Bureau County, Illinois

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Bureau County, Illinois
Red Covered Bridge.jpg
Map of Illinois highlighting Bureau County
Location in the U.S. state of Illinois
Map of the United States highlighting Illinois
Illinois's location in the U.S.
Founded 1837
Seat Princeton
Largest city Princeton
Area
 • Total 874 sq mi (2,264 km2)
 • Land 869 sq mi (2,251 km2)
 • Water 4.5 sq mi (12 km2), 0.5%
Population
 • (2010) 34,978
 • Density 40/sq mi (15/km²)
Congressional district 16th
Time zone Central: UTC-6/-5
Website bureaucounty-il.us

Bureau County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,978.[1] Its county seat is Princeton.[2]

Bureau County is part of the Ottawa-Peru, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI Combined Statistical Area. Hennepin Canal Parkway State Park is located partly in this county.

History

Bureau County was organized out of Putnam County in 1837. It is named for Michel or Pierre Bureau. Their original surname was probably Belleau, but local American Indian tribes may have had difficulty pronouncing the "l" sound, the tribes endemic to the area speaking Algonquian dialects. Algonquian languages do not have an 'l' sound in them. One or both of the brothers ran a trading post near where Big Bureau Creek empties into the Illinois River from 1776 until 1780 or 1790.[3][4]

Bureau County was a New England settlement. The original founders of Princeton consisted entirely of settlers from New England. These people were "Yankee's", that is to say they were descended from the English Puritans who settled New England in the 17th century. They were part of a wave of New England farmers who headed west into what was then the wilds of the Northwest Territory during the early 19th century. Most of them arrived as a result of the completion of the Erie Canal.[5] When they arrived in what is now Bureau County there was nothing but a virgin forest and wild prairie, the New Englanders laid out farms, constructed roads, erected government buildings and established post routes. They brought with them many of their Yankee New England values, such as a passion for education, establishing many schools as well as staunch support for abolitionism. They were mostly members of the Congregationalist Church though some were Episcopalian. Culturally Bureau County, like much of northern Illinois would be culturally very continuous with early New England culture, for most of its history.[6][7][8]

Like so many other areas in the Midwest, this county was on a "line" of the Underground Railroad. There was a "station" at the home of Owen Lovejoy in Princeton, as well as several other locations throughout the county.

  • Bureau County at the time of its creation in 1837

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 874 square miles (2,260 km2), of which 869 square miles (2,250 km2) is land and 4.5 square miles (12 km2) (0.5%) is water.[9] Big Bureau Creek is the main body of water.

Adjacent counties

Major highways

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Climate and weather

Princeton, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D
 
 
1.7
 
 
29
14
 
 
1.5
 
 
35
20
 
 
2.5
 
 
47
30
 
 
3.8
 
 
61
40
 
 
4.1
 
 
73
51
 
 
4.4
 
 
82
61
 
 
3.3
 
 
85
65
 
 
4.8
 
 
82
63
 
 
3.7
 
 
75
55
 
 
2.9
 
 
63
43
 
 
2.9
 
 
47
31
 
 
2.5
 
 
33
19
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[10]

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Princeton have ranged from a low of 14 °F (−10 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −22 °F (−30 °C) was recorded in February 1996 and a record high of 102 °F (39 °C) was recorded in June 1988. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.48 inches (38 mm) in February to 4.76 inches (121 mm) in August.[10]

Demographics

2000 census age pyramid for Bureau County.
Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1840 3,067 —
1850 8,841 188.3%
1860 26,426 198.9%
1870 32,415 22.7%
1880 33,172 2.3%
1890 35,014 5.6%
1900 41,112 17.4%
1910 43,975 7.0%
1920 42,648 −3.0%
1930 38,845 −8.9%
1940 37,600 −3.2%
1950 37,711 0.3%
1960 37,594 −0.3%
1970 38,541 2.5%
1980 39,114 1.5%
1990 35,688 −8.8%
2000 35,503 −0.5%
2010 34,978 −1.5%
Est. 2014 33,840 [11] −3.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]
1790-1960[13] 1900-1990[14]
1990-2000[15] 2010-2013[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 34,978 people, 14,262 households, and 9,605 families residing in the county.[16] The population density was 40.2 inhabitants per square mile (15.5/km2). There were 15,720 housing units at an average density of 18.1 per square mile (7.0/km2).[9] The racial makeup of the county was 94.2% white, 0.7% Asian, 0.6% black or African American, 0.3% American Indian, 3.0% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 7.7% of the population.[16] In terms of ancestry, 32.8% were German, 13.8% were Irish, 12.1% were English, 9.2% were American, 8.8% were Italian, 7.6% were Swedish, and 5.8% were Polish.[17]

Of the 14,262 households, 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 32.7% were non-families, and 28.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.94. The median age was 42.5 years.[16]

The median income for a household in the county was $45,692 and the median income for a family was $55,217. Males had a median income of $42,327 versus $29,210 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,103. About 8.6% of families and 11.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.3% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.[18]

Communities

Cities

Villages

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Unincorporated community

Townships

Bureau County is divided into these twenty-five townships:

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Notable residents

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Pierre de Beuro, an Indian trader Pioneers of Illinois by Nehemiah Matson, 1882, p. 229
  4. ↑ Jean Baptiste Point de Sable : the founder of modern Chicago by John F. Swenson, 1999- . Retrieved 11 November 2010.
  5. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=6k80AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA246&dq=Bureau+County,+Illinois+%22New+England%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ooZWVNK-Hoy1oQSDxYKQAQ&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=snippet&q=%22Erie%20Canal%22&f=false
  6. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=STkVAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA265&dq=Bureau+County,+Illinois+%22New+England%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ooZWVNK-Hoy1oQSDxYKQAQ&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22New%20England%22&f=false
  7. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=U2VBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA223&dq=Bureau+County,+Illinois+%22New+England%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ooZWVNK-Hoy1oQSDxYKQAQ&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22New%20England%22&f=false
  8. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=6k80AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA246&dq=Bureau+County,+Illinois+%22New+England%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ooZWVNK-Hoy1oQSDxYKQAQ&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Bureau%20County%2C%20Illinois%20%22New%20England%22&f=false
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Virgil Fox
  20. ↑ Robert Petkoff
  21. ↑ Kathryn Hays
  22. ↑ Richard Widmark

References

External links

 Whiteside County Lee County
Henry County LaSalle County
  Bureau County, Illinois  
Stark County Marshall County Putnam County

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