Yorkshire Hussars

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Yorkshire Hussars
Active 1794–1956
Country  Kingdom of Great Britain (1794–1800)
 United Kingdom (1801–1956)
Branch Flag of the British Army.svg British Army
Type Yeomanry
Size One Regiment
Engagements Second Boer War
First World War
Second World War
See battle honours below

The Yorkshire Hussars was a unit of the British Army from 1794 to 1956.

The regiment was formed as volunteer cavalry in 1794 during the French Revolutionary Wars. It was converted to an armoured role during the Second World War. In 1956, it merged with two other Yorkshire yeomanry regiments to form the Queen's Own Yorkshire Yeomanry. Its lineage is continued today by the Queen's Own Yeomanry.

History

First World War

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. In accordance with the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw. 7, c.9) which brought the Territorial Force into being, the TF was intended to be a home defence force for service during wartime and members could not be compelled to serve outside the country. However, on the outbreak of war on 4 August 1914, many members volunteered for Imperial Service. Therefore, TF units were split in August and September 1914 into 1st Line (liable for overseas service) and 2nd Line (home service for those unable or unwilling to serve overseas) units. Later, a 3rd Line was formed to act as a reserve, providing trained replacements for the 1st and 2nd Line regiments.[1]

1/1st Yorkshire Hussars

On 1 September, Lord Feversham formed a 1st Line regiment of Yorkshire Hussars who volunteered to serve abroad, which was designated 1/1st Yorkshire Hussars.[2]

In February 1915, the 1/1st Yorkshire Hussars split up to be employed as Divisional Cavalry

B Squadron deployed to France in February 1915 with 46th (North Midland) Division.
C Squadron deployed to France in April 1915 with 49th (West Riding) Division.
A and HQ Squadrons deployed to France in April 1915 with 50th (Northumbrian) Division.[2]

A Squadron seeing action at the Second Battle of Ypres, B at the Battle of Loos and C at the Battle of Aubers Ridge.

On 16 May 1916, the 1/1st Yorkshire Hussars reassembled under Lieutenant Colonel W Pepys as Corps Cavalry to XVII Corps and were present at the Battle of Arras. The Regiment was reorganised and reroled in August 1917. After six weeks infantry training at Étaples, the bulk of the Yorkshire Hussars were drafted to the 9th Battalion West Yorkshire Regiment. The Battalion was titled the "9th (Yorkshire Hussars) Battalion West Yorkshire Regiment"[2] and wore The Yorkshire Hussars cap-badge and West York collar-badges. The Battalion saw much hard fighting taking part in the Battle of Passchendaele.

2/1st Yorkshire Hussars

The 2nd Line regiment was formed in 1914.[3] In 1915 it was under the command of the 2/1st Yorkshire Mounted Brigade in Yorkshire (along with the 2/1st Queen's Own Yorkshire Dragoons[4] and the 2/1st East Riding of Yorkshire Yeomanry[5]) and by March 1916 was in the Beverley area.[6] On 31 March 1916, the remaining Mounted Brigades were numbered in a single sequence and the brigade became 18th Mounted Brigade, still in Yorkshire under Northern Command.[7]

In July 1916 there was a major reorganization of 2nd Line yeomanry units in the UK. All but 12 regiments were converted to cyclists[7] and, as a consequence, the regiment was dismounted and the brigade converted to 11th Cyclist Brigade. Further reorganization in October and November 1916 saw the brigade redesignated as 7th Cyclist Brigade in November, now in the Bridlington area.[6] In March 1917, the regiment moved to Driffield and in July to Barmston. It returned to Bridlington in January 1918.[3]

About May 1918, the Brigade moved to Ireland[6] and the regiment was stationed at Fermoy, County Cork and Fethard, County Tipperary. There were no further changes before the end of the war.[3]

3/1st Yorkshire Hussars

A 3rd Line regiment was formed in 1914 and in the summer of 1915 was affiliated to 5th Reserve Cavalry Regiment at York. Early in 1917 it was absorbed into the 5th Reserve Cavalry Regiment at Tidworth. In 1918 it was removed from the 5th Reserve Cavalry Regiment, as its 1st Line was serving as infantry, and joined the 5th (Reserve) Battalion of the West Yorkshire Regiment at Rugeley, Cannock Chase.[3]

Between the Wars

On reforming the TA, the 14 senior Yeomanry Regiments remained horsed cavalry regiments (six forming the 5th and 6th Cavalry Brigades). The Yorkshire Hussars and The Queen's Own Yorkshire Dragoons being respectively 3rd and 9th in seniority formed, together with The Sherwood Rangers, the 5th Cavalry Brigade (with its headquarters in York).

Second World War

In the Second World War, the Regiment was a part of the 6th Cavalry Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division, which later became the 10th Armoured Division. This meant that the Regiment had to convert to armour and started tank training with Stuart tanks as part of the 9th Armoured Brigade. In March 1942, the Regiment became the Armoured Striking Force in Cyprus with Cruiser and Valentine tanks, and from there to Egypt in January 1943, taking over Sherman and Crusader tanks, before returning to England at the end of the year.

In 1944, the regiment converted to become an Infantry Division Recce Regiment and was initially attached to 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division, then transferred to the 61st (South Midland) Infantry Division. The Regiment missed out on the D-Day landings. From April to August, the Regiment split up into Squadrons to take over and run "D" Day Embarkation Camps. In August, the Regiment reunited and the drafting of all tank-trained personnel began in earnest; the Regiment becoming a ‘Recce Holding Unit’ for refresher training and drafting of returned wounded Recce personnel. In June 1945, the Regiment reorganised as a Light Armoured Regiment, equipped with Churchills. It was placed in ‘suspended animation’ in March 1946.[8]

Post war

On 1 November 1956, the yeomanry regiments in Yorkshire were amalgamated into The Queen's Own Yorkshire Yeomanry. On 1 April 1967, the regiment was disbanded and concurrently reconstituted as a TAVR III infantry unit with the RHQ and 'A' Squadron at York, 'B' Squadron at Doncaster and 'C' Squadron at Hull. On 1 April 1969, the regiment was reduced to a cadre and then reformed on 1 April 1971, as 'A' Squadron, The Queen's Own Yeomanry.[9][10]

Battle honours

The Yorkshire Hussars was awarded the following battle honours (honours in bold are emblazoned on the regimental colours):[11]

Second Boer War South Africa 1900–02
First World War Arras 1918, Scarpe 1918, Drocourt-Quéant, Hindenburg Line, Canal du Nord, Cambrai 1918, Selle, Sambre, France and Flanders 1915–18

Strangely, given its overseas service, the regiment was not awarded any battle honours for the Second World War.[11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Rinaldi 2008, p. 35
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 James 1978, p. 31
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 James 1978, pp. 31,32
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 James 1978, p. 36
  8. ↑ The Yorkshire Hussars by L Barlow and R J Smith
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 The Yorkshire Hussars (Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own) at regiments.org by T.F.Mills at the Wayback Machine (archived 23 October 2007)

Bibliography

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External links

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