Augustin-Magloire Blanchet

The Most Reverend Augustin-Magloire Blanchet
Bishop of Nesqually
File:Augustin-Magloire Blanchet.png
Diocese	Nesqually
Installed	1850
Term ended	1879
Predecessor	Inaugural bishop
Successor	Egidius Junger
Other posts	Bishop of Walla Walla, Oregon Country (1846–1850)
Personal details
Born	(1797-08-22)22 August 1797 St. Pierre Riviere de Sud, Lower Canada
Died	Vancouver, Washington Territory
Buried	Holyrood Catholic Cemetery, Shoreline, Washington

Augustin Magloire Alexandre Blanchet (22 August 1797 – 25 February 1887) was a French Canadian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church in the Pacific Northwest who served as the first bishop of the now-defunct Diocese of Walla Walla and of the Diocese of Nesqually (now known as the Archdiocese of Seattle). Along with his elder brother and several other fellow French Canadian missionaries, Blanchet was instrumental in establishing the Catholic Church presence in the present-day U.S. state of Washington.

Early life and priesthood

Augustin Magloire Blanchet was born in the village of St. Pierre Riviere de Sud, in present-day Quebec. The younger brother of François Norbert Blanchet, Augustin Blanchet studied at Le Petit Séminaire de Québec and then at the Grand Seminary of Quebec. He was ordained to the priesthood on 3 June 1821 in the Archdiocese of Quebec and held several church positions in Quebec and Nova Scotia, mainly around the Montreal area.

Episcopal ministry

Bishop of Walla Walla

On 28 July 1846, while a canon in Montreal, Blanchet was appointed bishop of the new Diocese of Walla Walla in the Oregon Country (now in the U.S. state of Washington). Blanchet was to follow his brother, who had gone to the Oregon Country in 1838 to set up a Catholic church presence there, and was the bishop of the Diocese of Oregon City (now the Archdiocese of Portland).

Blanchet was ordained bishop on 27 September 1846 by Archbishop Ignace Bourget at Saint-Jacques Cathedral in Montreal. He left for Oregon on 4 March 1847 and arrived in Walla Walla on 5 September. The killing of Protestant missionaries in the Whitman massacre on 29 November 1847 led to an uneasy relationship among Blanchet, the native Cayuse people, and the United States government, and as a result Blanchet retreated to St. Paul in the Willamette Valley.

On 31 May 1850, the Holy See under Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Nesqually (later spelled "Nisqually"), with its episcopal see in Vancouver in what was by then known as the Oregon Territory, and named Blanchet bishop of the new diocese. Three years later the Walla Walla diocese was completely eliminated and much of its territory transferred to the new Nesqually diocese.

Bishop of Nesqually

On 23 January 1851, Blanchet established the existing St. James Church located at Fort Vancouver as his cathedral, renaming it St. James Cathedral. In 1853, the diocese's territory became part of the Washington Territory.

In 1868, Francis X. Prefontaine, a young priest and fellow Quebec native, requested Blanchet's permission to build a church building in bustling Seattle to support the city's first Catholic parish, which he had recently established. Blanchet believed that Seattle was a lost cause, but nevertheless he gave the priest permission to build a church as long as Prefontaine would raise the money for it himself and it would cost the diocese nothing. Prefontaine eventually raised enough money to build a church, and in 1869 he opened Seattle’s Catholic church.

Retirement, death, and legacy

Blanchet retired as bishop on 23 December 1879, at age 82, and was named titular bishop of Ibora. He continued to live in the Diocese of Nesqually in his retirement, and died in Vancouver on 25 February 1887.

Blanchet's first cathedral at Fort Vancouver was succeeded by a new St. James Cathedral in Vancouver in 1885; the original cathedral burned down in 1889. In the early 20th century, Francis X. Prefontaine, who years earlier had requested Blanchet's permission to build a church in Seattle, convinced Bishop Edward O'Dea to move the episcopal see of the Diocese of Nisqually to Seattle, and in 1903 the diocese was renamed the Diocese of Seattle. The cathedral O'Dea built in Seattle retained the St. James Cathedral name of Blanchet's original cathedral.

Bishop Blanchet High School in Seattle is named for Blanchet.

Bishop Blanchet's body is incorrupt.

External links

• Bishop Augustin Magloire Alexandre Blanchet at Catholic-Hierarchy.org
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Catholic Church titles
Preceded by None (first bishop)	Bishop of Walla Walla 1846–1850	Succeeded by None (defunct)
Preceded by None (first bishop)	Bishop of Nesqually 1850–1879	Succeeded by Egidius Junger