Bely, Tver Oblast

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For other places with the same name, see Bely.
Bely (English)
Белый (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -
250px
In Bely
Map of Russia - Tver Oblast (2008-03).svg
Location of Tver Oblast in Russia
Bely is located in Tver Oblast
Bely
Bely
Location of Bely in Tver Oblast
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
70px
Coat of arms
Administrative status (as of December 2012)
Country Russia
Federal subject Tver Oblast[1]
Administrative district Belsky District[2]
Urban settlement Bely[2]
Administrative center of Belsky District,[3] Bely Urban Settlement[2]
Municipal status (as of July 2009)
Municipal district Belsky Municipal District[4]
Urban settlement Bely Urban Settlement[4]
Administrative center of Belsky Municipal District,[5] Bely Urban Settlement[4]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 3,772 inhabitants[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
First mentioned 1359[citation needed]
Postal code(s)[8] 172530
[[:commons:Category:{{#property:Commons category}}|Bely]] on Wikimedia Commons

Bely (Russian: Бе́лый) is a town and the administrative center of Belsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Obsha River. Population: 3,772 (2010 Census);[6] 4,350 (2002 Census);[9] 5,228 (1989 Census);[10] 6,900 (1897).

History

The name of the town means "white" in Russian, although it is unknown how or why this name originated. The fortress of Bely is first mentioned in a chronicle in 1350, since it was conquered by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It was located on the border between Lithuanian and Russian lands, and intermittently changed affiliation between Lithuania (later Poland) and the Grand Duchy of Moscow.[11] In the 15th century, it became the seat of the Belsky branch of the ruling House of Gediminas. The town was overrun by the Grand Duchy of Moscow in 1503. Three years later, Muscovites built a formidable castle, which the Lithuanians laid a siege to in 1508. The town was again subordinated to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth between 1618 and 1654, after which it finally went under Moscow.

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, Bely became the center of Belsky Uyezd of Smolensk Governorate and remained there until 1929, with the exception of the brief periods between 1713 and 1726, when it belonged to Riga Governorate, and between 1775 and 1796, when Smolensk Governorate was transformed into Smolensk Viceroyalty.

On 12 July 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Belsky District with the administrative center in the Bely was established. It belonged to Rzhev Okrug of Western Oblast.[12][13] On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On 29 January, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Belsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast.[12][14] During World War II, in 1941—1943, the district was occupied by German troops, and Bely was severely damaged. On August 22, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Velikiye Luki Oblast. On October 2, 1957, Velikiye Luki Oblast was abolished, and Belsky District was transferred back to Kalinin Oblast. On February 13, 1963 the district was abolished and merged into Nelidovsky District; on November 3, 1965 it was re-established.[14] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.[13]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Bely serves as the administrative center of Belsky District.[3] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Belsky District as Bely Urban Settlement.[2] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Belsky Municipal District.[4]

Economy

Industry

There are enterprises of timber and food industries located in Bely.[15]

Transportation

A paved road connecting Nelidovo and Smolensk via Dukhovshchina passes Bely. There are local roads. The closest railway stations are in Nelidovo (on the railway connecting Moscow and Riga via Velikiye Luki) and Vladimirsky Tupik (the terminus of a railway which branches off in Safonovo from the line connecting Moscow and Smolensk.

Culture and recreation

File:Корпус старый (Тверская область, Белый, Детский переулок, 7).jpg
The old building of the church school.

Bely contains five cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally sixty-five objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federally protected monuments are archeological sites related to the old town of Bely.[16]

There is a local museum in Bely, founded in 1925.[17]

References

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Law #34-ZO
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #19-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Belsky Municipal District, lists the town of Bely as a part and the administrative center of Bely Urban Settlement of that district.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 206», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 28 206, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Law #19-ZO
  5. ↑ Law #4-ZO
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Sources

  • Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №34-ЗО от 17 апреля 2006 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области», в ред. Закона №66-ЗО от 1 октября 2014 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 18 Закона Тверской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №17 (специальный выпуск), 19 апреля 2006 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #34-ZO of April 17, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast, as amended by the Law #66-ZO of October 1, 2014 On Amending Article 18 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).
  • Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №19-ЗО от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Бельский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №56-ЗО от 13 июля 2009 г «О внесении изменений в Приложение №1к Закону Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Бельский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №10, 11–17 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #19-ZO of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Belsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements, as amended by the Law #56-ZO of July 13, 2009 On Amending Appendix 1 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Belsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
  • Template:RussiaAdmMunRef/tve/munlist0
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