Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2
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Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 | |
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Classification and external resources | |
Specialty | Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 446: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
ICD-10 | E31.0 |
ICD-9-CM | 258.1 |
OMIM | 269200 |
DiseasesDB | 29690 |
eMedicine | med/1868 |
Patient UK | Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 |
MeSH | D016884 |
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2, a form of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome also known as Schmidt's syndrome,[1] or APS-II, is the most common form of the polyglandular failure syndromes.[2] It is heterogeneous and has not been linked to one gene. Rather, patients are at a higher risk when they carry a particular human leukocyte antigen genotype (HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ8 and HLA-DR4). APS-II affects women to a greater degree than men (75% of cases occur in women).[2]
Features of this syndrome are:
- Addison's disease[3]
- Primary hypothyroidism
- Graves' disease
- Pernicious anaemia
- Primary hypogonadism (less common)
- Diabetes mellitus (type 1)
- Vitiligo (less common)
- Coeliac disease
- Myasthenia gravis
Symptoms
Symptoms of Addison's disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis include:
- Dry hair
- Nausea
- Abdominal Pain
- Frequent urination[citation needed]
- Vomiting
- Weight and muscle loss
- Salt cravings / salt wasting
- Anorexia and cachexia
- High pulse / weakened heart
- Low blood pressure
- Weakness
- Hypoglycemia
- Numbness in extremities
- Migraines / dysparunia
- Poor immune system response
Some researchers favour splitting this syndrome into three distinct syndromes (numbering 2, 3[4] and 4), but evidence for these distinct combinations is not convincing.[citation needed]
Eponym
It is named for Hermann Adolf Alexander Schmidt (1831 – 1894), an Estonian / Baltic-German Physiologist.
References
- ↑ Basic Pathology - Robbins et al - 9th edition