Al-Qadir

Al-Qadir القادر
Mahmud of Ghazni receiving a richly decorated robe of honor from the caliph Al-Qadir in 1000. (Miniature from the Rashid al-Din’s Jami' al-tawarikh)
25th Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad
Reign	1 November, 991 – 29 November,1031
Predecessor	At-Ta'i
Successor	Al-Qa'im
Born	947
Died	29 November 1031
Issue	Al-Qa'im
Father	Al-Muttaqi
Religion	Islam

Al-Qadir (947 – 29 November 1031) (Arabic: القادر‎‎) was the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad from 991 to 1031. Grandson of al-Muqtadir, he was chosen in place of the deposed Caliph, at-Ta'i, his cousin. Banished from the capital, Baghdad, earlier, he was now recalled and appointed to the office he had long desired. He held the Caliphate for 40 years. It was during his Caliphate that Mahmud of Ghazni arose, threatening the empire; and but for the conflicts that broke out in Mahmud's family upon his death, the Buwayhid kingdom, paralysed by damaging war, would have been swallowed. The global Muslim population had climbed to about 4 per cent as against the Christian population of 10 per cent by 1000.

Al-Qadir is noted for taking the lead in the Sunni struggle against Isma'ili Shi'ism. He helped Sunnis set up their own festivals to rival the Shi'a celebrations and made the Hanbali school the official Muslim position. Mohammad Arkoun considers his decrees against heresies such as the createdness of the Qur'an, which effectively outlawed the mu'tazila school, as sounding the death knell for philosophy in Islamic thought. Ibn Rushd (Averroës), who died in 1198, is considered by Arkoun to be the last significant Muslim philosopher before modern times.

Al-Qadir died at eighty-seven years of age in Baghdad, and was succeeded by his son Al-Qa'im.

See also

• Baghdad Manifesto

References

• This text is adapted from William Muir's public domain, The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall.

Al-Qadir Abbasid Born: 947 Died: 1031
Sunni Islam titles
Preceded by At-Ta'i	Caliph of Islam 991–1031	Succeeded by Al-Qa'im