Amram Blau

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Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Amram Blau (1894–1974) was a Haredi rabbi from the Hungarian community of Jerusalem. He was one of the founders of the fiercely Anti-Zionist Neturei Karta.

Blau was born in Jerusalem, and grew up in the Meah Shearim neighbourhood. Like his brother Rabbi Moshe Blau who was a leader in the Agudat Israel movement, he was also active in the Aguda during the British Mandate era and was the editor of its newspaper, Kol Israel (Voice of Israel).[1] But when the Aguda began to lean towards a modus vivendi with the Zionist leaders, Blau claimed that the Aguda had sold out to the Zionist movement and in 1937 broke away and founded Neturei Karta.[2]

Anti-Zionism

After the establishment of the State of Israel, Neturei Karta continued its staunch opposition to a Jewish state, in agreement with the Satmar Rebbe, Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum, author of the anti-Zionist Vayoel Moshe which advocated non-recognition of the State of Israel on theological grounds. Blau ran in the 1949 Knesset elections as the second-placed candidate on the Traditional Judaism list,[3] which failed to win a seat. Prior to the Six-Day War, Blau even went so far as to propose moving to Jordanian controlled East Jerusalem to avoid the secular temptations of modern Israel.[4]

He was imprisoned many times for demonstrating against public violations of Shabbat, the conscription of religious women, the opening of a mixed-sex swimming pool, and other government policies. Most of his sentences were served at the Russian Compound, but he also did a five-month stint at Ramla prison. On two occasions he went out in public wearing sackcloth as a sign of protest.[5]

Controversy on his second marriage

Blau's first wife, Hinda (née Weber), died in 1963. Because of an injury he sustained from shrapnel during the siege of Jerusalem in 1948, he could not remarry a woman who had been born Jewish.[6] In 1965 he married Ruth Ben-David, a convert 26 years younger than he. Born Madeleine Lucette Ferraille (1920-2000) to a Catholic family in Calais, France, she had married her first husband Henri Baud in France on 5 September 1939. They had one child, Claude. They divorced on 31 July 1944.[7] She and Claude converted to Judaism in 1950 and went to Israel. She became interested in Judaism and then in Orthodox Judaism, but eventually embraced the anti-Zionist views of Satmar and adopted the way of life of the Neturei Karta group. She was involved in the Yossele Schumacher affair. Ruth met Amram Blau in Israel via a shidduch.[8] The match was opposed by Blau's two adult sons[2] and by the rabbinical court of the Edah HaChareidis, so the couple had to move to Bnei Brak,[9] but a year later they returned to Mea Shearim.[2][10][11]

Blau died in 1974. He was interred at Har HaMenuchot. Ruth Blau continued to act as an independent wing of Neturei Karta.

References

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  3. Traditional Judaism list Israel Democracy Institute
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  5. 1974 interview with Yitzchak Kahan, published in Sha'ah Tovah, 10 July 2009.
  6. Deuteronomy 23:2; Shulhan Arukh Even Haezer 5
  7. Blau, Ruth. Les Gardiens de la cité Histoire d'une guerre sainte. Paris, Flammarion, 1978.
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