Allonby Bay
Allonby Bay is a crescent-shaped bay of the Solway Firth on the north-western shore of Cumbria, United Kingdom.[1][2] The bay is approximately five-and-a-half miles (nine kilometres) across. Its northern point is at Dubmill, between the village of Mawbray and the hamlet of Salta, and its southern end is just to the north of Maryport, near the village of Crosscanonby. The B5300 coast road follows the shoreline of Allonby Bay, running between Silloth-on-Solway in the north and Maryport in the south.
As an inlet of the Solway Firth, Allonby Bay is also part of the Irish Sea. The bay is named for the village of Allonby, which sits roughly in the centre of the shoreline.
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Geography and conservation
Allonby Bay is home to a five-mile stretch of beach which was awarded the coveted blue flag in 2005.[3] However, following water quality tests in 2012, Allonby Bay was on the verge of losing its blue flag status, which caused much concern in Allonby itself, as the village relies on tourism as a major source of income.[4]
Near the northern end of Allonby Bay is Salta Moss. This area is a designated Site of Special Scientific Interest within the Solway Coast AONB, and includes some rare plant and animal specimens, including the bog bean Menyanthus trifoliata, and Britain's only native venomous snake, the adder.
Several streams and becks enter the Solway Firth at Allonby Bay, including many fed by irrigation channels. One such example is the Black Dub, which flows into Allonby Bay at Dubmill.
The Lake District Coast Aquarium in nearby Maryport hosts a variety of aquatic life native to Allonby Bay, and has been a popular tourist attraction in the area since it opened in 1997.[5]
Area of outstanding Natural Beauty
Allonby Bay is in the Solway Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It comprises a large part of the AONB's southern section, which runs from just north of the hamlet of Beckfoot to the southern tip of Allonby Bay near Crosscanonby.
Marine Conservation Zone
The Wildlife Trusts recommended that Allonby Bay be designated a Marine Conservation Zone. MCZ status was expected to give protection to some vulnerable marine creatures which live in the bay, particularly in the area off Dubmill Point known as Dubmill Scar, and the southern part of the bay nearest to Maryport. One creature in particular that the Wildlife Trusts wish to see protected in Allonby Bay is the honeycomb worm. Reefs constructed by honeycomb worms host a variety of other marine life, and there are several such reefs in Allonby Bay.[6][7]
In 2016, Allonby Bay was made a Marine Conservation Zone. The MCZ covers a 9km stretch of coast and 40 square kilometres of Irish Sea.[8] The stated main objectives of the Zone were to maintain rocks, reefs, and sub-tidal sediments and sands, as well as the habitats of blue mussels and the honeycomb worm. [9] [10] [11]
History
On Salta Moss, a Bronze Age rapier was discovered in the 1980s, and now resides at the Tullie House museum in Carlisle. Archaeological expeditions in and around the small communities along Allonby Bay have found evidence of human activity in the area dating back to the neolithic period.[12]
During Roman times, Allonby Bay was home to several Roman milefortlets, small castles which extended beyond the western end of Hadrian's Wall to defend against incursions across the Solway. Milefortlets 17 to 22 were along the shorline of the bay, and milefortlet 21 is the best-preserved.
Scottish coastal raids continued to be a problem well after the Romans left the area, however, and as late as the 1550s a man named William Osmotherly of Dubmill Point, near Salta, was taken for ransom in a Scottish raid.[13] A system known as the "seawake" - a night watch along the coast - was created to defend against such incursions.[14]
References
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