Anshun

This article is about the city in Guizhou. For the bridge in Chengdu, see Anshun Bridge.

Anshun 安顺市
Prefecture-level city
Location of Anshun City jurisdiction in Guizhou
Anshun Location in China
Coordinates:
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Guizhou
Area
• Total	9,269 km2 (3,579 sq mi)
Elevation	1,380 m (4,530 ft)
Population (2010)
• Total	2,297,339
• Density	247.85/km2 (641.9/sq mi)
Time zone	China Standard (UTC+8)
Area code(s)	0851
Website	anshun.gov.cn

Anshun (simplified Chinese: 安顺; traditional Chinese: 安順; pinyin: Ānshùn) is a prefecture-level city of Guizhou province, near the location of Huangguoshu Waterfall, the tallest in China. Within the borders of its prefecture one also finds attractions such as Long Gong Dragon Caves and the Getu River. As of 2010, it had a population of 2,297,339. The city proper had a population of 765,313. The city is known for its aerospace industry.

History

Anshun has a long history dating back to the Western Han dynasty around 200 B.C.. There are two special kinds of culture which existed in Chinese history: Tempu; and Yelang.

The Tianlong Tunbao town is close to Anshun city. Tunbao is a town with a long history which includes eight small areas. Each one is connected with each other since it was a main war place from the period of Ming Dynasty. The culture of Tunbao is unique and traditional. First, the traditional clothes are special which are designed respectively from head to foot. Second, ‘Nuo’ is a kind of drama which is originated in Tunbao. The performers wear masks and hold the stage property for performing. The plots of drama are all from the legends of history. Third, local stone architectures are representative for long history of Tunbao.

Close to Anshun there is a large lake called Yelang. It is named after the famous Yeland Emperor. Yelang Emperor was the largest minority tribe in southeast of China in Western Han Dynasty. It existed for about 300 years since the Warring States. During accession of Emperor Cheng of Han, the last king of Yelang Emperor was killed. Yelang Emperor died out from then on, but the off-springs of Yelang Emperor are still alive now. According to historical records, Yelang Emperor was located along Zangke River, which is now called Beipan River and Nanpan River. Bamboo Worship, Cow Totem, bullfight and dogfight are the typical national culture signals of Yelang Emperor.

Geography and climate

Anshun's administrative area spans latitude 25° 21'−26° 38' N and longitude 105° 13'−106° 34' E and contains sizeable areas of karst formation. It borders Guiyang, the provincial capital, and Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture to the east, Liupanshui to the west, Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture to the south, and Bijie to the north. Within the prefecture, the elevation ranges from .

Anshun has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) bordering on a subtropical highland climate (Köppen Cwb), tempered by its rather high altitude and having frequent rain (falling on just over half of the days of the year) and high humidity year-round. Winters are short, cool and damp, while summers are very warm. The monthly 24-hour mean temperature ranges from 4.3 °C (39.7 °F) in January to 22.0 °C (71.6 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 14.1 °C (57.4 °F). Over two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs from May to August.

Climate data for Anshun (1971−2000)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	21.8 (71.2)	27.2 (81)	31.8 (89.2)	32.2 (90)	33.4 (92.1)	31.0 (87.8)	32.4 (90.3)	32.5 (90.5)	31.7 (89.1)	27.7 (81.9)	24.0 (75.2)	22.3 (72.1)	33.4 (92.1)
Average high °C (°F)	7.6 (45.7)	9.8 (49.6)	15.1 (59.2)	19.8 (67.6)	22.6 (72.7)	24.4 (75.9)	26.0 (78.8)	26.2 (79.2)	23.1 (73.6)	18.7 (65.7)	14.2 (57.6)	10.2 (50.4)	18.1 (64.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)	4.3 (39.7)	5.8 (42.4)	10.3 (50.5)	15.0 (59)	18.2 (64.8)	20.6 (69.1)	22.0 (71.6)	21.8 (71.2)	19.0 (66.2)	15.0 (59)	10.6 (51.1)	6.5 (43.7)	14.1 (57.4)
Average low °C (°F)	2.1 (35.8)	3.4 (38.1)	7.1 (44.8)	11.7 (53.1)	15.2 (59.4)	17.9 (64.2)	19.2 (66.6)	18.7 (65.7)	16.1 (61)	12.4 (54.3)	8.1 (46.6)	4.1 (39.4)	11.3 (52.4)
Record low °C (°F)	−6.8 (19.8)	−7.6 (18.3)	−5.9 (21.4)	1.3 (34.3)	6.7 (44.1)	11.1 (52)	10.7 (51.3)	11.6 (52.9)	8.5 (47.3)	3.6 (38.5)	−2.4 (27.7)	−5.9 (21.4)	−7.6 (18.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	23.0 (0.906)	24.2 (0.953)	31.2 (1.228)	78.7 (3.098)	204.8 (8.063)	289.1 (11.382)	249.2 (9.811)	188.7 (7.429)	125.6 (4.945)	98.6 (3.882)	44.5 (1.752)	17.6 (0.693)	1,375.2 (54.142)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	16.5	15.4	14.8	15.9	18.6	18.8	18.6	15.2	14.8	15.9	13.5	11.2	189.2
Source: Weather China

Administrative divisions

Anshun administers one district, two counties, and three autonomous counties. In addition, there are two other administrative areas:

• Anshun Economic Development Zone (安顺经济开发区)
• the national-level Huangguoshu Scenic Area (黄果树风景名胜区)

Map of Anshun Administrative Divisions
This article is about the city in Guizhou. For the bridge in Chengdu, see Anshun Bridge. Anshun 安顺市 Prefecture-level city Location of Anshun City jurisdiction in Guizhou Anshun Location in China Coordinates: Country People's Republic of China Province Guizhou Area  • Total 9,269 km2 (3,579 sq mi) Elevation 1,380 m (4,530 ft) Population (2010)  • Total 2,297,339  • Density 247.85/km2 (641.9/sq mi) Time zone China Standard (UTC+8) Area code(s) 0851 Website anshun.gov.cn Anshun (simplified Chinese: 安顺; traditional Chinese: 安順; pinyin: Ānshùn) is a prefecture-level city of Guizhou province, near the location of Huangguoshu Waterfall, the tallest in China. Within the borders of its prefecture one also finds attractions such as Long Gong Dragon Caves and the Getu River. As of 2010, it had a population of 2,297,339. The city proper had a population of 765,313. The city is known for its aerospace industry. History Anshun has a long history dating back to the Western Han dynasty around 200 B.C.. There are two special kinds of culture which existed in Chinese history: Tempu; and Yelang. The Tianlong Tunbao town is close to Anshun city. Tunbao is a town with a long history which includes eight small areas. Each one is connected with each other since it was a main war place from the period of Ming Dynasty. The culture of Tunbao is unique and traditional. First, the traditional clothes are special which are designed respectively from head to foot. Second, ‘Nuo’ is a kind of drama which is originated in Tunbao. The performers wear masks and hold the stage property for performing. The plots of drama are all from the legends of history. Third, local stone architectures are representative for long history of Tunbao. Close to Anshun there is a large lake called Yelang. It is named after the famous Yeland Emperor. Yelang Emperor was the largest minority tribe in southeast of China in Western Han Dynasty. It existed for about 300 years since the Warring States. During accession of Emperor Cheng of Han, the last king of Yelang Emperor was killed. Yelang Emperor died out from then on, but the off-springs of Yelang Emperor are still alive now. According to historical records, Yelang Emperor was located along Zangke River, which is now called Beipan River and Nanpan River. Bamboo Worship, Cow Totem, bullfight and dogfight are the typical national culture signals of Yelang Emperor. Geography and climate Anshun's administrative area spans latitude 25° 21'−26° 38' N and longitude 105° 13'−106° 34' E and contains sizeable areas of karst formation. It borders Guiyang, the provincial capital, and Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture to the east, Liupanshui to the west, Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture to the south, and Bijie to the north. Within the prefecture, the elevation ranges from . Anshun has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) bordering on a subtropical highland climate (Köppen Cwb), tempered by its rather high altitude and having frequent rain (falling on just over half of the days of the year) and high humidity year-round. Winters are short, cool and damp, while summers are very warm. The monthly 24-hour mean temperature ranges from 4.3 °C (39.7 °F) in January to 22.0 °C (71.6 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 14.1 °C (57.4 °F). Over two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs from May to August. Climate data for Anshun (1971−2000) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 21.8 (71.2) 27.2 (81) 31.8 (89.2) 32.2 (90) 33.4 (92.1) 31.0 (87.8) 32.4 (90.3) 32.5 (90.5) 31.7 (89.1) 27.7 (81.9) 24.0 (75.2) 22.3 (72.1) 33.4 (92.1) Average high °C (°F) 7.6 (45.7) 9.8 (49.6) 15.1 (59.2) 19.8 (67.6) 22.6 (72.7) 24.4 (75.9) 26.0 (78.8) 26.2 (79.2) 23.1 (73.6) 18.7 (65.7) 14.2 (57.6) 10.2 (50.4) 18.1 (64.7) Daily mean °C (°F) 4.3 (39.7) 5.8 (42.4) 10.3 (50.5) 15.0 (59) 18.2 (64.8) 20.6 (69.1) 22.0 (71.6) 21.8 (71.2) 19.0 (66.2) 15.0 (59) 10.6 (51.1) 6.5 (43.7) 14.1 (57.4) Average low °C (°F) 2.1 (35.8) 3.4 (38.1) 7.1 (44.8) 11.7 (53.1) 15.2 (59.4) 17.9 (64.2) 19.2 (66.6) 18.7 (65.7) 16.1 (61) 12.4 (54.3) 8.1 (46.6) 4.1 (39.4) 11.3 (52.4) Record low °C (°F) −6.8 (19.8) −7.6 (18.3) −5.9 (21.4) 1.3 (34.3) 6.7 (44.1) 11.1 (52) 10.7 (51.3) 11.6 (52.9) 8.5 (47.3) 3.6 (38.5) −2.4 (27.7) −5.9 (21.4) −7.6 (18.3) Average precipitation mm (inches) 23.0 (0.906) 24.2 (0.953) 31.2 (1.228) 78.7 (3.098) 204.8 (8.063) 289.1 (11.382) 249.2 (9.811) 188.7 (7.429) 125.6 (4.945) 98.6 (3.882) 44.5 (1.752) 17.6 (0.693) 1,375.2 (54.142) Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 16.5 15.4 14.8 15.9 18.6 18.8 18.6 15.2 14.8 15.9 13.5 11.2 189.2 Source: Weather China Administrative divisions Anshun administers one district, two counties, and three autonomous counties. In addition, there are two other administrative areas: Anshun Economic Development Zone (安顺经济开发区) the national-level Huangguoshu Scenic Area (黄果树风景名胜区) Map of Anshun Administrative Divisions Division code English name Simp. Chinese Trad. Chinese Pinyin Area in km2 Seat Postal code Divisions Subdistricts Towns Townships Ethnic townships Residential communities Villages 520400 Anshun 安顺市 安順市 Ānshùn Shì 9267 Xixiu District 561000 7 38 42 11 100 1837 520402 Xixiu District 西秀区 西秀區 Xīxiù Qū 1704 Dongguan Subdistrict (东关街道) 561000 7 10 7 5 57 498 520421 Pingba County 平坝县 平壩縣 Píngbà Xiàn 999 Chengguan (城关镇) 561100 6 4 2 13 193 520422 Puding County 普定县 普定縣 Pǔdìng Xiàn 1092 Chengguan (城关镇) 562100 5 6 4 10 317 520423 Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County 镇宁布依族苗族自治县 鎮寧布依族苗族自治縣 Zhènníng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn 1720 Chengguan (城关镇) 561200 4 12 6 365 520424 Guanling Buyei and Miao Autonomous County 关岭布依族苗族自治县 關嶺布依族苗族自治縣 Guānlǐng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn 1468 Guansuo (关索镇) 561300 8 6 8 241 520425 Ziyun Miao and Buyei Autonomous County 紫云苗族布依族自治县 紫雲苗族布依族自治縣 Zǐyún Miáozú Bùyīzú Zìzhìxiàn 2284 Songshan (松山镇) 550800 5 7 6 223 Note: Xixiu District includes one subdistrict and two towns of the Anshun Economic Development Zone, while the two towns of Huangguoshu Scenic Area, Huangguoshu (黄果树镇) and Baishui (白水镇), are administered by Zhenning and Guanling Counties, respectively. Demographics Anshun City Demographics Name Residence population(Nov. 2010) Hukou population (end of 2010) Total  % Population density (persons/km2) Anshun 2297339 100 247.91 2797871 Xixiu District 765313 33.31 449.13 868669 Pingba County 298034 12.97 298.33 353777 Puding County 378288 16.47 346.42 459605 Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County 283880 12.36 165.05 381192 Guanling Buyei and Miao Autonomous County 301562 13.13 205.42 366814 Ziyun Miao and Buyei Autonomous County 270262 11.76 118.33 367814 According to the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China conducted in 2010, the residence population was 2,297,339, a reduction of 34,402 (1.48%) from the Fifth Census in 2000. The male-female ratio was 107.34 males per 100 females. Persons aged 0–14岁 numbered 580,910 (25.29%), 15–64 numbered 1,516,977 (66.03%), and 65+ numbered at 199,452 (8.68%). The urban population was 690,138 (only 30.04%). Ethnic groups Among the residence population, there were 1,466,833 people of Han ethnicity (63.85%), with members of various other ethnic groups taking up the other 36.15%. Transportation Rail: Guiyang–Kunming Railway (贵昆铁路); Shanghai–Kunming Railway is under construction. Air: Anshun does have its own airport, although flights and destinations are limited from Anshun Huangguoshu Airport (黄果树机场). Destinations are to Chongqing, Guangzhou and Beijing's lesser Nanyuan Airport. Most travelers choose to use Guiyang Longdongbao International Airport and take a coach between there and Anshun. Other: Shanghai–Kunming High-Speed Railway and China National Highway 320. Education Anshun Normal University is the largest local institution of higher education, hosting Peace Corps Volunteer TEFL teachers since 2005. Famous sites Tourist attractions and landmarks in the Anshun prefecture area include: Huangguoshu Waterfall ("Yellow Fruit Tree Waterfall") : A waterfall that can be viewed from all angles, even from inside the waterfall. It is the biggest waterfall in Asia. Getu River : the river is situated in a mountainous karst area. Along the river one can find Miao villages and karst caves. It is possible to walk 2000 steps up to the Chuangshang cave where one can get a view of the whole area. Longgong Cave (龙宫洞; "Dragon Palace") : The cave is situated above sea level and one has to walk 200 meters upwards to reach it. From there one can sail into the cave and experience the stalagmites and stalactites of the karst formation. There is also a waterfall by the foot of the cave. Tianlong Tunbao (屯堡) Ming Dynasty Town  : The town is situated some 25 kilometres (16 mi) from downtown Anshun. The name Tunbao refers to the places where the troops were stationed to guard the frontiers after putting down the riots during their southern expedition to Guizhou in the Hongwu reign (1368–1398) of the Ming Dynasty. The citizens have stuck to their traditional customs since then. The locals still wear clothes from the Ming Dynasty and the houses are also from that era. Anshun Wenmiao : This Ming Dynasty Confucian temple, situated within Anshun city, is erected to honor the famous philosopher Confucius and his disciples. Zhongdong (中洞; Middle Cave): Twenty families live inside this isolated village, set in a humongous limestone cavern 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) up a mountain. It's thought to be the only year-round settlement inside a naturally-occurring cave in China. Tiantai Mountain  : The mountain lies in Tunbao tourist site. It has a history of approximately 421 years. It is the only one ancient architectural complex in Guizhou Province which is the imitation of Song-Dynasty-style. The architectural complex is called The Epic of Stone Architectural. Ming general Wu Sangui once resided here. Huajiang Canyon : The only canyon which is famous as the “earth surface crack” canyon. Cliffside inscriptions are in the canyon. Folk art Anshun Batik - Batiks are a traditional folk Chinese handicraft art of Buyi Minority. People use wax pen to draw various patterns on white cloth such as flowers, birds and some strange shapes. Then, the cloth will be dipped dyeing in the indigotin. Finally, the patterns will be white shapes on a blue ground. Baktis can be used to make dresses and some other daily used things. Dixi Opera - Dixi Opera is called the “living fossil of Chinese Opera”. The acting style is singing and dancing. The main feature is that all actors wear the xylographic masks and sing the opera which are the ancient style. References External links
Division code	English name	Simp. Chinese	Trad. Chinese	Pinyin	Area in km2	Seat	Postal code	Divisions
								Subdistricts	Towns	Townships	Ethnic townships	Residential communities	Villages
520400	Anshun	安顺市	安順市	Ānshùn Shì	9267	Xixiu District	561000	7	38	42	11	100	1837
520402	Xixiu District	西秀区	西秀區	Xīxiù Qū	1704	Dongguan Subdistrict (东关街道)	561000	7	10	7	5	57	498
520421	Pingba County	平坝县	平壩縣	Píngbà Xiàn	999	Chengguan (城关镇)	561100		6	4	2	13	193
520422	Puding County	普定县	普定縣	Pǔdìng Xiàn	1092	Chengguan (城关镇)	562100		5	6	4	10	317
520423	Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County	镇宁布依族苗族自治县	鎮寧布依族苗族自治縣	Zhènníng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn	1720	Chengguan (城关镇)	561200		4	12		6	365
520424	Guanling Buyei and Miao Autonomous County	关岭布依族苗族自治县	關嶺布依族苗族自治縣	Guānlǐng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn	1468	Guansuo (关索镇)	561300		8	6		8	241
520425	Ziyun Miao and Buyei Autonomous County	紫云苗族布依族自治县	紫雲苗族布依族自治縣	Zǐyún Miáozú Bùyīzú Zìzhìxiàn	2284	Songshan (松山镇)	550800		5	7		6	223
Note: Xixiu District includes one subdistrict and two towns of the Anshun Economic Development Zone, while the two towns of Huangguoshu Scenic Area, Huangguoshu (黄果树镇) and Baishui (白水镇), are administered by Zhenning and Guanling Counties, respectively.

Demographics

Anshun City Demographics

Name
	Residence population(Nov. 2010)			Hukou population (end of 2010)
	Total	%	Population density (persons/km2)
Anshun	2297339	100	247.91	2797871
Xixiu District	765313	33.31	449.13	868669
Pingba County	298034	12.97	298.33	353777
Puding County	378288	16.47	346.42	459605
Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County	283880	12.36	165.05	381192
Guanling Buyei and Miao Autonomous County	301562	13.13	205.42	366814
Ziyun Miao and Buyei Autonomous County	270262	11.76	118.33	367814

According to the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China conducted in 2010, the residence population was 2,297,339, a reduction of 34,402 (1.48%) from the Fifth Census in 2000. The male-female ratio was 107.34 males per 100 females. Persons aged 0–14岁 numbered 580,910 (25.29%), 15–64 numbered 1,516,977 (66.03%), and 65+ numbered at 199,452 (8.68%). The urban population was 690,138 (only 30.04%).

Ethnic groups

Among the residence population, there were 1,466,833 people of Han ethnicity (63.85%), with members of various other ethnic groups taking up the other 36.15%.

Transportation

• Rail: Guiyang–Kunming Railway (贵昆铁路); Shanghai–Kunming Railway is under construction.
• Air: Anshun does have its own airport, although flights and destinations are limited from Anshun Huangguoshu Airport (黄果树机场). Destinations are to Chongqing, Guangzhou and Beijing's lesser Nanyuan Airport. Most travelers choose to use Guiyang Longdongbao International Airport and take a coach between there and Anshun.
• Other: Shanghai–Kunming High-Speed Railway and China National Highway 320.

Education

Anshun Normal University is the largest local institution of higher education, hosting Peace Corps Volunteer TEFL teachers since 2005.

Famous sites

Tourist attractions and landmarks in the Anshun prefecture area include:

• Huangguoshu Waterfall ("Yellow Fruit Tree Waterfall") : A waterfall that can be viewed from all angles, even from inside the waterfall. It is the biggest waterfall in Asia.
• Getu River : the river is situated in a mountainous karst area. Along the river one can find Miao villages and karst caves. It is possible to walk 2000 steps up to the Chuangshang cave where one can get a view of the whole area.
• Longgong Cave (龙宫洞; "Dragon Palace") : The cave is situated above sea level and one has to walk 200 meters upwards to reach it. From there one can sail into the cave and experience the stalagmites and stalactites of the karst formation. There is also a waterfall by the foot of the cave.
• Tianlong Tunbao (屯堡) Ming Dynasty Town  : The town is situated some 25 kilometres (16 mi) from downtown Anshun. The name Tunbao refers to the places where the troops were stationed to guard the frontiers after putting down the riots during their southern expedition to Guizhou in the Hongwu reign (1368–1398) of the Ming Dynasty. The citizens have stuck to their traditional customs since then. The locals still wear clothes from the Ming Dynasty and the houses are also from that era.
• Anshun Wenmiao : This Ming Dynasty Confucian temple, situated within Anshun city, is erected to honor the famous philosopher Confucius and his disciples.
• Zhongdong (中洞; Middle Cave): Twenty families live inside this isolated village, set in a humongous limestone cavern 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) up a mountain. It's thought to be the only year-round settlement inside a naturally-occurring cave in China.
• Tiantai Mountain  : The mountain lies in Tunbao tourist site. It has a history of approximately 421 years. It is the only one ancient architectural complex in Guizhou Province which is the imitation of Song-Dynasty-style. The architectural complex is called The Epic of Stone Architectural. Ming general Wu Sangui once resided here.
• Huajiang Canyon : The only canyon which is famous as the “earth surface crack” canyon. Cliffside inscriptions are in the canyon.

Folk art

Anshun Batik - Batiks are a traditional folk Chinese handicraft art of Buyi Minority. People use wax pen to draw various patterns on white cloth such as flowers, birds and some strange shapes. Then, the cloth will be dipped dyeing in the indigotin. Finally, the patterns will be white shapes on a blue ground. Baktis can be used to make dresses and some other daily used things.

Dixi Opera - Dixi Opera is called the “living fossil of Chinese Opera”. The acting style is singing and dancing. The main feature is that all actors wear the xylographic masks and sing the opera which are the ancient style.