:Wuhan University Logo.png
Motto 自强 弘毅 求是 拓新 (Chinese)[1]
Motto in English
Improve Oneself, Promote Perseverance, Seek Truth and Make Innovations[2]
Established November 29, 1893
Type National research university
President Li Xiaohong
Academic staff
5,000
Students 53,000
Location Wuhan, Hubei, China
Campus Urban, 5,600 mu (亩)
Website www.whu.edu.cn
280px

Wuhan University (WHU; simplified Chinese: 武汉大学; traditional Chinese: 武漢大學; pinyin: Wǔhàn Dàxué; colloquially 武大, Pinyin: Wǔdà) is located in Wuhan, Hubei, China, and is administered by the Ministry of Education of China. It was selected by both Project 985 and Project 211 as a major receiver of state funding.[3] The university is situated at Luojia Hill, with palatial buildings blending the Chinese and Western style. It was commonly regarded as one of the most beautiful campuses and top 10 university for decades in China.[4]

History

Qing Guangxu Emperor's approval of establishing the Ziqiang Institute.
A congratulation calligraphy given to the first class of graduates of National Wuhan University by Cai Yuanpei

The university dates back to the Ziqiang Institute (Simplified Chinese: 自强学堂; Traditional Chinese: 自強學堂; Pinyin: Zìqiáng Xuétáng ), which was founded in 1893 by Zhang Zhidong 张之洞, governor of Hubei and Hunan Provinces in the late Qing Dynasty.[5] Later, it changed its name several times before it was named National Wuhan University in July 1928, and was among the first group of national universities in modern China. In Feb, 1929, the jurist Wang Shijie became the first president of Wuhan University. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Wuhan University moved to Leshan, Sichuan Province and returned to Luojia Hill after the war.[6][7]

By the end of 1946, the university had six Faculties: the Faculties of liberal arts, law, sciences, engineering, agriculture and medicine. Wuhan University enjoyed a very high academic status, with Wang Shijie, Wang Xinggong and Zhou Gengsheng as its successive presidents.[7]

A number of scholars such as Gu Hongming, Zhu Kezhen, Wu Baoliang, Zha Qian, Gui Zhiting, Ye Yage, Li Siguang, Wen Yiduo, Huang Kan, Yu Dafu, Shen Congwen, Zhu Guangqian, Liu Ze, Liu Yongji, Ye Shengtao, Yang Duanliu and Li Jiannong taught here successively. According to the university, in 1948, the University of Oxford wrote an official letter to the Ministry of Education of the Chinese National Government, stating that Bachelors of liberal arts and sciences that graduated from Wuhan University with average grades above 80 could enjoy "the senior status of Oxford."[7][8]

A Notice given to Wuhan University that it will be taken under the Communist's control.

In 1952, after a general reshuffle of the colleges and departments of the higher educational institutions throughout the country, Wuhan University became a university of liberal arts and sciences directly under the administration of the Ministry of Higher Education.[9] Professor Li Da, Delegate to the First Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and a celebrated philosopher, economist and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, held the post of president of the university for 14 years. The Wuhan University School of Medicine and Tongji University Medical School jointly formed Central-south Tongji Medical College (later Wuhan Medical College), then Tongji Medical University.[7]

Merger

On August 2, 2000, with the approval of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, the new Wuhan University was established as a combination of four major universities close together ---- the former Wuhan University, the former Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electrical Engineering (WUHEE), the former Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping (WTUSM) and the former Hubei Medical University (HBMU).[10]

Note:

Historical names

Year School name
in English
School name
in simplified Chinese
School name
in traditional Chinese
School name
in Pinyin
1893 Ziqiang Institute 自强学堂 自強學堂 Zìqiáng Xuétáng
1902 Foreign Languages Institute 方言学堂 方言學堂 Fāngyán Xuétáng
1913 The National Wuchang Higher Normal College 国立武昌高等师范学校 國立武昌高等師範學校 Guólì Wǔchāng Gāoděng Shīfàn Xuéxiào
1923 The National Wuchang Normal University 国立武昌师范大学 國立武昌師範大學 Guólì Wǔchāng Shīfàn Dàxué
1924 The National Wuchang University 国立武昌大学 國立武昌大學 Guólì Wǔchāng Dàxué
1926 The National Wuchang Zhongshan University 国立武昌中山大学 國立武昌中山大學 Guólì Wǔchāng Zhōngshān Dàxué
1928 National Wuhan University 国立武汉大学 國立武漢大學 Guólì Wǔhàn Dàxué
1949 (Old) Wuhan University (老) 武汉大学 (老) 武漢大學 (lǎo) Wǔhàn Dàxué
2000 (New) Wuhan University (新) 武汉大学 (新) 武漢大學 (xīn) Wǔhàn Dàxué

Academics

In 2014, Wuhan University's student body consists of 34,131 full-time undergraduates and 13,918 full-time master's degree candidates, 7,477 Ph.D candidates and 1,477 international students.[11]

Former library as depicted in its logo

Rankings

  • World

In 2014, QS World University Rankings ranked it 335th in the world and 11th regionally.[12] Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked it between 401-500 in the world[13] and 26th in Greater China.[14] It came 351st-400th in the latest Times Higher Education World University Rankings where it ranked 13-14th in mainland China.[15] US News and World Report ranked it 301st in the world and 11th in China.[16]

  • China

Wuhan University is ranked among the top 10 universities in China. In 2014, CUAA ranked it the 5th in China [17][18] and Wu Shulian ranked it the 7th.[19][20] In 2015, CUAA ranked it the 4th in China [21]

Schools and colleges

School of Law
The building that housed the College of Chinese Language and Literature and School of History
School of Economics and Management (previously known as the School of Business)
College of Foreign Languages and Literatures

Campus

Campus Map of Wuhan University (excluding the Medical Campus)
Cherry Blossom in Wuhan University

The university has rolling physical features with the scenic Luojia Hill and the beautiful East Lake. Its campus is heavily wooded and green, with fragrant flowers everywhere year-round. Wuhan University is widely known as one of the most beautiful universities in China, especially for its cherry blossom garden in the spring. A cherry blossom festival is held every spring.[22] Most stylish old buildings were designed by F. H. Kales (1899–1979).[23] Educated in MIT, Mr. Kales was a pioneer to blend western architectural styles with traditional Chinese elements, which is most evident from his roof designs.

Wuhan University boasts a campus covering an area of 5508 mu and has a floor area of 2.42 square kilometres. The university's libraries have a collection of approximately 5.4 million volumes and subscriptions to more than 10,000 Chinese and foreign periodicals.[24]

Cooperation

Wuhan University has established cooperative relationship with more than 300 universities and research institutes in over 40 countries and regions.

Art and culture

  • Luojia Golden Fall Art Festival
  • Luojia Golden Fall International Cultural Festival
  • Students' Associations Cultural Festival
  • Campus Supermarket of Cultural Activities

Notable alumni

References

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  4. (simplified Chinese) Ten most beautiful campuses in China, No. 1 is Wuhan University.
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  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 History of Wuhan University.
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  17. http://learning.sohu.com/20110504/n306781242.shtml
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  23. Sir Banister Fletcher's a history of architecture, Architectural Press, 1996.
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  27. "Duke Names Senior Leadership for Its Campus in China" The Chronicle of Higher Education Sept 20, 2012 [1]
  28. Duke Chronicle Wuhan steps in to sponsor China campus

External links

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