Augusta of Denmark

Augusta of Denmark
File:Augusta de Danemark.jpg
Duchess consort of Holstein-Gottorp
Born	(1580-04-08)8 April 1580 Koldinghus
Died	Husum Castle
Spouse	John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp
House	Oldenburg
Father	Frederick II of Denmark
Mother	Sophia of Mecklenburg-Güstrow

Princess Augusta of Denmark (8 April 1580 – 5 February 1639) was the third daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark and Sophia of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, and Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp as the wife of Duke John Adolf. She was politically influential during the reign of her son, Duke Frederick III.

Marriage

She was married on 30 August 1596 in Copenhagen to her parents' cousin Duke John Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp (1575–1616) and had eight children. The marriage was tense as the spouses disagreed on religious matters. When in 1610 John Adolf fired the Lutheran vicar Jacob Fabricius the Elder, general provost for Holstein and Schleswig ducal share, and replaced him with a Calvinist, Philipp Caesar, as the official vicar of the ducal court in 1614, Augusta refused to attend service and went by foot to the Lutheran church in Schleswig.

Widowhood

As widow, she fired the Calvinist court vicar and reinstated Jacob Fabricius in 1616. She was politically influential during the reign of her son. She governed Husum castle as her dowry and there promoted arts and culture, music and gardening and schools. She supported and recommended the persecuted writer Anna Ovena Hoyer, when she fled from Holstein-Gottorp to the Swedish queen, Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg in 1632. In 1631 she came in conflict with her ruling brother Christian IV of Denmark over the inheritance of their wealthy mother.

Issue

Her marriage to John Adolf produced eight children, four boys and four girls. Her last child, a son, did not survive infancy.

1. Frederick III of Holstein-Gottorp (22 December 1597 – 10 August 1659).
2. Elisabeth Sofie (12 October 1599 – 25 November 1627), married on 5 March 1621 to Duke Augustus of Saxe-Lauenburg.
3. Adolf (15 September 1600 – 19 September 1631).
4. Dorothea Augusta (12 May 1602 – 13 March 1682), married in 1633 to Joachim Ernest, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön, son of John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg.
5. Hedwig (23 December 1603 – 22 March 1657), married on 15 July 1620 to Augustus, Count Palatine of Sulzbach.
6. Anna (19 December 1605 – 20 March 1623).
7. John (18 March 1606 – 21 February 1655).
8. Christian (born and died 1 December 1609).

Ancestry

Family of Augusta of Denmark

16. Christian I of Denmark (=#28)               8. Frederick I of Denmark (=#14)                       17. Dorothea of Brandenburg (=#29)               4. Christian III of Denmark                             18. John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg               9. Anna of Brandenburg                       19. Margaret of Thuringia               2. Frederick II of Denmark                                   20. John V, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg               10. Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg                       21. Dorothea of Brandenburg               5. Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg                             22. Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg               11. Catherine of Brunswick                       23. Catherine of Pomerania-Wolgast               1. Augusta of Denmark                                         24. Magnus II, Duke of Mecklenburg               12. Albrecht VII, Duke of Mecklenburg                       25. Sophie of Pomerania-Wolgast               6. Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg                             26. Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg               13. Anna of Brandenburg                       27. Elizabeth of Denmark               3. Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow                                   28. Christian I of Denmark (=#16)               14. Frederick I of Denmark (=#8)                       29. Dorothea of Brandenburg (=#17)               7. Elizabeth of Denmark                             30. Bogislaw X, Duke of Pomerania               15. Sophie of Pomerania                       31. Anna of Poland

References

• (Danish) Article in the Dansk biografisk Lexicon

Augusta of Denmark House of Oldenburg Born: 8 April 1580 Died: 5 February 1639
Preceded by Christine of Hesse	Duchess Consort of Holstein-Gottorp 1596-1616	Succeeded by Marie Elisabeth of Saxony