Bahujan Samaj Party

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For the Nepalese party, see Bahujan Samaj Party, Nepal.
Bahujan Samaj Party
बहुजन समाज पार्टी
Chairperson Mayawati
Founder Kanshi Ram
All India General Secretary
National General Secretary Narinder Kashyap[2]
Founded 1984
Preceded by DS4
Headquarters 12, Gurudwara Rakabganj Road,
New Delhi - 110001
Student wing never created[3]
Youth wing never created[4]
Volunteer's wing Bahujan Volunteer Force[5]
Membership  (2015) 14.64 million
Ideology Human rights
Social equality[6]
Secularism
Social justice
Self respect[7]
Colours      Blue
Seats in the Rajya Sabha
10 / 245
Seats in the Lok Sabha
0 / 543
Uttar Pradesh
80 / 403
Chhattisgarh
1 / 90
Haryana
1 / 90
Jharkhand
1 / 81
Madhya Pradesh
4 / 230
Rajasthan
3 / 200
Uttarakhand
2 / 71
Vidhan Sabhas
93 / 4,120
Vidhan Parishads
16 / 454
Website
www.bspindia.org
Bahujan Samaj Party
ECI Status National Party[8]
Election symbol
Elephant
Politics of India
Political parties
Elections

The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) is a national political party in India. It was formed mainly to represent Bahujans (literally meaning "People in majority"), referring to people from the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Castes (OBC) as well as minorities. The party claims to be inspired by the philosophy of B. R. Ambedkar, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule, Periyar E. V. Ramasamy & Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj. The BSP was founded by charismatic leader Kanshi Ram in 1984, who was succeeded by his protégée Mayawati in 2003.[9] The party's political symbol is an elephant. The party was the third most voted-for party in the 2014 Indian general election, but still failed to win any seats in the 16th Lok Sabha.[10] The BSP has its main base in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Origin of the word Bahujan

The Pali word Bahujan is notably found in the literature of Buddhist texts. Gautama Buddha used this word to guide his disciples to work for the Bahujan Hitay Bahujan Sukhay (tran. Benefit and prosperity of majority people).[11] The word Bahujan also refers to those people who are in the majority. However, the BSP has historically drawn a loyal base of voters from Dalits and Most Backward castes.[12] It has attempted to grow nationally as well and has met with steady success.

History

The party was founded on 14 April 1984 by Kanshi Ram. Due to his deteriorating health in the 1990s, former school teacher Mayawati became the party's leader.[9] The party's power grew quickly with seats in the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly and India's Lower House of Parliament. In 1993, following the assembly elections, Mayawati formed a coalition with Samajwadi Party President Mulayam Singh Yadav as Chief Minister. On 2 June 1995, she withdrew support from his government, which led to a major incident where Mulayam Singh Yadav was accused of sending his goons, keeping her party legislators hostage at Lucknow guest house to try to break her party and also shouted casteist abuses at Mayawati.[13] Since this, they have regarded each other publicly as chief rivals. Mayawati then sought the support of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to become Chief Minister on 3 June 1995. In October 1995 the BJP withdrew support to her and fresh elections were called after President's Rule. In 2003, Mayawati resigned from her own government proving that she was not hungry for power[14] and asking BJP-run central government to remove Union Tourism and Culture Minister, Jagmohan.[15] In 2007, she by leading BSP formed government with absolute majority for full five year term.[16]

Success in 2007 UP assembly elections

Bahujan Samaj Party claims to represent the low and lowly. A man carrying the BSP flag.

The 11 May 2007, the Uttar Pradesh state assembly election results saw the BSP emerge as a single majority party, the first to do so since 1991. The BSP President Ms. Mayawati began her fourth term as Chief Minister of UP and took her oath of office along with 50 ministers of cabinet and state rank on 13 May 2007, at Rajbhawan in the state capital of Lucknow.[17] Most importantly, the majority achieved in large part was due to the party's ability to take away majority of upper castes votes from their traditional party, the BJP.

BSP is now the third largest national party of India in terms of vote percentages as per 2014 Lok Sabha Elections, having 4.2% vote share across the country.[18]

2012 UP assembly elections

Flags of "Bahujan Samaj Party" at Shivaji Park.

The party could manage only 80 seats in 2012 as against 206 in 2007 assembly elections. BSP government was the first in the history of Uttar Pradesh to complete its full five-year term.[19] On 11 July 2012, the party in a major revamp, replaced Swami Prasad Maurya by Ram Achal Rajbhar as President of UP Unit.[20]

Secret successor of Mayawati

On 9 August 2009, Mayawati declared that she had chosen a successor from the Dalit community who is 18–20 years her junior. She has penned down his name in a sealed packet left in the safe custody of two of her close confidantes. The name of the successor will be disclosed on her death.[21]

Lok Sabha (Lower House)

Lok Sabha Term Indian
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested		 State ( seats )
09th Lok Sabha 1989 245 04 2.07 4.53 Punjab ( 1 )
Uttar Pradesh ( 3 )[22]
10th Lok Sabha 1991 231 03 1.61 3.64 Madhya_Pradesh(1)
Punjab ( 1 )
Uttar Pradesh ( 1 )[23]
11th Lok Sabha 1996 210 11 4.02 11.21 Madhya Pradesh(2)
Punjab ( 3 )
Uttar Pradesh ( 6 )
12th Lok Sabha 1998 251 05 4.67 9.84 Haryana ( 1 )
Uttar Pradesh ( 4 )
13th Lok Sabha 1999 225 14 4.16 9.97 Uttar Pradesh (14)
14th Lok Sabha 2004 435 19 5.33 6.66 Uttar Pradesh (19)
15th Lok Sabha 2009 500 21 6.17 6.56 Madhya Pradesh(1)
Uttar Pradesh (20)
16th Lok Sabha 2014 503 0 4.3 NA

Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha (Lower House)

Vidhan Sabha Term UP
Elections		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
12th Vidhan Sabha 1993 164 67 11.12 28.52
13th Vidhan Sabha 1996 296 67 19.64 27.73
14th Vidhan Sabha 2002 401 98 23.06 23.19
15th Vidhan Sabha 2007 403 206 30.43 30.43
16th Vidhan Sabha 2012 403 80 25.95 25.95

Other states where BSP has a presence

Bihar Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Bihar
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
10th Vidhan Sabha 1990 164 0 0.73 1.41
11th Vidhan Sabha 1995 161 2 1.34 2.66
12th Vidhan Sabha 2000 249 5 1.89 2.47
13th Vidhan Sabha Feb. 2005 238 2 4.41 4.50
14th Vidhan Sabha Oct. 2005 212 4 4.17 4.75
15th Vidhan Sabha 2010 243 0 3.21 3.27
16th Vidhan Sabha 2015 243 0 2.1 2.1[24]

Chhattisgarh Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Chhattisgarh
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
2nd Vidhan Sabha 2003 54 2 4.45 9.4
3rd Vidhan Sabha 2008 90 2 6.11 6.11
4th Vidhan Sabha 2013 90 1 4.27 4.29

Delhi Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Delhi
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
1st Vidhan Sabha 1993 55 0 1.88 2.42
2nd Vidhan Sabha 1998 58 0 3.09 3.63
3rd Vidhan Sabha 2003 40 0 5.76 8.96
4th Vidhan Sabha 2008 69 2 14.05 14.05
5th Vidhan Sabha 2013 69 0 5.33 5.44
6th Vidhan Sabha 2015 70 0 1.3 1.3

Haryana Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Haryana
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
8th Vidhan Sabha 1991 26 1 2.32 7.67
9th Vidhan Sabha 1996 67 0 5.44 7.2
10th Vidhan Sabha 2000 83 1 5.74 6.22
11th Vidhan Sabha 2005 84 1 3.22 3.44
12th Vidhan Sabha 2009 86 1 6.73 7.05
13th Vidhan Sabha 2014 87 1[25] 4.37[26] 4.52

Himachal Pradesh Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Himachal Pradesh
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
7th Vidhan Sabha 1990 35 0 0.94 1.76
8th Vidhan Sabha 1993 49 0 2.25 3.0
9th Vidhan Sabha 1998 28 0 1.41 3.28
10th Vidhan Sabha 2003 23 0 0.7 2.02
11th Vidhan Sabha 2007 67 1 7.40 7.37
12th Vidhan Sabha 2012 67 0 1.7 2.02

Jammu and Kashmir Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Jammu and Kashmir
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
9th Vidhan Sabha 1996 29 4 6.43 15.07[27]
10th Vidhan Sabha 2002 33 1 4.50 7.86[28]
11th Vidhan Sabha 2008 83 0 3.73 3.73[29]
12th Vidhan Sabha 2014 50 0 1.41 2.07[30]

Jharkhand Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Jharkhand
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
3rd Vidhan Sabha 2009 78 0 2.44 2.55[31]
4th Vidhan Sabha 2014 41[32] 1[33] 1.4 1.8

Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Madhya Pradesh
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
9th Vidhan Sabha 1990 183 2 3.54 5.89
10th Vidhan Sabha 1993 286 2 7.05 7.86
11th Vidhan Sabha 1998 170 11 6.15 11.39
12th Vidhan Sabha 2003 157 2 7.26 10.62
13th Vidhan Sabha 2008 230 7 8.97 9.29
14th Vidhan sabha 2013 227 4 6.29 6.42

Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Maharashtra
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
8th Vidhan Sabha 1990 122 0 0.42 0.98
9th Vidhan Sabha 1995 145 0 1.49 2.82
10th Vidhan Sabha 1999 83 0 0.39 1.24
11th Vidhan Sabha 2004 272 0 4.0 4.18
12th Vidhan Sabha 2009 287 0 2.35 2.42
13th Vidhan Sabha 2014 260[34] 0 2.3[35]

Punjab Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Punjab
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
10th Vidhan Sabha 1992 105 9 16.32 17.59
11th Vidhan Sabha 1997 67 1 7.48 13.28
12th Vidhan Sabha 2002 100 0 5.69 6.61
13th Vidhan Sabha 2007 115 0 4.13 4.17
14th Vidhan Sabha 2012 117 0 4.28 4.28

Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Rajasthan
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
Won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
9th Vidhan Sabha 1990 205 0 0.79 2.54
10th Vidhan Sabha 1993 50 0 0.56 2.01
11th Vidhan Sabha 1998 108 2 2.17 3.81
12th Vidhan Sabha 2003 124 2 3.97 6.40
13th vidhan sabha 2008 199 6 7.60 7.66
14th vidhan sabha 2013 199 3 3.37 3.48

Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha

Vidhan Sabha Term Uttarakhand
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
Won		  % of
Votes		  % of Votes in
seats contested
1st Vidhan Sabha 2002 68 7 10.93 11.20
2nd Vidhan Sabha 2007 69 8 11.76 11.76
3rd Vidhan Sabha 2012 70 3 12.19 12.19
Vidhan Sabha Term Kerala
General Election		 Seats
Contested		 Seats
Won		 Total of
Votes		  % of
Votes
13th Vidhan Sabha 2011 122 0 104977 0.60
14th Vidhan Sabha 2016

See also

References

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  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ ZeeNews. Lok Sabha polls: Parties corner vote share, but fail to win seats
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  19. ↑ http://eciresults.nic.in/PartyWiseResult.htm
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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External links

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