Archer T. Gammon

Archer T. Gammon
Archer T. Gammon, Medal of Honor recipient
Born	(1918-09-11)September 11, 1918 Chatham, Virginia
Died	near Bastogne, Belgium
Place of burial	Mountain View Cemetery, Danville, Virginia
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	United States Army
Years of service	1942 - 1945
Rank	Staff Sergeant
Unit	9th Armored Infantry Battalion, 6th Armored Division
Battles/wars	World War II
Awards	Medal of Honor Purple Heart

Archer T. Gammon (September 11, 1918 – January 11, 1945) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.

Gammon joined the Army from Roanoke, Virginia in March 1942, and by January 11, 1945 was serving as a Staff Sergeant in Company A, 9th Armored Infantry Battalion, 6th Armored Division. On that day, near Bastogne, Belgium, he destroyed a German machine gun position before beginning a one-man assault on a Tiger Royal tank. He silenced a supporting machine gun emplacement and killed two infantrymen before he was killed by a shot from the tank. For these actions, he was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor a year later, on February 13, 1946.

Gammon, aged 26 at his death, was buried in Mountain View Cemetery, Danville, Virginia.

Medal of Honor citation

Staff Sergeant Gammon's official Medal of Honor citation reads:

He charged 30 yards through hip-deep snow to knock out a machinegun and its 3-man crew with grenades, saving his platoon from being decimated and allowing it to continue its advance from an open field into some nearby woods. The platoon's advance through the woods had only begun when a machinegun supported by riflemen opened fire and a Tiger Royal tank sent 88mm. shells screaming at the unit from the left flank. S/Sgt. Gammon, disregarding all thoughts of personal safety, rushed forward, then cut to the left, crossing the width of the platoon's skirmish line in an attempt to get within grenade range of the tank and its protecting foot troops. Intense fire was concentrated on him by riflemen and the machinegun emplaced near the tank. He charged the automatic weapon, wiped out its crew of 4 with grenades, and, with supreme daring, advanced to within 25 yards of the armored vehicle, killing 2 hostile infantrymen with rifle fire as he moved forward. The tank had started to withdraw, backing a short distance, then firing, backing some more, and then stopping to blast out another round, when the man whose single-handed relentless attack had put the ponderous machine on the defensive was struck and instantly killed by a direct hit from the Tiger Royal's heavy gun. By his intrepidity and extreme devotion to the task of driving the enemy back no matter what the odds, S/Sgt. Gammon cleared the woods of German forces, for the tank continued to withdraw, leaving open the path for the gallant squad leader's platoon.

Honored in ship naming

The USAT Sgt. Archer T. Gammon which served the United States Army at the end of World War II was named in his honor.

See also

• List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Army Center of Military History.