Albert Fert
| Albert Fert | |
|---|---|
Paris Descartes University 2009, Paris
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| Born | 7 March 1938 Carcassonne, Aude, France |
| Residence | Paris, France |
| Nationality | France |
| Fields | Physics |
| Institutions | Université Paris-Sud, Michigan State University |
| Alma mater | École normale supérieure |
| Doctoral advisor | I. A. Campbell |
| Known for | Giant magnetoresistive effect |
| Notable awards | CNRS Gold medal (2003) Wolf Prize in Physics (2006) Japan Prize (2007) Nobel Prize in Physics (2007) |
Albert Fert (born 7 March 1938) is a French physicist and one of the discoverers of giant magnetoresistance which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disks. Currently, he is an emeritus professor at Université Paris-Sud in Orsay and scientific director of a joint laboratory ('Unité mixte de recherche') between the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (National Scientific Research Centre) and Thales Group. Also, he is an Adjunct professor of physics at Michigan State University. He was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics together with Peter Grünberg.
Biography
Fert graduated in 1962 from the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. He received his Ph.D. (doctorat de troisième cycle) in 1963 and his Sc.D. (doctorat des sciences), both from the Orsay Faculty of Sciences of the University of Paris.
In 1988 Fert discovered the Giant magnetoresistance effect (GMR) in multilayers of iron and chromium. Peter Grünberg from the Jülich Research Centre simultaneously and independently discovered GMR. These two discoveries are recognized as the birth of spintronics. Since 1988, Albert Fert has made contributions to the field of spintronics. He is a member of the Fondation Ecologie d'Avenir since 2011.[1]
Honors and awards
- American Physical Society's International Prize for New Materials (1994)
- Grand prix de physique Jean Ricard of the French Physical Society (1994)
- International Union of Pure and Applied Physics Magnetism Award (1994)
- Hewlett-Packard Europhysics Prize (1997)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Gold Medal (2003)
- Wolf Prize in Physics (2006)
- Japan Prize (2007)
- Elected to the French Academy of Sciences in 2004
- Nobel Prize in Physics (2007)
Bibliography
- Fert, Albert (2006). "Summary of Symposium D on "Magnetoelectronics"" (PDF). Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 423 (1): 147. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.03.070.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Fert, Albert; Shang-Fan, Lee (1996). "Theory of the Bipolar Spin Switch". Physical Review B. 53 (10): 6554. Bibcode:1996PhRvB..53.6554F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.53.6554.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Fert A, Duvail JL, Valet T (1995). "Spin Relaxation Effects in the Perpendicular Magnetoresistance of Magnetic Multilayers". Physical Review B. 52 (9): 6513–6521. Bibcode:1995PhRvB..52.6513F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.52.6513. PMID 9981880.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Fert, Albert; George, Jean-Marie; Jaffrès, Henri; Mattana, Richard; Seneor, Pierre (2003). "The New Era of Spintronics". Europhysics News. 34 (6): 227. Bibcode:2003ENews..34..227F. doi:10.1051/epn:2003609.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Hueso, Luis E; Pruneda, Jose M; Ferrari, Valeria; Burnell, Gavin; Valdes-Herrera, Jose P; Simons, Benjamin D; Littlewood, Peter B; Artacho, Emilio; Fert, Albert; Mathur, Neil D.; et al. (2007). "Transformation of Spin Information into Large Electrical Signals Using Carbon Nanotubes". Nature. 445 (7126): 410–3. Bibcode:2007Natur.445..410H. doi:10.1038/nature05507. PMID 17251975.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Fert, Albert; Duvail, Jean-Luc; Henri, Tierry (2006). "Supersymmetric Spin Information is Contained in Large Spinning Carbon Nanotubes". Europhysics Letters. 80 (3): 117.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Levy, Peter M; Fert, Albert (2006). "Spin Transfer in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Hot Electrons". Physical Review Letters. 97 (9): 97205. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..97i7205L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.097205. PMID 17026398.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
References
- "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007". Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 2007-10-09.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Baibich, M. N.; Broto, J. M.; Fert, A.; Nguyen Van Dau, F.; Petroff, F.; Etienne, P.; Creuzet, G.; Friederich, A.; Chazelas, J. (November 1988). "Giant Magnetoresistance of (001)Fe/(001)Cr Magnetic Superlattices". Physical Review Letters. 61 (21): 2472–2475. Bibcode:1988PhRvL..61.2472B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.2472. PMID 10039127.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
