Arthur Biram
Arthur Yitzhak Biram (Hebrew: ארתור בירם) (13 August 1878 – 5 June 1967) was an Israeli philosopher, philologist, and educator.
Biography
Arthur Biram was born in Bischofswerda in Saxony in 1878, the son of a modest, but successful businessman. Biram attended school in Hirschberg, Silesia. His sister Else Bodenheimer-Biram became a well known art sociologist.
He studied languages, including Arabic, at University of Berlin and at University of Leipzig and earned a doctorate Dr. phil. at the University of Leipzig in 1902, discussing the philosophy of Abu-Rasid al-Nisaburi.[1] In 1904 he concluded the rabbi seminar at the Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judentums. Afterwards he taught languages and literature at the Berlinisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster.
Biram was one of the founders of the Bar-Kochba club, and a member of the German liberal religious stream 'Ezra', which recognized the importance of high school education. In 1913, he emigrated to Ottoman Palestine.
Dr. Arthur Biram founded the Hebrew Reali School in Haifa in 1913 and was appointed its first principal,[2] but a few months later, World War I broke out, and Dr. Biram was drafted by the German army and stationed in Afula. In 1919, he returned to school.
He married Hannah Tomeshevsky, and they had two sons. Both sons were killed: Aharon died in an accident while on reserve duty, and Binyamin, an engineer at the Dead Sea Works, was killed by a mine.
As part of Dr. Biram's philosophy of education, in 1937, he implemented compulsory Hagam[3] training for girls in the Hebrew Reali School in Haifa, laying the foundation for recruitment of women in the Haganah, and later the Israel Defense Forces.
In 1948, he resigned his post as principal, and on his 75th birthday, he authored a collection of essays on the Bible. Altogether, he wrote about 50 publications in Hebrew, German, English, and Arabic. Biram died in Haifa in 1967.
Awards
- In 1954, he was awarded the Israel Prize, for education.[4]
External links
- ↑ Die atomistische Substanzenlehre aus dem Buch der Streitfragen zwischen Basrensern und Bagdadensern, Arthur Biram, dissertation
- ↑ The Hebrew Reali School in Haifa
- ↑ Haganah, written by Dganit Boni-Davidi (acronym for Expanded Physical Education)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Streetwise: Rehov Biram, Haifa, written by Wendy Blumfeld
- Publications about resp. by Arthur Biram at Worldcat
- Biography at the Upper Lusatian Science Society (in German)
Further reading
- Socio-Educational Dilemmas: a typology illustrated by the history of Hebrew education in Haifa during the British Mandate, by Yuval Dror, article in the Journal of Educational Administration and History, 1478-7431, Volume 26, Issue 1, 1994, Pages 35 – 54, doi:10.1080/0022062940260104
- Encyclopedia of Zionism and Israel, by Raphael Patai, Vol. 1, Herzl Press, 1971
See also
- Pages with broken file links
- 1878 births
- 1967 deaths
- People from Bischofswerda
- German Jews
- German emigrants to the Ottoman Empire
- Humboldt University of Berlin alumni
- Leipzig University alumni
- Israeli educators
- Israeli Jews
- Jewish educators
- Israel Prize in education recipients
- Jews in Mandatory Palestine
- Jews in Ottoman Palestine
